英语独立主格结构
独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)由两部分组成,前一部分是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。
前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中作状语,多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语。
例如:
独立主格结构表示时间The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。
独立主格结构表示条件:
The condition being favourable, he may succeed. 若条件有利,他或许能成功。
独立主格结构表示原因There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车,我们只好步行。He wrapped her up with great care,the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得严严实实的。
In the middle of February,the weather being favorable for work,the workers began to repair and secure the dam of the river.二月中旬,天气有利于工作,工人们开始修缮河坝。
独立主格结构表示伴随情况Almost all metals are good conductors,silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体,而银则是最好的导体。
(=Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.)表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。