Question

“but”有哪些用法？

Answer 1

一、用作连词 \x0d\x0a1. 用作等立连词，使其前后的词、短语、分句相互对照，作“但是，然而，可是”解。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aShe is young but very experienced. \x0d\x0a她虽然年轻但经验丰富。 \x0d\x0a2. 用于表示歉意的话语之后，表示谢绝或不赞成。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aI'm sorry, but I disagree with you. \x0d\x0a对不起，我不同意你的意见。 \x0d\x0a3. 用于两个并列的分句之间，与前面的否定词形成对比，作“无„„而不„„”解。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aIt never rains but it pours. \x0d\x0a不雨则已，一雨倾盆。 \x0d\x0aI never go past that house but I think of my miserable life in the old society. \x0d\x0a我走过那所房子时，\x0d\x0a没有一次不想起我在旧社会所过的悲惨生活。 \x0d\x0a \x0d\x0a二、用作介词 \x0d\x0a1. 与 no ，nobody ，nothing ，none ，who 等词连用，作“除„„之外”解，用来排除同类中的一分子，或从整体中除去一部分。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aNobody knew her but me. \x0d\x0a除我以外，没有人认识她。 \x0d\x0aNothing but disaster would come from such a plan. \x0d\x0a这个计划只能带来灾难，别无益处。 \x0d\x0a2. but 前面有do的某种形式时，but后面的动词不定式要省略to ；其前没有do的某种形式时，but后面的不定式要带to。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aWe had no choice but to wait. \x0d\x0a除了等待，我们别无选择。\x0d\x0aHe did nothing all day long but watch TV。\x0d\x0a一整天，他除了看电视，别无他事可做。\x0d\x0a3. 与last ，next 及one ，two 等连用，作“倒数第二、第三”等解。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aJack was the last but one to arrive. \x0d\x0a杰克是倒数第二个到达的。\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a三、用作副词\x0d\x0a1. 意思上相当于 only ，后面跟名词或动词。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aTom is but a child. \x0d\x0a汤姆只是个孩子。\x0d\x0aWe can but try now. \x0d\x0a我们现在只有尝试一遍。\x0d\x0a2. but 出现在too „to „结构前面时，不定式含肯定意义。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aI'm but too glad to go there with you. \x0d\x0a我非常高兴和你一起去那里。\x0d\x0a \x0d\x0a四、含but 的习惯用语 \x0d\x0a1. but for ＝without ，意为“要不是；如果没有”，意思上相当于一个虚拟条件句。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aBut for the rain (If it hadn't rained), we would have had a pleasant journey. \x0d\x0a要不是天下雨，我们这次旅行就惬意了。\x0d\x0aBut for your help, we couldn't have carried out the plan. \x0d\x0a如果没有你的帮助，我们不可能实现那个计划。 \x0d\x0a2. but that = except that ，意为“若非；要不是”，引导虚拟条件状语从句。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aHe would have helped me but that he was short of money at that time. \x0d\x0a要不是他那时候没钱，他会帮助我的。\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a3. but then = on the other hand ，意为“不过；在另一方面”。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aLondon is a noisy place, but then it's also a place where you get the best entertainment. \x0d\x0a伦敦是个闹市，不过它也是能够给你最好娱乐的地方。\x0d\x0a4. nothing but = only ，意为“只；不过是”。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aWe could see nothing but water. \x0d\x0a我们只能看见水。\x0d\x0a5. not „but „意为“不是„„而是„„”，连接两个并列的名词、形容词、副词、短语或分句等。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aMy bag is not black but red. \x0d\x0a我的书包不是黑色的而是红色的。 \x0d\x0aHe failed not because he isn't clever but because he didn't work hard. \x0d\x0a他失败了，不是因为他不\x0d\x0a聪明而是因为他工作不努力。 \x0d\x0a6. no „but 意为“没有„„不„„”;虽然，尽管。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aNo child but likes Old Li in our village. \x0d\x0a没有孩子不喜欢我们村里的老李。 \x0d\x0aI can’t marry her, no but we love each other very much. \x0d\x0a我不能娶她，尽管我们彼此非常相爱 \x0d\x0a7. not only „ but also „意为“不但„„而且„„；既„„又„„”，连接两个并列成分。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aNot only you but also she has to attend the meeting. \x0d\x0a不但你而且她也得参加这次会议。\x0d\x0aHe not only teaches us English but also does other things for us. \x0d\x0a他不但教我们英语，而且还为我们干别的事情。\x0d\x0a8. not that „but that „意为“不是因为„„而是因为„„”。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aNot that the car is out of order, but that I've not learned to drive. \x0d\x0a不是汽车出了故障，而是我还\x0d\x0a没有学会开车。\x0d\x0a9. can't help but do „意为“不能不„„；忍不住„„”。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aI can't help but cry. \x0d\x0a我忍不住哭了。\x0d\x0a10. all but 意为“除„„外全都，几乎”。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aAll but mother in my family can speak English. \x0d\x0a除母亲外，我的一家人都会说英语。\x0d\x0aHis theory is all but correct. \x0d\x0a他的理论几乎是正确的。\x0d\x0a11. anything but 意为“不见得，决不”。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aHe is anything but a good headmaster. \x0d\x0a他不见得是个好校长。\x0d\x0aThis car is anything but beautiful. \x0d\x0a这辆小汽车根本不漂亮。\x0d\x0a12. but now 意为“刚刚，适才”。\x0d\x0a例如： \x0d\x0aI saw him in the office but now. \x0d\x0a我刚刚看见他在办公室。\x0d\x0aI heard the commander talk about you but now. \x0d\x0a适才听得司令讲到您。\x0d\x0a13. can (or could) but 意为“只能，只好”。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aHis father can but know a few letters. \x0d\x0a他的父亲只能认几个字母。\x0d\x0aThe old lady could but walk slowly with a stick. \x0d\x0a那个老太太只能拄着拐杖慢慢地朝前走。\x0d\x0a14. can (or could) not but 意为“不得不，忍不住”。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aI could not but tell him about it. \x0d\x0a我不得不告诉他这件事。\x0d\x0aSeeing her husband's funny face, she could not but laugh. \x0d\x0a看见丈夫的滑稽面孔，她忍不住大笑起来。\x0d\x0a15. cannot (or could not) choose but 意为“不得不，必须”。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aThey could not choose but obey. \x0d\x0a他们除了服从外别无选择。\x0d\x0a16. cannot (or couldn’t) help but不能不, 不得不\x0d\x0aI cannot help but be sorry. \x0d\x0a我不能不感到遗憾。\x0d\x0a17. never „but 意为“每当„„就„„”。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aHe never sees Miss Wang but he thinks of his friend, Xiao Ya. \x0d\x0a每当见到王女士时，他就想起他的朋友小雅来。\x0d\x0aHer brother never comes, but he asks her for money. \x0d\x0a她兄弟来时，总是向她要钱。\x0d\x0a18. next but one 意为“再下一个”。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aThey used to live in the next house but one to me. \x0d\x0a他们住在我隔壁的隔壁。\x0d\x0a19. no one but 意为“除了„„外，谁也不”。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aNo one but a madman would say such words. \x0d\x0a除了疯子，谁也不会说这样的话。\x0d\x0a20. not so „(no such a „) but (that) „意为“没有到（不能„„）”。\x0d\x0a例如：\x0d\x0aHis English is not so bad but he can make himself understood. \x0d\x0a他的英语还不至于差到不能把己的意思讲清楚的地步。\x0d\x0aI'm not so foolish (not such a fool) but (that) I can see what he really meant. \x0d\x0a我还没有笨到听不懂他话中的真正含义的地步。\x0d\x0a21. first but one (two„) 顺数第二(三„„) \x0d\x0aIn the brothers Mr. Kong was the first but one. \x0d\x0a孔先生在弟兄中排行老二。\x0d\x0a22. last but one (two„) 倒数第二(三„„) \x0d\x0aWe sat in the last row but four. \x0d\x0a我们坐在倒数第五排。