Question

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我国目前大部分油田天然能量不充足，需要进行注水开发。通过人工向油层注水保持油层压力来开发油田。实践也表明，注水开发油田，可以获得较高的最终采收率。
针对耿32区块的注水开发现状，本文通过参考大量国内外文献，结合国内外注水开发研究历史和现状，通过对耿32区块的生产数据进行分析调研，对耿32区块的注水开发水驱特征规律进行了较系统的研究。
耿32井区目前注水开发存在以下问题：能量分布不均，低压区含水持续上升，单井产能损失严重，部分井有采无注，水驱控制程度低等。因此，进行耿32区块注水开发水驱特征规律的研究具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。
本论文在分析研究了耿32区块地质条件和开发动态特征的基础上，主要完成了以下的研究工作并取得相应的研究成果。①进行了注水开发井见效特征研究，分析开发井见效情况以及见效时间。②进行见水特征研究，分析哪些油井见水，并得出见水时间以及分析见水原因。③通过对反映注水开发油田水驱开发效果的六个指标（水驱储量动用程度、含水率与采出程度关系、存水率、体积波及系数、采出程度与注入倍数关系）的计算分析，对区块注水开发进行了分析评价，并通过甲型和丙型水驱曲线对区块可采储量进行预测。④分析影响该井区水驱特征规律的主要因素，确定合适的开发模式。
通过对耿32区块的注水开发水驱特征规律的研究，总结出了其水驱特征规律，认清影响该井区水驱特征规律的主要因素。这对于提高油藏注水采油效率，以及制定油藏合理的注水开发方式具有重要的指导意义。

Answer 1

Most of China's natural energy field is not sufficient, the need for water development. Through artificial water injection to maintain reservoir pressure to develop oil fields. Practice also shows that the development of oil field water injection to obtain a higher ultimate recovery.
Geng 32 blocks for the status of the development of the water, this article by referring to a large number of domestic and foreign literature, research and development at home and abroad and injection history and the status quo, Geng 32 blocks of data to analyze the production of research, Geng 32 blocks of the development of water injection Flooding characteristics of a more systematic study.
Geng zone, 32 water injection wells to develop the following issues: uneven distribution of energy, water-bearing area of low pressure continued to rise, single well production has suffered serious losses, and some wells have taken no note, low degree of control of water flooding. Thus, 32 blocks Geng waterflood injection characteristics of the development of the research has important theoretical and practical application value.
This paper analyzed and studied in 32 blocks Geng geological conditions and the dynamic characteristics of the development on the basis of the completion of the following major research and obtain the corresponding research results. ① a water injection wells to develop the characteristics of effective research, analysis and development wells effective time effect. ② water to see the characteristics of research, analysis of well water, and come to see time as well as the analysis of water causes water. ③ Development of water to reflect the development of oil field water flooding effect of the six indicators (the use of water reserves, the extent of flooding, moisture content and the relationship between the degree of recovery, water rates, the volume of sweep efficiency, the degree of recovery into a multiple relationship with) the calculation and analysis, to block the development of a water analysis and evaluation, and Type A and Type C water drive curve of the block to predict recoverable reserves. ④ Analysis of the impact zone of the well water flooding characteristics of the main factors to determine the appropriate development model.
Geng 32 blocks through the development of water flooding of the water characteristics of the study, summed up the characteristics of the water-drive laws, a clear understanding of the impact zone of the well water flooding characteristics of the main factors. This is to improve the efficiency of reservoir water extraction, as well as the development of the water reservoir to develop a reasonable manner is an important guiding significance.