Question

急求翻译2~

Neomycin (Fig. 1a) is a widely used broad spectrum, water soluble aminoglycoside antibiotic, produced during the fermen-tation of Streptomycesfradie. It inhibits the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. It has a narrow therapeutic range, is potentially toxic, like other aminoglycosides and may cause oto-and nephrotoxicity [1,2]. Polymyxin B (Fig. 1b), in contrasttoneomycin,isacomplexofcloselyrelateddecapeptide antibiotic, which belongs to the group of polymyxin antibiotics isolated from various strains of Bacilluspolymyxaand related species. Its sulfate salt is used for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria [3,4]. A combination of these antibiotics in a liquid formulation, together with other active ingredients or auxiliary substances, is used for instillation into the eye or the ear [5,6].
There have been numerous publications describing various methods for the determination of neomycin and polymyxin B in different pharmaceutical formulations individually and in combination with other active ingredients. Polymyxin B has been determined spectrophotometrically by derivative and multivariate calibration techniques [7,8], by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [3,5,9–12], by thin-layer chro-matography (TLC) [13], and also by capillary electrophoresis (CE)[4,14–17].Duetothelackofachromophoreorfluorophore in neomycin molecule, the direct detection by conventionally spectrophotometricmethodisdifficult [1,18].Standardmethods for neomycin analysis usually employ biologically based on detection procedures, which determine the total antibiotic activity in a sample compare to the reference standard [2,19]. Alternative methods of analysis have included HPLC and, recently, CE with either pre-or post-column derivatization or electrochemical detection [1,2,5,20]. To date, however, only a few methods have been described in the literatures for the simultaneous determination of neomycin and polymyxin B. The microbiological methods often proceeded by a chromatographic procedure to isolation the individual constituents are of great importance[6,21].Athin-layerchromatographic–densitometric method has also been described recently [6]. However, these methods are laborious and time-consuming. Therefore, a simple, rapid and reliable analysis method is required.

Answer 1

新霉素（图1A ）款是一种广泛使用的广谱，水溶性氨基糖甙类抗生素，过程中产生fermen突变的Streptomycesfradie 。它抑制革兰阴性和革兰氏阳性菌。它有一个狭窄的治疗范围，可能是有毒的，像其他氨基糖苷类，而且可能导致耳和肾毒性[ 1,2 ] 。多粘菌素B （图1b ）向在contrasttoneomycin ， isacomplexofcloselyrelateddecapeptide抗生素，属于该集团的多粘菌素抗生素分离各种株Bacilluspolymyxaand相关物种。其盐是用于治疗感染革兰氏阴性菌[ 3,4 ] 。综合运用这些抗生素的液体配方，再加上其他活性成分或辅助药物，用于灌输到眼部或耳朵[ 5,6 ] 。

有许多出版物描述了各种方法，以确定新霉素和多粘菌素B在不同的制药配方单独和与其他活性成分。多粘菌素B已确定分光导数和多变量校正技术[ 7,8 ] ，高效液相色谱法（ HPLC ） [ 3,5,9-12 ] ，薄层色谱（薄层色谱） [ 13 ] ，并用毛细管电泳（ CE认证） [ 4,14-17 ] 。 Duetothelackofachromophoreorfluorophore在新霉素分子，直接检测的常规spectrophotometricmethodisdifficult [ 1,18 ] 。 Standardmethods的新霉素分析通常采用生物检测程序的基础上，确定的总抗菌活性样本比较的参照标准[ 2,19 ] 。其他方法，包括高效液相色谱法分析，最近，行政长官或者前或柱后衍生或电化学检测[ 1,2,5,20 ] 。然而，迄今为止，只有少数方法已文献中所描述的同时测定新霉素和多粘菌素B的微生物方法常常进行了色谱程序孤立的个别成分是非常重要的[ 6,21 ] 。 Athin - layerchromatographic -密度的方法也被称为最近[ 6 ] 。然而，这些方法是费力费时。因此，简单，快速和可靠的分析方法是必要的。