what从句用法总结
what引导名词性从句用法
一、用法归纳
1、表示“……的东西或事情”
They’ve done what they can to help her.他们已经尽力帮助了她。
He saves what he earns.他赚多少,积蓄多少。
2、表示“……的人或的样子”
He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的那个样子。
3、表示“……的数量或数目”
Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。
4、表示“……的时间”
After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。
5、表示“……的地方”
This is what they call Salt Lake City.这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。
二、用法说明
1、这样用的what相当于“先行词+关系代词”,所以其前不能有先行词。
你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。
正:You can have what you like./ You can have everything (that) you like.
误:You can have everything what you like.
2、有时what可用作限定词,其后修饰一个名词。
I gave him what books I had.我把我所有的书都给他了。
3、What后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词,但通常不能是单数可数名词。
误:I gave him what book I had.
4、What后接不可数名词时,有时可有little修饰。注意区别:what+不可数名词=所有的都,what little+不可数名词=虽少但全部。
I spent what time I had with her.我所有的时间都是与她一起度过的。
what在高中英语中的某些特殊用法
1、what = just as,意为“恰像,犹如,好比”用作连词,引导比较状语从句。
(1)惯用句式是:A is to B what C is to D.意为“A对B而言正如C对D一样”例如:
Air is to us What water is to fish.空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。(介词to表示两者的关系)
(2)也有“A is for B what C is for D.”句式。例如:
Poultry is for the cook what canvas is for the paint.厨师离不了家禽正如画家离不开画布一样。(介词for表示“供…使用”)
2、what与do with连用,意为“(怎样)处理﹑安排或对付等”。what常有较灵活的翻译,常用结构是:“what…do with sth./sb.?”或“what to do with sth./sb.”例如:
①What will you do with the letter?你将把那封信怎样处理?
②The kids do not know what to do with themselves on rainy days.孩子们不知道雨天干什么好。
3、问价格﹑度量﹑速度、人口﹑面积﹑门牌(汽车﹑电话等)号码等时,只能用what提问,不能用how much提问。例如:
①What is the cost(price)of the gold watch?这块金表多少钱?
②What is the speed of the car?车速是多少?
③What is the length(width﹑depth)of the lake?这湖有多长(宽、深)?
④What is the population(area)of China?中国的人口(面积)有多少(大)?
⑤What money(cash)have you got?你有多少钱(现金)?
⑥What is your telephone(car、room)number?你的电话(汽车﹑房间)号码是多少?
what从句用法总结如下:
1、主语从句。What is beautiful is not always good.
美的东西并不总内是好的。
2、宾语从句。I could hardly believe what he had told me.
我简直不敢相信他所告诉我的。
3、表语从句。Books are what we need most.
书是容我们最需要的东西。
4、同位语从句。I have no idea what he is doing.
我不知道他正在做什么。
what的常见用法。
what只引导主从,宾从,表从,不能引导定从和同位从,即what前面不能有名词。既起连接作用,又在从句中充当主、宾、表语的成分。即:what+不完整句子,做主从,宾从,表从。what连接代词,必须代替从句中的主/宾/表语,意为“什么”。例:I don’t know what to do。
作为疑问代词,what在句中起名词性词组的作用,例如:I can't make out what he is driving。What,比较明显的是,of的从句是作worthy of的宾语,而引导词又是作宾语从句中谓语were doing的宾语,所以只能用what。