Question

anne frank是谁？

请简短介绍下anne frank是谁和她的生平事迹还有关于她的日记...

Answer 1

安妮·弗兰克，德国犹太少女，15岁死于贝尔根-贝尔森集中营（Bergen-Belsen concentration camp），她的《安妮日记》成为第二次大战期间纳粹消灭犹太人的最佳见证，日记中展现了惊人的勇气与毅力。这本日记的高度文学价值一直受世人重视。美国知名剧作家梅耶·莱文（ 安妮·弗兰克Meyer Levin）曾以“有着嫓美长篇小说的张力”来形容安妮的写作风格，并受到她的日记启发和感动，在日记出版后不久，便与奥图·法兰克合作把日记内容改编为舞台剧。另外，著名美国诗人约翰·贝里曼（John Berryman）也曾表示，日记描写的内容独特之处，在于它不仅描述了青春期的心态，而且“以细致而充满自信，简约而不失真实地描述了一个孩子转变为成人的心态。” 　　在日记的美国发行版中，埃莉诺·罗斯福（即前美国总统罗斯福夫人）在序中写道：“在我曾阅读过的书籍中，这是其中一个对战争影响的描述最为现实和聪慧的记载之一”。前美国总统约翰·肯尼迪在1961年一次演说中提到说：“在众多于我们历史重要关头，站出来为人性尊严辩护的人当中，没有谁的说话比安妮法兰克更铿锵有力。”同年，一位苏联作家伊利亚·爱伦堡（Ilya Ehrenburg）也认为，“这是一本代表了六百万（犹太）人心声的书，纵使这不是甚么雄壮伟大的史诗，只是一本普通小女孩的日记。” 　　安妮也被认为是一个有高度写作水平的作家和人道主义者，同时也被广泛视为纳粹对犹太人大屠杀，以及迫害主义的一个象征。希拉里·克林顿（即前美国总统克林顿夫人，2008年美国总统选举候选民主党提名人） ，在她于1994年接受埃利·维瑟尔人道主义奖时的演说中，也提到安妮的日记“唤醒我们不要再作出愚蠢的岐视行为”（指当时于萨拉热窝，索马利兰和卢旺达的种族战争和屠杀）。 　　在获得安妮·法兰克基金颁授的人权奖后，曼德拉在约翰内斯堡发表讲话， 他说在阅过安妮的日记后，“在当中获得许多鼓励”。他把自己对种族隔离的反抗喻为安妮对纳粹的反抗，并以“因为这些信条都是完全错误的，也因为古往今来，它们都在被跟安妮·法兰克相似的人挑战，所以它们是必定会失败的。” 来把两种信念连系在一起。同样地于1994年，前捷克总统瓦茨拉夫·哈维尔在响应怎样面对当时的东欧国家，在苏联解体后的政治与社会变化时，也回答说：“安妮·法兰克留给后人的精神至今仍然存在，并且对我们仍然具有重要意义。”藉此表示自己的理念。 　　意大利作家普利摩·利瓦伊（Primo Levi）曾经表示安妮·法兰克之所以被广泛认为代表着在二战中数以百万计受害的民众，是因为“接受安妮·法兰克的故事，比起要去接受那成千上万与她一样的受害者要来的容易。也许这样比较好吧，人们总不能活在成千上万悲惨故事的阴影下。”而奥地利作家玛莉萨·穆勒（Melissa Müller） 在她的撰写的安妮法兰克传记的后记中，也提到相似的想法，并且试图消除公众对“安妮·法兰克代表着六百万纳粹集中营受难者”的误解。她写道：“安妮的生命 与死亡都是她的命运，而那六百万受害者也有着自己的命运。所以她不能代表那六百万被纳粹夺去的性命，他们也有着自己与别不同的命运……但她的命运，依然使 我们明白大屠杀对犹太人的影响是如此的广，如此的深远。” 　　安妮的父亲，奥图·法兰克在余生都致力于维护安妮留下的一切。他曾表示“这样给我的感觉很奇怪。通常在正常的家庭关系里，都是子女承受着父母知名所 带来荣誉和负担，而我却恰好相反。”而他也重提了出版商认为日记何以如此畅销的意见。“他们说，日记触及的日常生活细节是如此的广泛，致使几乎每个读者都 能在日记中找到触动自己的共鸣。”著名的“纳粹猎人”西蒙·维森塔尔认为，安妮的日记大大提高了公众，对那些在纽伦堡审判中已被确认的屠杀罪行的注意和认识，因为“人们都认识这个女孩。人们都知道大屠杀对她的影响，这也是在我的家庭，在你的家庭也发生着的事，所以人们都能明白这个罪行的影响。” 　　于1999年6月，美国时代杂志出版了一册题为《TIME 100：世界最具影响力的人物》（TIME 100：Heroes & Icons of the 20th century）的特别期刊，安妮·法兰克获选为其中之一。编者罗杰·罗森布拉特（Roger Rosenblatt） 对她的贡献作出了这样的评价：“安妮的日记燃起了所有人对她的热情，她使人们认识到大屠杀、反犹太主义，也使人们认识到她的童真、善良仁慈，更成为现代世 界的精神象征－不论是在受着各式各样影响的个人精神道德，还是在坚定人类对生存的渴望，与对未来的憧憬上。” 他同时表示，当人们敬重安妮的勇气与实事求事的态度时，同时她对自身的分析能力与写作能力亦使人钦佩，“她的声誉所以能长存不朽，主要是因为她具有高度文 学水平。不论甚么年龄来看，她都是一个水平极高的作家，能在当时残酷的现实环境下写出了如此优秀的作品。” 负面评价和诉讼 　　日记自20世纪50年代起受到公众关注后，开始出现不断的批评与质疑，也有著作申述这些批评，最早期的著作来自瑞典及挪威。在这些负面评价中，曾经有人质疑日记的作者不是安妮·法兰克，而是剧作家梅耶·莱文。 　　于1958年，当安妮的日记改编的舞台剧在维也纳上映时，在席的西蒙·维森塔尔受到一班抗议者的滋扰。那些抗议者质疑安妮·法兰克是否实际上不存 在，并挑衅维森塔尔要求他找出当年逮捕安妮的军官以兹证明。后来于1963年维森塔尔找到了当时的盖世太保Karl Silberbauer，在与他的会谈中， Silberbauer对当时的罪行直认不讳，并在一张被他逮捕的人的相片中认出了安妮·法兰克。他并供认了整个逮捕过程，也记得在过程中曾翻倒了一个载 满纸张的公文包。这些证词后来全被其它目击证人，包括奥图·法兰克予以证实。这次事件也平息了对安妮·法兰克是否存在的质疑。 　　除此以外，有批评者提出了对作者新的质疑。批评者认为，安妮的日记实际是亲犹太组织的宣传品，而奥图·法兰克亦被指为骗子。于1959年，奥图·法兰克于德国吕贝克对一名曾为希特拉青年团成 员的教师Lothar Stielau兴讼，控告该名教师在校报上诋毁日记为赝品，后来同时控告了在吕贝克一份报纸登信支持Stielau的Heinrich Buddegerg。开庭审讯后，法庭分析了日记的手稿，在1960年确认了日记笔迹与已知的安妮·法兰克笔迹相同，并确定日记为真品。法庭判决后， Stielau撤回本来的言论，而奥图·法兰克也没有继续追究。 　　1976年，奥图·法兰克控告法兰克福的Heinz Roth，指他印发诋毁日记为赝品的小册子，法庭其后判决Heinz Roth被罚款500，000马克及监禁6个月。Roth其后提出了上诉，但他于1978年去世，而在翌年上诉也被驳回。 　　同年，奥图·法兰克也对Ernst Römer提出了诉讼，指他印发一本名为《畅销书安妮日记的谎言（ The Diary of Anne Frank, Bestseller, A Lie）》的小册子。此案在法庭审讯时，一个名为Edgar Geiss的人在庭上派发此本小册子，结果他也被起诉。法庭其后判决Römer被罚款1,500马克，而Geiss则被判监禁6个月。在上诉后刑期虽然获得减少，但此次案件却因为奥图·法兰克后来对刑期的再度上诉，超逾了当地有关诽谤的法律条例范围而结束。 　　在奥图·法兰克于1980年死后，安妮的日记包括书信与分散的页纸，按他的遗愿被转交予荷兰国家战争文件研究所，研究所后来在1986年委托荷兰司法部对日记进行司法科学鉴定。司法部分析了日记的笔迹并与过往案例作对比，证实笔迹脗合，而日记上的纸张，浆糊与墨迹亦被确认为与日记撰写年代脗合，最后安妮的日记正式被荷兰司法部确认为真迹。后来荷兰国家战争文件研究所综合研究结果与原稿及其它资料，出版了所谓的“评论性版”。于1990年3月23日，德国汉堡地方法庭对此版的日记进行了确认。 　　1991年，两位大屠杀否定派学者罗伯特·弗里森（Robert Faurisson） 与 Siegfried Verbeke出版了一本名为《安妮的日记:另一面接触（The Diary of Anne Frank: A Critical Approach）》的著作。这本着作宣称日记由奥图·法兰克撰写，并提出日记内容有不少矛盾，质疑躲藏在隐密之家的可能性，以及文章风格及文笔与同年龄 的青少年有别等问题。 　　在荷兰阿姆斯特丹的安妮·法兰克之家与位于瑞士巴塞尔的安妮·法兰克基金，在1993年12月就上述著作动用民事法，禁止该书在荷兰的进一步印发。于1998年12月9日，阿姆斯特丹地方法庭按原告要求，禁止任何否定日记及其内容真实性的印刷品出版，违者将被罚款25,000荷兰盾（约11350欧元）。

Answer 2

安妮日记啊 Anne Frank 是它的作者Anne Frank was born into a Jewish family in Frankfurt, Germany, on June 12, 1929. She lived in Frankfurt with her father, Otto; her mother, Edith; and her older sister, Margot. Then, in 1933, her life in Germany began to change. The country had a new leader named Adolf Hitler. Hitler taught hatred and intolerance toward Jews and all other people who were not of his race or who did not share his beliefs. Hitler's followers were known as the Nazis.
Hitler's acts of hatred toward the Jews troubled Anne Frank's father greatly. He was worried for his family's well-being. In 1933 Otto Frank decided to move his wife and daughters to the city of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. Amsterdam offered the Franks a new business opportunity and a safe place to raise their children. Anne Frank was not affected much by this change in her life. She started a new school, made friends, and visited the ocean on vacation.
In 1940 the Germans invaded the Netherlands. One year later they began to take Jewish people from their homes and send them to concentration camps, or prisons, in Germany. Otto Frank was ready for this attack on the Jewish population in Amsterdam. While some Jews tried to leave the country, Anne's father prepared a secret hiding place for his family. On July 5, 1942, the Nazis sent out an order for Margot Frank to be arrested. To prevent this, the Franks went into hiding.
Anne Frank could bring only a few items with her to the hiding place. She brought pictures of movie stars, books, and a diary her parents had given her on her thirteenth birthday. Anne Frank's diary became an important record of the Franks' years in hiding.
Anne Frank's diary
Their hiding place was part of a house attached to Mr. Frank's place of business. The Secret Annex, as Anne Frank called it in her diary, became home to eight people. Another Jewish family, the Van Pels, lived there along with the Franks. Later, an older man named Fritz Pfeffer joined the two families. A few friends and employees of Anne's father provided the people in the Secret Annex with food and news from the outside.
For two years the people in the Secret Annex lived in constant fear of being caught by the Nazis. During the day, when people were working in the building,they sat quietly and moved very little. Only at night could they walk around and talk freely. In the end, all their careful ways could not save them. On August 4, 1944, the families in the Secret Annex were discovered by the Nazis. A phone call from an unknown person had given away the Franks' hiding place.
For the next seven months, Anne Frank and her family were moved from one concentration camp to another. Her mother died at Auschwitz, a concentration camp in Poland. Anne Frank and her sister, Margot, were moved to the concentration camp at Bergen-Belsen in Germany. Many of the prisoners at Bergen-Belsen were dying from disease. With little to eat and only rags to wear in the cold winter, the sisters became ill. Anne and Margot Frank died at Bergen-Belsen in March 1945. Margot Frank was 19, and Anne Frank was 15.
Anne Frank's father was the only person from the Secret Annex to survive the war. After his release from Auschwitz, he traveled back to Amsterdam. A friend of the family had rescued a few of the Frank's belongings, including his daughter's diary. In the summer of 1947, Anne's father decided to publish her diary. Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl has given a voice to all the Jewish people who lost their lives during World War II. Anne Frank's diary continues to remind readers how important it is to love and respect others and to allow them to lead their lives in peace.这有几篇英文版的June 12, 1942I hope I will be able to confide everything to you, as I have never been able to confide in anyone, and I hope you will be a great source of comfort and support. COMMENT ADDED BY ANNE ON SEPTEMBER 28, 1942: So far you truly have been a areat source of comfort to me, and so has Kitty, whom I now write to regularly. This way of keeping a diary is much nicer, and now I can hardly wait for those moments when I'm able to write in you. Oh, I'm so alad I brought you along! SUNDAY, JUNE 14, 1942 I'll begin from the moment I got you, the moment I saw you lying on the table among my other birthday presents. (I went along when you were bought, but that doesn't count.) On Friday, June 12, I was awake at six o'clock, which isn't surprising, since it was my birthday. But I'm not allowed to get up at that hour, so I had to control my curiosity until quarter to seven. When I couldn't wait any longer, I went to the dining room, where Moortje (the cat) welcomed me by rubbing against my legs. A little after seven I went to Daddy and Mama and then to the living room to open my presents, and you were the first thing I saw, maybe one of my nicest presents. Then a bouquet of roses, some peonies and a potted plant. From Daddy and Mama I got a blue blouse, a game, a bottle of grape juice, which to my mind tastes a bit like wine (after all, wine is made from grapes), a puzzle, a jar of cold cream, 2.50 guilders and a gift certificate for two books. I got another book as well, Camera Obscura (but Margot already has it, so I exchanged mine for something else), a platter of homemade cookies (which I made myself, of course, since I've become quite an expert at baking cookies), lots of candy and a strawberry tart from Mother. And a letter from Grammy, right on time, but of course that was just a coincidence. Then Hanneli came to pick me up, and we went to school. During recess I passed out cookies to my teachers and my class, and then it was time to get back to work. I didn't arrive home until five, since I went to gym with the rest of the class. (I'm not allowed to take part because my shoulders and hips tend to get dislocated.) As it was my birthday, I got to decide which game my classmates would play, and I chose volleyball. Afterward they all danced around me in a circle and sang "Happy Birthday." When I got home, Sanne Ledermann was already there. Ilse Wagner, Hanneli Goslar and Jacqueline van Maarsen came home with me after gym, since we're in the same class. Hanneli and Sanne used to be my two best friends. People who saw us together used to say, "There goes Anne, Hanne and Sanne." I only met Jacqueline van Maarsen when I started at the Jewish Lyceum, and now she's my best friend. Ilse is Hanneli's best friend, and Sanne goes to another school and has friends there. They gave me a beautiful book, Dutch Sasas and Lesends, but they gave me Volume II by mistake, so I exchanged two other books for Volume I. Aunt Helene brought me a puzzle, Aunt Stephanie a darling brooch and Aunt Leny a terrific book: Daisy Goes to the Mountains. This morning I lay in the bathtub thinking how wonderful it would be if I had a dog like Rin Tin Tin. I'd call him Rin Tin Tin too, and I'd take him to school with me, where he could stay in the janitor's room or by the bicycle racks when the weather was good. 望采纳，谢谢！

Answer 3

安妮弗兰克