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探讨突发公共事件中强化政府诚信的途径政府在处置突发公共事件中面临着“以人为本,诚信至上”的新观念、新体制、新机制的挑战。根据党中央提出的“立党为公,执政为民”的总要求,各... 探讨突发公共事件中强化政府诚信的途径
政府在处置突发公共事件中面临着“以人为本,诚信至上”的新观念、新体制、新机制的挑战。根据党中央提出的“立党为公,执政为民”的总要求,各级政府只有进行全面改革创新,加强行政诚信建设,从根本上提高社会公信度,才能真正做到“权为民所用,情为民所系,利为民所谋”;要增强诚信意识,完善制度保障,理顺行政体制,坚持民主决策,严格依法行政,加强沟通协调,完善责任机制,强化监督制约,全面公开信息。政府在突发公共事件中诚信形象的塑造是一个动态的过程。随着公众心理期望的变化,各种信息的作用和社会舆论的发展,公众对政府的诚信要求会越来越高。政府诚信水平、服务水平、公共管理水平的高低已经成为衡量一个国家政治文明的重要标志。
一、增强诚信意识
思想是行动的先导。要在突发公共事件处置中树立起政府的诚信形象,就必须要增强各级政府及广大公务员的诚信意识。要全面加强诚信教育,牢固树立政府公务人员执政为民、诚信敬业的职业理念。中国正在全面加快社会主义小康社会建设,各级政府要尽快实现由原来的全能型政府向有限政府、服务型政府转变,广大公务人员要彻底摆脱“官本位”意识的影响,正确认识和对待手中的权力,全面体察民情,真心体恤民力,诚实守信,实实在在地为广大人民谋利益。要坚持想群众所想、急群众所急,凡是答应群众的事,都必须坚决办到,对群众作出的每一项承诺,都必须不折不扣地兑现,同广大人民群众要以诚相见、坦诚相待。
二、严格依法行政
突发事件严重威胁着社会的安全和利益,为及时有效地处置突发事件,各级政府必须严格依法行政。依法行政的目的不仅在于对政府的行政行为依法进行规范,防止权力的滥用和懈怠,并使受到不法行政行为侵害的公民权利及时得到补偿,而且也在于保证政府的行政管理活动的有效性和高效率,使其能够最大限度地发挥作用,使政府的工作赢得社会的信赖。在突发公共事件中,各级政府只有严格依法行政,才能有效保证应对工作的规范有序和协调统一,避免行动的盲目和措施的混乱,得到民众的信任和支持。为有效处置危机,在紧急状况下,还有可能对公民合法权利作必要的限制,这就尤其需要政府做到依法行政,严格按照法律规定的程序办事,遵守法定的操作规则,只有这样才能避免执法的不公和错误,减少不必要的纠纷和矛盾,维护好广大公民的合法权益,维护好政府在人民心中的良好形象。
三、加强沟通协调
在突发公共事件管理中,沟通是非常重要的基础性工作。客观方面,目前政府信息化能力较低,缺乏有效的信息支持系统和沟通机制,不能及时向社会发布准确的信息[2]。可以说没有有效的沟通协调,就不可能有高效的危机治理。突发公共事件中的沟通协调是政府部门在事件处理过程中,为了有效地管理危机所进行的信息、思想、情感及价值观等的传递与互动。政府需要通过有效的沟通,向民众传递正确的、正面的信息,告知民众政府正在采取的应对措施和政府对民众心理的理解,表明政府正在和民众一起奋力应对危机,要求民众按照政府的要求协调一致、同舟共济、共渡难关,以避免流言的滋生和扩散,安抚民众的心理,并取得民众的支持和信任。
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2009-05-22
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Discussion the way to strengthening Government's integrity in public crisis response
Government in dealing with public crises is now facing with a new concept "people-oriented, credibility first", the new system and the challenges of the new mechanism. According to the CPC Central Committee's the general requirements of "serving the public interests and governing for the people" . To really "right for the people , love the people, creating benefits for the people ",all levels of government can only conduct a comprehensive reform and innovation, strengthen the building of administrative integrity, and fundamentally improve the credibility; Government should increase awareness, improve system security, streamline the administrative system, adhere to democratic decision-making, in strict accordance with the administrative, communication and coordination to strengthen and improve the responsibility system, strengthen the supervisory mechanism, and a comprehensive public information. Crisis in the public image of good faith is a dynamic process. With the change of expectations of the public mental changes in the role of information and the development of public opinion, the public will be getting higher and higher requirements on the credibility of the Government. The level of government integrity, service level, the level of public administration has now become a country of an important symbol of political civilization.
First, to enhance awareness
Thinking is the precursor of action. Crisis in the disposal of the public to establish the image of the Government's credibility, it is necessary to enhance the civil servants at all levels of government and the general awareness. We must strengthen the integrity of education, firmly establish the governing for the people the government civil servants, the concept of good faith dedicated professional. China is to accelerate the pace of building a socialist well-off society, governments at all levels as soon as possible from all government to a limited government, service-oriented government changes, the majority of civil servants to be broken free from the "official position" awareness of the impact of correct understanding and treatment of the hands of power, a comprehensive understand the actual situation and financial resources of the people truly compassionate, honest and trustworthy, down-to-earth for the broadest number of people. To adhere to think like the masses, the masses of the acute urgency, all the things promised to the masses, must be resolutely done on each of the masses to make a commitment to the letter have to be fulfilled, with the broad masses of the people should be sincere with view, frank.
Second, in strict accordance with the Chief
Crisis, a serious threat to public safety and the interests of the community for timely and effective disposal of public crisis, governments at all levels must be in strict accordance with the Chief. The purpose of administration according to law is not only to the administrative acts of government to regulate in accordance with the law, prevent any abuse of power and slack, and by the unlawful administrative act promptly against the rights of citizens entitled to compensation, but also the administration of the Government is to ensure the effectiveness of the activities and high efficiency to enable it to maximize the role, so that the work of the Government won the trust of the community. In a public crisis, the only strictly in accordance with the law at all levels of government administration, to effectively deal with the work to ensure orderly, coherent and to avoid actions and measures for the blind chaos, the people's trust and support. In order to effectively dispose of the crisis in emergency situations, there may be legitimate right of citizens to make the necessary restrictions, which requires the Government to do according to law, strictly in accordance with procedures stipulated by law, to comply with the operation of the statutory rules, the only way to avoid injustice and an error of law enforcement to reduce unnecessary disputes and conflicts, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of citizens and maintaining good government in the hearts of the people a good image.
Third, to strengthen communication and coordination
In public management in crisis, communication is very important to the basic work. Objective, the current low capacity of government information, the lack of effective information support systems and communication mechanisms, not to the dissemination of accurate and timely information. It can be said that there is no effective communication and coordination, there can be no effective governance crisis. Crisis of public communication and co-ordination of government departments in the incident process, in order to effectively manage the crisis carried out by information, ideas, feelings and values, such as transmission and interaction. Government needs through effective communication, to send the right people, positive message to inform the public of the government is taking measures and the government of the people understand the psychology of the Government and the people are struggling to cope with the crisis, asked the public in accordance with the request of the Government co-ordination consistent, help each other to tide over the crisis in order to avoid the breeding and spread rumors, to appease people's psychology, and gain public support and trust.
Fourth, improve the accountability mechanisms
Government is not only a system-makers, it is the system of enforcement. System implementation, the Government can win the trust of the response, the key is whether the government fulfilled its duties. At present, all over the disposal of government departments in crisis, there are varying degrees of credibility, which is the responsibility of the Government with a sound evaluation mechanism is not closely related. China's current incentive and reward and punishment mechanism of dislocation there is a serious problem, often unsung, dedicated persons to avoid the crisis have not been given due recognition and reward, and dynamic solution to the crisis has become the elite and those heroes, the accountability system as a superior to subordinate a known fault of the punishment, the government and the responsibility of officials is limited to specific events, it seems no accident, not the responsibility of the occurrence, to the neglect of a serious and responsible only in peacetime in order to reduce accident the profound truth. Responsibility in such a mechanism, not prompted the Government to strictly perform their duties effectively to prevent the crisis early warning, but eager to deceive both superiors and subordinates to do the surface of an article at the time of crisis at all levels of government is the most rational behavior as far as possible "cover lid ", in a crisis before the first thought is how to hide the fact that the preservation of their own, rather than how the fastest time to resolve the crisis and to restore the losses. Therefore, we must improve and perfect the mechanism of crisis management responsibility.
Fifth, strengthen the supervision and restraint
Practice has proved that there is no constraint of power is the power to easily lead to corruption, it is easy to have faith in the power crisis. The special status of the Government's decision to the Government's credibility on the whole integrity of the enormous social impact of crisis in the public disposal process, only the government to do the good faith in order to facilitate and promote the integrity of the community as a whole. Only strengthen the supervision over government power in order to reduce the government's corruption and dishonesty. To further strengthen the work of governments at all levels of crisis management and legal supervision and administrative supervision to ensure that all levels of government really true in word and resolute in deed, a pragmatic response to the letter, to all the people real commitments to honor. Through an effective supervisory mechanism, and the timely processing and correct disposal of the Government in times of crisis and chaos is not as as to prevent abuse of power and denial of justice, the occurrence of such acts as abuse of power. To establish and improve all levels of government the power to run the binding mechanisms and checks and balances to minimize the acts of the Government's credibility. Would also like to play the supervisory functions of public opinion, to give news organizations a wide range of public crisis and comprehensive interview, investigation and reporting to allow all sectors of society to monitor government, and promote honest and trustworthy government and a government with honesty, trust good image of the people.
Sixth, a comprehensive public information
The time of the incident public crisis, the most direct and most central links of the Government’s duty in credibility is to give the full disclosure of information The disposal of public crisis has obvious emergency and different stage , and in the disposal of the Government , it needs a wide and quick exchange of information between the people and the Government. Government is the representative of public authority, while public crisis contains great uncertainties, it pose a serious threat to the operation of the system of society, people's lives and property .the general public access to government information will become more necessary, therefore, the information disclosure of the Government in public crisis is vital to the entire crisis in the fundamental aspect of control. When face to the sudden major disasters, or critical incidents, if the government information is not lack of public or open, all kinds of rumors, gossip will spread and to disturb people and cause social panic, and the Government would lose its promise to make the situation more volatile throughout the crisis. If on the contrary, comprehensive and timely crisis information released to the community, it will allow people to stay away from rumors, to overcome the panic and reduce uncertainties, and to form the positive interaction between Government and the public, strengthen the cohesion and credibility of the government in public. Timely and comprehensive information disclosure between the government and the people would establish an effective communication channels, and to increase the public's trust in government, to inspire the public with the Government to overcome the crisis of confidence in the firm. Frank and open dare to the crisis of information is also a governmental capacity and external manifestation of self-confidence, not only to meet the aspirations of the people's right to know, but also the Government would shape the image of honesty and good credit. Government in the disposal of the public crisis should strictly enforce the "People's Republic of China Government Information Disclosure Bill", and to further strengthen the government’s responsibility in information disclosure in public crisis, to strengthen he supervision of information disclosure in public crisis, to protect the citizens, legal persons and other organizations to obtain information in accordance with the law, to ensure that scientific and efficient disposal of public events to promote the building of a harmonious socialist society is of great practical significance.
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The approach government who strengthens the sincere message of government in discussing unexpected common event is confronted with "people-oriented , sincere supreme " new message concept , the new system , new mechanism in dealing with unexpected common event challenge. Party is public according to "standing on that the Central Committee of the Party brings forward, general call for being in power for the people ", the all of the various levels government is innovative only when carrying out all comprehensive reform , the sincere sharpening administration message builds, from improving public society message degree fundamentally, ability achieves really "being used by people tentatively , feeling is by people , the interest rate is planned by people"; Be going to strengthen sincere message mental consciousness , to perfect the system guarantee , to rationalize administration system , to insist on a democratic decision-making , to perform official duties according to law strictly , to reinforce link coordination up , perfect responsibility mechanism , to strengthen superintend restraint , all-round open information. That the government believes the image molding really in unexpected common event is a dynamic process. The change expecting that with the public mentality , development of various information effect and public opinion, sincere message demand of the public to the government will be more and more high. The government believes that level , standard of service , common control level height already become the important sign measuring a country political civilization really. One, strengthens the guide who believes that being aware of thought is action really. Ask sincerity dealing with middle setting up up the government in unexpected common event to believe an image , must ask the sincerity strengthening the all of the various levels government and the extensive government functionary to believe mental consciousness right away. Be going to reinforce sincere message education all round , solid occupation idea setting up the government functionary of government being in power for the people , sincere message offer a job politely. China accelerates socialism well-to-do society construction in course of all round , the all of the various levels government wants as soon as possible, to realize by the original all-round type government to the limited government , serve type government turn around , the extensive government functionary wants to shake off the effect that "official rank considered to be the sole criterion of worth " is aware of completely , the sincerity knowing and being ready to experience and having an understanding of public feelings treat a power in the hand , all-round rightness understand and sympathize with financial resources of the people , honesty and trustworthiness , are that extensive people seeks benefit down-to-earthly. Need to persist in missing what what the masses thinks of , worries the masses worries , every promise the masses thing , must accomplish determinedly, correct every item promise that the masses makes, must cash hundred-percently, same broad masses of the people wants to meet with sincerity , frank appearance waits for. Unexpected event is threatening society's safety and benefit two, strictly perform official duties according to law gravely , is to deal with unexpected event in time effectively, the all of the various levels government must perform official duties according to law strictly. The purpose performing official duties according to law depends on behavior carries out a norm on government's administration according to law not only , guard against the authority abusing and slack, make the civil rights accepting illegal administration behavior encroachment get make up for in time and , also depend on administration of the guarantee government manages flexible validity and high efficiency and , make the person can the high limit field produces a marked effect , make government's job win society's trusting. In unexpected common event, the all of the various levels government performs official duties according to law only when strict , ability has an effect to ensure that the norm answering a job is ordered and harmonizes an unification, avoid blindness acting and the measure chaos , be in public's confidence and hold out. Be under the emergency have an effect to deal with crisis, still have possibility doing necessary restricting to citizen lawful right, be requiring that the government achieves performing official duties according to law especially right now, handle affairs strictly according to the legal rules procedure , observe legal operation regulation , only have such ability avoiding the unfair and mistake enforcing the law , cut down the unnecessary dispute and contradiction , finish defending extensive civil lawful rights and interests , finish defending the fine government image at the people's heart. Three, reinforce linking coordination up managing middle in unexpected common event, communicate with being that the very important basis works. Objective aspect, at present government information the ability is lower , is short of effective information supporting system and linking mechanism up , can not announce accurate information in time to society [2]. Can say communicating with not having You You Xiao being in harmony , crisis having high-effect right away impossibly governing. Unexpected common event hits the target in the process of event treatment linking coordination up being government departments , transfers and moves mutually for managing information , thought , emotion and outlook on values etc. carried out by crisis effectively. The government needs to pass effective communicating with , transferring correct , positive information toward public , inform measure and the government make of to public mentality of answering that the public government adopts in course of, indicating the government is sparing no effort to answer crisis together with the public , requiring that the public helps each other when in the same condition , tides over the difficulties , weather the hard times according to that government's call for coheres ,to avoid the gossip propagating and the mentality diffusing , appeasing a public's , get and public's support and trust.
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Sudden public events to explore the Government to strengthen the integrity of the way
Emergency disposal of the Government in the face of public events "people-oriented, credibility first" new concept, the new system, the challenges of the new mechanism. According to the CPC Central Committee's "serving the public interests and governing for the people," the general requirements of all levels of government only to conduct a comprehensive reform and innovation, strengthen the building of administrative integrity, and fundamentally improve the credibility to really "right for the people , love the people, creating benefits for the people "; to increase awareness, improve system security, streamline the administrative system, adhere to democratic decision-making, in strict accordance with the administrative, communication and coordination to strengthen and improve the responsibility
Any mechanism, strengthen the supervisory mechanism, and a comprehensive public information. Government in the event of sudden public image of good faith is a dynamic process. With the expectations of the public mental changes in the role of information and the development of public opinion, the public credibility of the Government will be getting higher and higher requirements. The level of government integrity, service level, the level of public administration has become a country of an important symbol of political civilization.
First, to enhance awareness
Thinking is the precursor of action. Unexpected events in the disposal of the public to establish the image of the Government's credibility, it is necessary to enhance the civil servants at all levels of government and the general awareness. We must strengthen the integrity of education, firmly establish the governing for the people the government civil servants, the concept of good faith dedicated professional. China is to accelerate the pace of building a socialist well-off society, governments at all levels as soon as possible from all government to a limited government, service-oriented government changes, the majority of civil servants to be broken free from the "official position" awareness of the impact of correct understanding and treatment of the hands of the power of the people fully understand,
Financial resources of the people truly compassionate, honest and trustworthy, down-to-earth for the broadest number of people. To adhere to think like the masses, the masses of the acute urgency, all the things promised to the masses, must be resolutely done on each of the masses to make a commitment to the letter have to be fulfilled, with the broad masses of the people should be sincere with view, frank.
Second, in strict accordance with the Chief
Incidents of a serious threat to the safety and interests of the community for timely and effective handling emergencies, governments at all levels must be in strict accordance with the Chief. The purpose of administration according to law is not only to the administrative acts of government to regulate in accordance with the law, prevent any abuse of power and slack, and by the unlawful administrative act promptly against the rights of citizens entitled to compensation, but also the administration of the Government is to ensure the effectiveness of the activities and high efficiency to enable it to maximize the role, so that the work of the Government won the trust of the community. In case of sudden public incidents, only in strict accordance with all levels of government administration, to effectively deal with workers to ensure
Orderly and the specification for the harmonization of actions to avoid the chaos of blind and measures by the public's trust and support. In order to effectively dispose of the crisis in emergency situations, there may be legitimate right of citizens to make the necessary restrictions, which requires the Government to do according to law, strictly in accordance with procedures stipulated by law, to comply with the operation of the statutory rules, the only way to avoid injustice and an error of law enforcement to reduce unnecessary disputes and conflicts, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of citizens and maintaining good government in the hearts of the people a good image.
Third, to strengthen communication and coordination
In the management of public emergency, communication is very important to the basic work. Objective, the current low capacity of government information, the lack of effective information support systems and communication mechanisms, not to the dissemination of accurate and timely information [2]. It can be said that there is no effective communication and coordination, there can be no effective governance crisis. Public emergency communication and co-ordination of government departments in the incident process, in order to effectively manage the crisis carried out by information, ideas, feelings and values, such as transmission and interaction. Government needs through effective communication to the public
Send the right and positive message to inform the public of the government is taking measures and the government of the people understand the psychology of the Government and the people are struggling to cope with the crisis, asked the public in accordance with the request of the Government coordinated, help each other to tide over the crisis in order to avoid the breeding and spread rumors, to appease people's psychology, and gain public support and trust
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Discussed in public emergencies of government credit
The government in public emergencies faces "people-oriented, sincerity" the new concept, the new system, new challenges. According to the central committee of the party, the people "and" only reform at all levels of the government credibility, strengthens the administrative innovation, improved fundamentally only, can truly society, "the power used for the, the", To strengthen the credit consciousness, improve the system guarantee, rationalize administrative system, adhere to the democratic decision-making, strictly in accordance with the administrative, strengthen communication and coordination, perfecting supervision mechanism, strengthen the responsibility, comprehensive public information. The government in public emergencies feel that the image is a dynamic process. As the public psychology expects changes, all kinds of information and the development of social public opinion to the government, the public credibility requirements will be more and more high. The government credit level and service level, and public management level of a country has become an important mark of political civilization.
A, enhance the credit consciousness
Thought is the forerunner of action. In public emergency should establish the disposal of the government credibility image, we must strengthen government entities at all levels and the general public awareness of integrity. To strengthen overall integrity education, establish firmly the government official power for the people, the good faith is professional career. China is fully accelerate socialist construction of well-off society, the government at all levels should be realized as soon as possible by the government to the perimeter of limited government, service-oriented government transformation, the official to cast "ranking of consciousness, correctly recognizing and treating power, providing comprehensive, sincere, honest, MinLi sympathized with the truth for the benefit of the people. Insist to people, people, people who have to rush things, it must be firmly to the masses, make a commitment, each must faithfully with cash, the masses will meet with sincerity, honesty.
Second, the strict administration according to law
Emergencies seriously threatened the security and interest of the society, to timely and effectively emergencies, governments at all levels must strictly in accordance with the administrative. According to the aim is not only to the administrative law of administrative behavior of the government to regulate, prevent abuse of power and slack, and that is unlawful infringement of citizens' rights of administrative behavior, but also to get compensation is that the government administrative activities of the effectiveness and efficiency, which can maximize the effect, make the government work won trust. In public emergencies, governments strictly in accordance with the administrative, only can effectively guarantee the work of an orderly and harmonious and unified, avoid blind and measures of action, get people's trust and support. For effective disposal crisis in emergency situations, and for the citizens' legal rights may be necessary restriction, especially need government administration according to law, strictly in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law, and observe statutory regulations, only such ability avoid enforcement of injustice and mistakes and avoid unnecessary disputes and conflicts, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, maintain good government in people's hearts.
Third, strengthen communication and coordination
In public emergency management, communication is very important work. Objective aspect, at present the government information capacity is low, the lack of effective information system and communication mechanisms, cannot promptly to the accurate information [2]. No effective communication, there can be no effective crisis management. Public emergencies of communication is a government department in the event handling process, in order to effectively manage the crisis information, ideas, feelings, and the transmission of values, etc. The government needs to communicate effectively through the right people, transfer, positive information, told people government is taking measures and the government of the people, shows that the psychological and people struggling with coping crisis, according to the requirements of government public demands consistent, extend the crisis, which, in order to avoid gossip and diffusion, placate public psychology, and obtain the support and trust.
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