Question

一段英语翻译(计算机网络）

(谢绝~网页翻译等不付责任的结果，如果好可以再追分，谢谢了）
there are many examples of how overload causes congestion.For example ,one possible way to achieve high throughput in a network might be to have all the sources packets as fast as they can,so that bottleneck network links run at close to 100% utilization. while this seems reasonable,a little thought shows that this approach is self-defeating.All it really accomplishes are long packet queues and resultant end-to-end delays,as well as increased packet loss rates, which for a reliable end-to-end transport layer would cause a large number of retransmissions.This is therefore quite the wrong thing to do to obtain good network throughput.this example also demonstrates the fundamental tension between achieving high link utilizations on the one hand(by transmitting data rapidly),and low delays and loss rates on the other (which increase if data is sent too rapidly ).
This notion of how increasing offered load to achieve high utilization is at odds with packet losses and delays is illustrated in Figure 2.This figure shows a schematic view of throughput as a function of the offered load on the network .Initially,at low levels of offered load,throughput is roughly proportional to offered load,because the network is under-utilized ,Then,throughput plateaus at a value euqal to the bottleneck link bandwidth because packets start getting queued.

Answer 1

有许多例子，说明超载原因congestion.For例如，一个可能的方式，以实现高吞吐量的网络可能是使所有的数据包的来源，他们可以快速，以便瓶颈网络连接运行在接近100 ％的利用率。虽然这似乎是合理的，有点想表明，这种做法是自我完成defeating.All真的是长期排队的现象和由此产生的数据包的端到端延迟，并增加丢包率，这对一个可靠的端到端的解决方案，结束传输层将导致大量的retransmissions.This因此十分错误的做法取得良好的网络throughput.this的例子也表明了基本实现高之间的紧张关系联系起来的利用一方面（由数据传输快速） ，以及低利率的延误和损失的其他（增加如果数据传送速度过快） 。
这一概念的提出如何增加负荷，以实现高利用率不符合包损失和延误的说明图2.This数字显示原理鉴于吞吐量作为一个功能提供负载网络。最初，在低级别的提供负载吞吐量大约是成正比提供负载，因为网络是利用不足，那么，吞吐量高原价值euqal的瓶颈链路带宽，因为数据包开始接收队列

Answer 2

这里有许多例子关于超载是如何引起网络拥堵的。...

I'm so sorry about it as I am a beginner.

分还是你自个儿留着吧，什么样的能力胜任什么样的任务，在下爱莫能助。

Answer 3

there are many examples of how overload causes congestion.For example ,one possible way to achieve high throughput in a network might be to have all the sources packets as fast as they can,so that bottleneck network links run at close to 100% utilization. while this seems reasonable,a little thought shows that this approach is self-defeating.All it really accomplishes are long packet queues and resultant end-to-end delays,as well as increased packet loss rates, which for a reliable end-to-end transport layer would cause a large number of retransmissions.This is therefore quite the wrong thing to do to obtain good network throughput.this example also demonstrates the fundamental tension between achieving high link utilizations on the one hand(by transmitting data rapidly),and low delays and loss rates on the other (which increase if data is sent too rapidly ).
This notion of how increasing offered load to achieve high utilization is at odds with packet losses and delays is illustrated
有许多例子，说明超载原因congestion.For例如，一个可能的方式，以实现高吞吐量的网络可能是使所有的数据包的来源，他们可以快速，以便瓶颈网络连接运行在接近100 ％的利用率。虽然这似乎是合理的，有点想表明，这种做法是自我完成defeating.All真的是长期排队的现象和由此产生的数据包的端到端延迟，并增加丢包率，这对一个可靠的端到端的解决方案，结束传输层将导致大量的retransmissions.This因此十分错误的做法取得良好的网络throughput.this的例子也表明了基本实现高之间的紧张关系联系起来的利用一方面（由数据传输快速） ，以及低利率的延误和损失的其他（增加如果数据传送速度过快） 。

这一概念的提出如何增加负荷，以实现高利用率不符合包损失和延误的说明

Answer 4

There are many examples of how overload causes congestion.
很多事例表明超负荷会造成拥塞.

For example, one possibly way to achieve high throughput on a network might be to have all the sources packets as fast as they can, so that bottlenet network links run at close to 100% utilization.
举个例子,要达到网络的高生产里,一条可行的方法是尽快得去持有全部的资源包,使得网络连接瓶颈处于接近100%的应用率中运行.

while this seems reasonable,a little thought shows that this approach is self-defeating.
虽然这方法看似可行,但如果想深一步,就会发现这方法其实自我矛盾.

All it really accomplishes are long packet queues and resultant end-to-end delays,as well as increased packet loss rates, which for a reliable end-to-end transport layer would cause a large number of retransmissions.
这方法达到的其实只是长包裹列队(long packet queues),端到端的延迟,和包裹遗失率,在这种情况下端到端运输层就会导致很多的二次传输.

This is therefore quite the wrong thing to do to obtain good network throughput.
这就是为什么取得高网络生产力其实不是正确的做法.

this example also demonstrates the fundamental tension between achieving high link utilizations on the one hand(by transmitting data rapidly),and low delays and loss rates on the other (which increase if data is sent too rapidly ).
这个例子同时也证明根本矛盾其实存在于,取得高效连接利用率(快速的传送信息),和延迟和流失率的减少上(这两个会随着利用率的增加而增加).

This notion of how increasing offered load to achieve high utilization is at odds with packet losses and delays is illustrated in Figure 2.
在图片2里的概念表明,使得利用率增加的负荷,是跟包裹流失和延迟相对立的.

This figure shows a schematic view of throughput as a function of the offered load on the network .
这图片也从一个示意性的角度去解释生产力示是怎样作为网络上的负荷的其中一个功能.

Initially,at low levels of offered load,throughput is roughly proportional to offered load,because the network is under-utilized ,
从最开始,在低水平的负荷中,生产力是跟负荷成正比的,因为网络处于不完全使用状态中.

Then,throughput plateaus at a value euqal to the bottleneck link bandwidth because packets start getting queued.
之后,生产力上升到一个稳定的水平,并处于跟宽带连接瓶颈相同的水平,这是因为包裹已经开始列队了.

老实说我也不懂什么意思,应该是关于网路传输的知识吧.

但我确是一字一句的用自己英文知识翻译的,绝没有用什么翻译软件.

希望帮到你吧.