Question

英语长难句中出现多个介词和从句时，该怎么判断翻译的次序？例如：The story started

英语长难句中出现多个介词和从句时，该怎么判断翻译的次序？例如：The story started when lawyers representing Kuwait Airways filed a commercial claim in an English court in 1991against Iraq and the state-owner Iraqi Airways for seizing ten aircraft and aircraft parts during the 1990-91 Gulf war.

Answer 1

无论是考研还是初中高中啥的 分析长句时都一定记住首先找主干结构最重要！（切记） 看起来复杂的基本上都是复合句（就是有好多个从句的） 看到if when that 之类的你就可以找到个从句 然后有好多介词出现的时候你就看清楚是不是动词固定词组搭配或者是表目的做伴随之类的就好了 你只要弄清楚是壮语从句定语从句之类的就可以了 但是我觉得考研不会全部都是这么复杂吧 这个有点太刻意了

Answer 2

The story started when lawyers representing Kuwait Airways filed a commercial claim in an English court in 1991 against Iraq and the state-owned Iraqi Airways for seizing ten aircraft and aircraft parts during the 1990-91 Gulf war.
The story started.句子主干.
The story started when lawyers filed a commercial claim in English court in 1991.
句子主干+时间状语
The story started when lawyers who represented Kuwait Airways filed a commercial claim in English court in 1991.
时间状语内的主语加定语从句
The story started when lawyers representing Kuwait Airways filed a commercial claim in English court in 1991.
定语从句变非谓语动词形式
The story started when lawyers representing Kuwait Airways filed a commercial claim in English court in 1991 against Iraq and the state-owned Iraqi Airways for seizing ten aircraft and aircraft parts during the 1990-1991 Gulf war.
file....against...是固定搭配，for sezing....表示原因
经过以上拆分，整个句子的结构就比较清楚了，整句的难点主要是判断representing是非谓语动词，由定语从句简化而来． 另外一个需要理清的点就是file...against..词组的意思，不过这可以推测出来，即使不知道这个词组． 最后一个可能造成误解的点就是 against Iraq and the state-owned里的and,这里的and连接的是两个名词而不是句子。
在熟悉各种基本句子结构的前提下，判断句子结构最重要的就是动词的判断，确定谓语动词是第一位的。

Answer 3

故事开始于科威特航空公司的律师1991年时在英国法庭向伊拉克及其国有的伊拉克航空公司以1990-91海湾战争期间非法占有飞行器和飞行器部件为名发出的商业索赔。

追答

主要是理清楚关键的介词，然后确定每成分的词性。可见在这里顺着译就行了。中文的状语顺序是时地介情形（时间性状语、地点状语、介词短语、情态副词）。我这里第一个1991年应该在于后面，搞错了，不好意思。