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因式分解练习题
140.m2(p-q)-p+q
141.(2m+3n)(2m-n)-4n(2m-n).
142.(x+2y)2-x2-2xy.
143.a(ab+bc+ac)-abc.
144.ab-a-b+1.
145.xyz-xy-xz+x-yz+y+z-1.
146.x4-2y4-2x3y+xy3.
148.abc(a2+b2+c2)-a3bc+2ab2c2.
149.(a-b-c)(a+b-c)-(b-c-a)(b+c-a).
150.a2(b-c)+b2(c-a)+c2(a-b).
a(a+b)(a-b)-a(a+b)2.
152.(x2-2x)2+2x(x-2)+1.
153.2acd-c2a-ad2.
154.(x-y)2+12(y-x)z+36z2.
156.x2-4ax+8ab-4b2.
157.a2b2+c2d2-2abcd+2ab-2cd+1.
158.(ax+by)2+(ay-bx)2+2(ax+by)(ay-bx).
160.(1-a2)(1-b2)-(a2-1)2(b2-1)2.
161.3x4-48y4.
162.(x+1)2-9(x-1)2.
163.(x2+pq)2-(p+q)2x2.
164.(1+2xy)2-(x2+y2)2.
165.4a2b2-(a2+b2)2.
166.4a2b2-(a2+b2-c2)2.
167.(c2-a2-b2)2-4a2b2.
168.(x2-b2+y2-a2)2-4(ab-xy)2.
169.64a4(x+1)2-49b4(x+1)4.
170.ab2-ac2+4ac-4a.
171.4a2-c2+6ab+3bc.
172.x3n+y3n.
174.(x+y)3+125.
176.(m-n)6-(m+n)6.
177.(x+1)6-(x-1)6.
178.a12-b12.
179.(z-x)3-(y+z)3.
180.(3m-2n)3+(3m+2n)3.
181.x6(x2-y2)+y6(y2-x2).
182.8(x+y)3+1.
183.(a-1)3-(b+1)3.
184.(a+b+c)3-a3-b3-c3.
185.x2+4xy+3y2.
186.x2y2-18xy+65.
187.x2+18x-144.
188.x2+30x+144.
189.x4+2x2-8.
190.3x4+6x2-9.
191.-m4+18m2-17.
192.3x4-7x2y2-20y4.
193.x5-2x3-8x.
194.a3-5a2b-300ab2.
195.x8+19x5-216x2.
196.6a4n+k-a2n+k-35ak.
199.30x2+8xy-182y2.
200.m4+14m2-15.
140.(p-q)(m-1)(m+1).
141.(2m-n)2.
142.2y(x+2y).
143.a2(b+c).
144.(b-1)(a-1).
145.(x-1)(y-1)(z-1).
提示:方法一 原式=x(yz-y-z+1)-(yz-y-z+1)
=(yz-y-z+1)(x-1)
=[y(z-1)-(z-1)](x-1)
=(x-1)(y-1)(z-1).
方法二 原式=xy(z-1)-x(z-1)-y(z-1)+(z-1)
=(xy-x-y+1)(z-1)
=[x(y-1)-(y-1)](z-1)
=(x-1)(y-1)(z-1).
146.(x-2y)(x+y)(x2-xy+y2).
提示:方法一 原式=x(x3+y3)-2y(x3+y3)
=(x3+y3)(x-2y)
=(x-2y)(x+y)(x2-xy+y2).
方法二 原式=x3(x-2y)+y3(x-2y)
=(x-2y)(x3+y3)
=(x-2y)(x+y)(x2-xy+y2).
148.abc(b+c)2.
提示:原式=abc(a2+b2+c2-a2+2bc).
149.2(b-c)(a-b-c).
提示:原式=(a-b-c)(a+b-c)+(a-b-c)(b-c-a)
=(a-b-c)[(a+b-c)+(b-c-a)]
=2(b-c)(a-b-c).
150.(a-b)(b-c)(a-c).
提示:原式=a2b-a2c+b2c-ab2+c2(a-b)
=(a2b-ab2)-(a2c-b2c)+c2(a-b)
=ab(a-b)-c(a2-b2)+c2(a-b)
=(a-b)[ab-c(a+b)+c2]
=(a-b)[a(b-c)-c(b-c)]
=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c).
提示:原式=a(a+b)[a-b-(a+b)]=a(a+b)(-2b)
=-2ab(a+b);
152.(x-1)4.
提示:原式=[x(x-2)]2+2•x(x-2)+12
=[x(x-2)+1]2=(x2-2x+1)2
=(x-1)4.
153.-a(c-d)2.
154.(x-y-6z)2.
156.(x-2b)(x-4a+2b).
157.(ab-cd+1)2.
提示:原式=(a2b2-2abcd+c2d2)+2(ab-cd)+1
=(ab-cd)2+2(ab-cd)+1
=(ab-cd+1)2.
158.(ax+by+ay-bx)2.
160.(1+a)(1-a)(1+b)(1-b)(a2+b2-a2b2).
161.3(x2+4y2)(x+2y)(x-2y).
162.4(2x-1)(2-x).
163.(x2+px+qx+pq)(x2-px-qx+pq).
164.(1+x-y)(1-x+y)(x2+y2+2xy+1).
165.-(a+b)2(a-b)2.
166.(a+b+c)(a+b-c)(c+a-b)(c-a+b).
提示:原式=(2ab+a2+b2-c2)(2ab-a2-b2+c2)
=[(a+b)2-c2][c2-(a-b)2]
=(a+b+c)(a+b-c)(c+a-b)(c-a+b).
167.(c+a-b)(c-a+b)(c+a+b)(c-a-b).
168.(x+y+a+b)(x+y-a-b)(x-y+a-b)(x-y-a+b).
提示:原式=(x2-b2+y2-a2+2ab-2xy)(x2-b2+y2-a2-2ab+2xy)
=[(x2-2xy+y2)-(a2-2ab+b2)][(x2+2xy+y2)
-(a2+2ab+b2)]
=[(x-y)2-(a-b)2][(x+y)2-(a+b)2]
=(x-y+a-b)(x-y-a+b)(x+y+a+b)(x+y-a-b).
169.(x+1)2(8a2+7b2x+7b2)(8a2-7b2x-7b2).
170.a(b-c+2)(b+c-2).
提示:原式=a(b2-c2+4c-4)
=a(b2-c2+2b-2b+2c+2c-4)
=a[(b-c)(b+c)-2(b-c)+2(b+c)-4]
=a[(b-c)+2][(b+c)-2].
171.(2a+c)(2a-c+3b).
172.(xn+yn)(x2n-xnyn+y2n).
174.(x+y+5)(x2+2xy+y2-5x-5y+25).
176.-4mn(3n2+m2)(3m2+n2).
提示:原式=[(m-n)3]2-[(m+n)3]2
=[(m-n)3+(m+n)3][(m-n)3-(m+n)3]
=2m[(m-n)2-(m-n)(m+n)(m+n)2]
×{-2n[(m-n)2+(m-n)(m+n)+(m+n)2]}
=-4mn(m2+3n2)(3m2+n2).
177.4x(x2+3)(3x2+1).
提示:原式=[(x+1)3]2-[(x-1)3]2
=[(x+1)3+(x-1)3][(x+1)3-(x-1)3]
=2x[(x+1)2-(x+1)(x-1)+(x-1)2]
×2[(x+1)2+(x+1)(x-1)+(x-1)2]
=4x(x2+3)(3x2+1).
178.(a-b)(a+b)(a2+b2)(a2+ab+b2)(a2-ab+b2)(a4-a2b2+b4).
提示:原式=(a6)2-(b6)2=(a6+b6)(a6-b6)
=[(a2)3+(b2)3][(a3)2-(b3)2]
=(a2+b2)(a4-a2b2+b4)(a3+b3)(a3-b3).
179.-(x+y)(x2+y2+3z2-xy+3yz-3xz).
180.18m(3m2+4n2).
181.(x+y)2(x-y)2(x2-xy+y2)(x2+xy+y2).
提示:原式=(x2-y2)(x6-y6)
=(x+y)(x-y)(x3+y3)(x3-y3).
182.(2x+2y+1)(4x2+8xy+4y2-2x-2y+1).
183.(a-b-2)(a2+ab+b2-a+b+1).
184.3(b+c)(a+b)(c+a).
提示:原式=[(a+b+c)3-a3]-(b3+c3).
185.(x+3y)(x+y).
186.(xy-13)(xy-5).
187.(x-6)(x+24).
188.(x+6)(x+24).
189.(x2-2)(x2+4).
190.3(x2+3)(x+1)(x-1).
191.(m2-17)(1+m)(1-m).
192.(3x2+5y2)(x+2y)(x-2y).
193.x(x+2)(x-2)(x2+2).
194.a(a-20b)(a+15b).
195.x2(x+3)(x2-3x+9)(x-2)(x2+2x+4).
提示:原式=x2(x6+19x3-216)
=x2(x3+27)(x3-8)
=x3(x+3)(x2-3x+9)(x-2)(x2+2x+4).
196.ak(2a2n-5)(3a2n+7).
199.2(3x-7y)(5x+13y).
200.(m2+15)(m+1)(m-1).
140.m2(p-q)-p+q
141.(2m+3n)(2m-n)-4n(2m-n).
142.(x+2y)2-x2-2xy.
143.a(ab+bc+ac)-abc.
144.ab-a-b+1.
145.xyz-xy-xz+x-yz+y+z-1.
146.x4-2y4-2x3y+xy3.
148.abc(a2+b2+c2)-a3bc+2ab2c2.
149.(a-b-c)(a+b-c)-(b-c-a)(b+c-a).
150.a2(b-c)+b2(c-a)+c2(a-b).
a(a+b)(a-b)-a(a+b)2.
152.(x2-2x)2+2x(x-2)+1.
153.2acd-c2a-ad2.
154.(x-y)2+12(y-x)z+36z2.
156.x2-4ax+8ab-4b2.
157.a2b2+c2d2-2abcd+2ab-2cd+1.
158.(ax+by)2+(ay-bx)2+2(ax+by)(ay-bx).
160.(1-a2)(1-b2)-(a2-1)2(b2-1)2.
161.3x4-48y4.
162.(x+1)2-9(x-1)2.
163.(x2+pq)2-(p+q)2x2.
164.(1+2xy)2-(x2+y2)2.
165.4a2b2-(a2+b2)2.
166.4a2b2-(a2+b2-c2)2.
167.(c2-a2-b2)2-4a2b2.
168.(x2-b2+y2-a2)2-4(ab-xy)2.
169.64a4(x+1)2-49b4(x+1)4.
170.ab2-ac2+4ac-4a.
171.4a2-c2+6ab+3bc.
172.x3n+y3n.
174.(x+y)3+125.
176.(m-n)6-(m+n)6.
177.(x+1)6-(x-1)6.
178.a12-b12.
179.(z-x)3-(y+z)3.
180.(3m-2n)3+(3m+2n)3.
181.x6(x2-y2)+y6(y2-x2).
182.8(x+y)3+1.
183.(a-1)3-(b+1)3.
184.(a+b+c)3-a3-b3-c3.
185.x2+4xy+3y2.
186.x2y2-18xy+65.
187.x2+18x-144.
188.x2+30x+144.
189.x4+2x2-8.
190.3x4+6x2-9.
191.-m4+18m2-17.
192.3x4-7x2y2-20y4.
193.x5-2x3-8x.
194.a3-5a2b-300ab2.
195.x8+19x5-216x2.
196.6a4n+k-a2n+k-35ak.
199.30x2+8xy-182y2.
200.m4+14m2-15.
140.(p-q)(m-1)(m+1).
141.(2m-n)2.
142.2y(x+2y).
143.a2(b+c).
144.(b-1)(a-1).
145.(x-1)(y-1)(z-1).
提示:方法一 原式=x(yz-y-z+1)-(yz-y-z+1)
=(yz-y-z+1)(x-1)
=[y(z-1)-(z-1)](x-1)
=(x-1)(y-1)(z-1).
方法二 原式=xy(z-1)-x(z-1)-y(z-1)+(z-1)
=(xy-x-y+1)(z-1)
=[x(y-1)-(y-1)](z-1)
=(x-1)(y-1)(z-1).
146.(x-2y)(x+y)(x2-xy+y2).
提示:方法一 原式=x(x3+y3)-2y(x3+y3)
=(x3+y3)(x-2y)
=(x-2y)(x+y)(x2-xy+y2).
方法二 原式=x3(x-2y)+y3(x-2y)
=(x-2y)(x3+y3)
=(x-2y)(x+y)(x2-xy+y2).
148.abc(b+c)2.
提示:原式=abc(a2+b2+c2-a2+2bc).
149.2(b-c)(a-b-c).
提示:原式=(a-b-c)(a+b-c)+(a-b-c)(b-c-a)
=(a-b-c)[(a+b-c)+(b-c-a)]
=2(b-c)(a-b-c).
150.(a-b)(b-c)(a-c).
提示:原式=a2b-a2c+b2c-ab2+c2(a-b)
=(a2b-ab2)-(a2c-b2c)+c2(a-b)
=ab(a-b)-c(a2-b2)+c2(a-b)
=(a-b)[ab-c(a+b)+c2]
=(a-b)[a(b-c)-c(b-c)]
=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c).
提示:原式=a(a+b)[a-b-(a+b)]=a(a+b)(-2b)
=-2ab(a+b);
152.(x-1)4.
提示:原式=[x(x-2)]2+2•x(x-2)+12
=[x(x-2)+1]2=(x2-2x+1)2
=(x-1)4.
153.-a(c-d)2.
154.(x-y-6z)2.
156.(x-2b)(x-4a+2b).
157.(ab-cd+1)2.
提示:原式=(a2b2-2abcd+c2d2)+2(ab-cd)+1
=(ab-cd)2+2(ab-cd)+1
=(ab-cd+1)2.
158.(ax+by+ay-bx)2.
160.(1+a)(1-a)(1+b)(1-b)(a2+b2-a2b2).
161.3(x2+4y2)(x+2y)(x-2y).
162.4(2x-1)(2-x).
163.(x2+px+qx+pq)(x2-px-qx+pq).
164.(1+x-y)(1-x+y)(x2+y2+2xy+1).
165.-(a+b)2(a-b)2.
166.(a+b+c)(a+b-c)(c+a-b)(c-a+b).
提示:原式=(2ab+a2+b2-c2)(2ab-a2-b2+c2)
=[(a+b)2-c2][c2-(a-b)2]
=(a+b+c)(a+b-c)(c+a-b)(c-a+b).
167.(c+a-b)(c-a+b)(c+a+b)(c-a-b).
168.(x+y+a+b)(x+y-a-b)(x-y+a-b)(x-y-a+b).
提示:原式=(x2-b2+y2-a2+2ab-2xy)(x2-b2+y2-a2-2ab+2xy)
=[(x2-2xy+y2)-(a2-2ab+b2)][(x2+2xy+y2)
-(a2+2ab+b2)]
=[(x-y)2-(a-b)2][(x+y)2-(a+b)2]
=(x-y+a-b)(x-y-a+b)(x+y+a+b)(x+y-a-b).
169.(x+1)2(8a2+7b2x+7b2)(8a2-7b2x-7b2).
170.a(b-c+2)(b+c-2).
提示:原式=a(b2-c2+4c-4)
=a(b2-c2+2b-2b+2c+2c-4)
=a[(b-c)(b+c)-2(b-c)+2(b+c)-4]
=a[(b-c)+2][(b+c)-2].
171.(2a+c)(2a-c+3b).
172.(xn+yn)(x2n-xnyn+y2n).
174.(x+y+5)(x2+2xy+y2-5x-5y+25).
176.-4mn(3n2+m2)(3m2+n2).
提示:原式=[(m-n)3]2-[(m+n)3]2
=[(m-n)3+(m+n)3][(m-n)3-(m+n)3]
=2m[(m-n)2-(m-n)(m+n)(m+n)2]
×{-2n[(m-n)2+(m-n)(m+n)+(m+n)2]}
=-4mn(m2+3n2)(3m2+n2).
177.4x(x2+3)(3x2+1).
提示:原式=[(x+1)3]2-[(x-1)3]2
=[(x+1)3+(x-1)3][(x+1)3-(x-1)3]
=2x[(x+1)2-(x+1)(x-1)+(x-1)2]
×2[(x+1)2+(x+1)(x-1)+(x-1)2]
=4x(x2+3)(3x2+1).
178.(a-b)(a+b)(a2+b2)(a2+ab+b2)(a2-ab+b2)(a4-a2b2+b4).
提示:原式=(a6)2-(b6)2=(a6+b6)(a6-b6)
=[(a2)3+(b2)3][(a3)2-(b3)2]
=(a2+b2)(a4-a2b2+b4)(a3+b3)(a3-b3).
179.-(x+y)(x2+y2+3z2-xy+3yz-3xz).
180.18m(3m2+4n2).
181.(x+y)2(x-y)2(x2-xy+y2)(x2+xy+y2).
提示:原式=(x2-y2)(x6-y6)
=(x+y)(x-y)(x3+y3)(x3-y3).
182.(2x+2y+1)(4x2+8xy+4y2-2x-2y+1).
183.(a-b-2)(a2+ab+b2-a+b+1).
184.3(b+c)(a+b)(c+a).
提示:原式=[(a+b+c)3-a3]-(b3+c3).
185.(x+3y)(x+y).
186.(xy-13)(xy-5).
187.(x-6)(x+24).
188.(x+6)(x+24).
189.(x2-2)(x2+4).
190.3(x2+3)(x+1)(x-1).
191.(m2-17)(1+m)(1-m).
192.(3x2+5y2)(x+2y)(x-2y).
193.x(x+2)(x-2)(x2+2).
194.a(a-20b)(a+15b).
195.x2(x+3)(x2-3x+9)(x-2)(x2+2x+4).
提示:原式=x2(x6+19x3-216)
=x2(x3+27)(x3-8)
=x3(x+3)(x2-3x+9)(x-2)(x2+2x+4).
196.ak(2a2n-5)(3a2n+7).
199.2(3x-7y)(5x+13y).
200.(m2+15)(m+1)(m-1).
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