Question

长难句解析（句子结构，语法以及翻译）

长难句解析（句子结构，语法以及翻译）We need to know how much the climate can vary of its own accord in order to interpret with confidence the extent to which recent changes are natural as opposed to being the result of human activities.

Answer 1

因此,我们要了解气候本身自我调节的能力范围,才能够明确地知道,相对于人为活动造成的影响,自然在近来的气候变化中起到了多大的作用.

句子主干 We need therefore to know ,therefore是插入语

宾语从句 how much the climate can vary on its own accord （作know的宾语）,问题中的vary of its own accord 应该楼主打错了,是 on its own accord ,on one's own accord “自动地”

目的状语从句 in order to interpret with confidence the extent （ the extent 作interpret 的宾语 with confidence是插入语,“明确地”“确定地”）

定语从句 the extent to which recent changes are natural （先行词 the extent,to the extent 到达……的程度 ,这是一个固定搭配,所以which前面要加to)

as opposed to being the result of human activities（ as opposed to 相对于…… to是介词,后面跟宾语,所以be变成being的形式.句子中是将being the result of human activities 和前面的 are natural 拿来作比较,两个是同等地位）

Answer 2

We是主语 need to know是谓语 how much the climate can vary of its own accord是宾语从句 in order to interpret with confidence是不定式作目的状语 the extent 是不定式的宾语to which 是定语从句的关系词引导定语从句修饰前面的名词并作定从中的状语recent changes是定从中的主语 are 是定从中的系动词natural 是定从中的表语as opposed to being the result of human activities.是定从中的状语。
句子意思：我们需要知道气候会有多大程度是自然而然地变化，以便有信心地解释最近的变化在多大程度是自然发生的，而不是人类活动的结果。