Question

汉译英~~!高手请进!..

帮忙翻译下面这段话.不要在线翻译的啊.
论文凑字数.所以翻译的越多越好..句子简单点.不要翻译的太复杂.

价值观指人的意识形态、伦理道德、宗教信仰，以及风俗人情等为人处世准则的观念。一般认为是特定文化和生活方式的核心，表现在两种语言中，会对语言理解和翻译造成很多障碍，足以引起翻译工作者的重视。
中国文化中以儒家文化为主，其种族亲属和社会关系表达得十分清楚和严格，不容丝毫的含混和马虎；而对崇尚新教、个体文化价值的英语民族来说，这种亲属关系就笼统宽松得多。表现在两种语言中，英语一般只用 uncle 和 aunt 表示对非直系长一辈的称呼，对小一辈只用 nephew 和 niece ，而对同辈不分长幼用 brother 和 sister ，甚至不分男女概称 cousin ，这在汉语中是不容许的，因为汉语中对此类关系分得十分详细。所以在英译汉中，要找准汉语对应的词语，必须先弄清辈分和亲属、社会关系。而在汉译英中，这些复杂的亲属关系词语就要适当简化。
英语民族崇尚个人主义，个人至上主义价值观是西方文化的特点。体现在语言中，例如： An Englishman’s house is his castle. ( 英国人的家是他们的城堡 ) ，意味着没有理由不可以去无故打扰别人或没有预约不可以贸然拜访某人； Even reckoning make long friends ( 明算账，友谊长 ) ； Tell money after your own father ( 亲父子明算账 ) 等，这些都表明西方人的个人主义价值观。
中国文化中以谦虚为美德，所以对别人的赞扬、夸奖常礼仪性地予以否认。如“ You speak excellent English ，中国人常说“ no, no ”； 而西方人崇尚自我奋斗，常会对别人的赞扬乐于接受并表示感谢，积极地回答“ Thank you! ”。

Answer 1

The values refer to person's ideology, ethics morals, the religious belief, as well as manners and so on custom human sentiment get along with people the criterion the idea. Generally thought that is specific cultural and the life style core, displays in two languages, will understand and the translation to the language creates many barriers, will cause translator sufficiently the value. in the Chinese culture by the Confucianist culture primarily, its race relative and the social relations expresses clear and strict, does not accommodate the ambiguity and careless slightly; But to advocated protestantism, the individual culture value English nationality, this kind of ties of relationship generally were much more loose. Displays in two languages, English only uses uncle and the aunt expression generally to the non-direct line long generation of name, only uses nephew and niece to small one generation, but does not divide the old and young to of the same generation with brother and sister, even does not divide the men and women to call cousin generally, this in Chinese did not allow that because in Chinese obtains to this kind of relations very in detail. Therefore translates Hanzhong in UK, must look for the accurate Chinese correspondence the words and expressions, must clarify the rank and the relative, the social relations first. But in Chinese to English, these complex ties of relationship words and expressions must simplify suitably. the English nationality advocates the individualism, individual supreme principle values are the Western culture characteristic. Manifests in the language, for example: An Englishman's house is his castle. (English's family is their castle), means that does not have the reason not to be possible to go to disturb others for no reason or not to have the appointment not to be possible to visit somebody rashly; Even reckoning make long friends (clearly does accounts, friendship long); Tell money after your own father (kisses fathers and sons clearly to do accounts) and so on, these indicate westerner's individualism values. in the China culture take modest as a moral excellence, therefore to others' praise, the praise often the etiquette denied. Like “You speak excellent English, the Chinese often said “no, no”; But the westerner advocates the self-struggle, the regular session is glad to others' praise accepts and expresses thanks, replies “Thank you positively! ”.

Answer 2

Values refer to people of ideology, ethics, religious beliefs, as well as style, customs and norms of human concepts, such as. Is generally believed that a particular culture and way of life are the core of the performance of the two languages, language understanding and translation will cause a lot of obstacles, enough to cause workers Translation attention.

Chinese Confucian culture to culture-based, and its ethnic and social relations between family members expressed a very clear and strict, can not be the slightest ambiguity and perfunctory; and advocating Protestant, individual cultural values of the English nation, the family ties on the general liberal much more. Performance in the two languages, English, generally speaking, only uncle and aunt used to express a long non-lineal title generation, one generation of only a small nephew and niece, young and old, regardless of their peers with brother and sister, and even men and women Overview said cousin, which in Chinese are not allowed, because of such relationship between the Chinese share in great detail. At English-Chinese Translation therefore, it is necessary to find the corresponding Chinese word, we must first figure out seniority in the family and relatives, social relations. Chinese to English in these complex family relationships will be appropriate to simplify the words.

English national advocate of individualism, individual-oriented values are features of Western culture. Reflected in the language, such as: An Englishman's house is his castle. (English home is their castle), mean that there is no reason why this can not go no reason to disturb other people or not an appointment to visit a person can not be hastily; Even reckoning make long friends (Ming scores, length of friendship); Tell money after your own father (father and son pro-ming scores), which show that the values of Western individualism.

To Chinese culture for the virtues of modesty, so the praise of others, often ceremonial praise be denied. Such as "You speak excellent English, Chinese often say" no, no "; while the self-advocates strive Westerners often have other people willing to accept praise and express appreciation, the positive answer" Thank you! ".

Answer 3

Light doesn't travel in a limitless speed.Indeed, compared with any other moving forms we know,light speed is very high,seems infinite.
In one second, light can travel a distance equal to eight times the length of equator,hence in earth,light can send a visible object to watchers' eyes in a extreamyly short time.However,even to this kind of object,however short the time light needs to send it to watchers' eyes is, there is time interval.So we see the objects of some time before, not the ones of present time.

Answer 4

Values of human ideology and moral and religious beliefs and customs, such a concept of standards. It is believed that particular culture and lifestyle of the core, in two languages, and understanding of the language translation cause many obstacles, sufficient to cause the attention of translators.
In Chinese culture, the Confucian culture and social relationship expression racial relative quite clear and strictly, not any ambiguity and careless, To advocate the protestant, individual and cultural value of the English nation, the relative is generally more relaxed. In two languages, English uncle and aunt said in a generation of the family name, for a little niece and nephew, but only for his peers with brother and sister all men shall say, even all the cousin, in Chinese is not permitted, because the Chinese to such relationship had very detailed. So in english-chinese translation, to find a Chinese words, must first corresponding degress clear and relatives, social relations. In translation, these complicated kinship words is simplified.
English people advocate individualism, personal supreme values are characteristic of western culture. Reflected in language, for example: An Englishman 's castle. (di is his English is their castle), means no reason why you can't go without disturbing others or no reservation can not rashly; visit sb. That makes you mutually reckoning (Ming accounts, friendship), Tell your father (its their money and close the accounts), these are the personal values that westerners.
In Chinese culture, so for virtue of humility and compliment others praise effectively denies that often etiquette. Such as "excellent Chinese speak two, often say" no ", while the westerners, advocating self-made, often praised for others to accept and Thank, actively answered "yes! ".