Question

急！求树木病虫害论文（中英文翻译）

在线等！急求帮助！ 树木病虫害方面论文，中英文翻译对照！
如果有专业人士可以留下邮箱，我会把英文论文发给你，求翻译，谢谢！ 楼下的哥们，你的心意我领了，可是我需要的死专业的论文，不是作文。。。再等等吧，没有合适的，就给你了，先谢谢了～
谢谢大家了，虽然没有特别合适的，还是感谢大家了，我还是自己慢慢翻译吧，呵呵。

Answer 1

　　希望能帮到你 哪怕一点点
　　浅论园林树木病虫害主要防治方法
　　一、树干涂白法
　　杨柳树栽完后马上涂白，可防天牛、吉丁虫等蛀干害虫在树干上产卵。可预防腐烂病和溃疡病，延迟芽的萌动期。避免枝芽受冻害，还可预防日灼。
　　树干涂白剂常用的配方是：水10份，生石灰3份，石硫合剂原液0，5份，食盐O，5份，油脂(动植物油均可)少许配制而成。涂白高度自地径以上1米一1，5米处为宜。
　　二、农药埋施法
　　在树木根部土层挖坑、打孔，施入内吸性较强颗粒剂(氧化乐果、呋喃丹颗粒等)，根部吸收后输送到地上部分的干、枝、叶中，害虫取食后中毒死亡。此法可防治介壳虫、蚜虫、蛀干害虫等。这种方法不受温度、降水、树高等因素的影响。且药效持久。如呋喃丹，药效可达3个月，1年只需埋施2次药剂即可。
　　方法是：在距树干60厘米以外的根系密集区，围树挖3—4个半米深的坑(或孔)。每坑(孑L)内放50克一80克呋喃丹后。将坑(孔)填平灌水，药水溶后加速根系的吸收。春夏两次施药可结合施肥同时进行。如与复合肥或尿素一起使用，可使得呋喃丹的药效更高、更快，治虫补肥一举两得。
　　三、树干注药法
　　注药法是在干周围钻孔注药，使全树体都具有农药的有效成分，不论害虫在什么部位取进食，都会中毒死亡。此法操作简便，省工、省药、不污染空气，不伤害天敌，防治效果好。可防治难以除治的天牛、木蠹蛾、吉丁虫等蛀干害虫和蚜虫、介壳虫、螨类等刺吸式口器害虫、各种食叶害虫及树毛毡病、煤污病等病害。注药的时期在树木萌芽至落叶前的生长期内都可以进行，但以4月至8月份施药的效果最好。树木落叶至萌动前的休眠期不能用药。农药应选用内吸性较强且对树木生长无影响的药剂。如50％甲胺磷乳油、40％氧化乐果乳油、75％可湿性呋喃丹粉剂、50％久效磷乳油等。具体选择适宜的农药因不同害虫、树种而异。
　　注药方法：采取先钻孑L后注药的方式，用直径0，8厘米一1厘米木工钻或充电电钻，在距地面15厘米一50厘米的树干上，呈45度角向下斜钻8厘米一10厘米深的注药孔，深度以达髓心为度。在树干四周呈螺旋上升钻孔，大树可钻3—5个孔，中树可钻2—3个孔，小树可钻1个孔，将孔中的锯末掏净注入药液。注药完毕后，孔口要用蜡、泥巴或胶布封闭，注药孔两个月左右即可愈合。
　　注药量。应根据树木大小确定。按原液计算，一般胸径在15厘米以上的大树。每株注药6毫升一10毫升：胸径在10厘米一14厘米的中等树，每株注药4毫升一6毫升：胸径在10厘米以下的小树，每株注药2毫升一4毫升。根据气温的变化确定注药的稀释浓度。气温不高时，可注射稀释1倍一2倍的药液，高温时要将原药液稀释3倍一6倍后注入，以免在高温下药液浓度过高而产生药害。
　　四、树干涂胶法
　　对于一些具有上、下树迁移习性的害虫，如为害杨、柳、榆、槐、桦、槭等树木的春尺蠖、杨毒蛾，为害松树的松毛虫，为害槐树、构树、枣树等树的朱砂叶螨等害虫。使用粘虫胶将其粘住致死。该产品粘着力强、药效长、无毒、无污染、成本低。有着广泛的应用前景。

　　使用方法：一是可直接将粘虫胶涂在树干上：二是先用1，5厘米一2厘米宽的胶带在主干光滑的部位缠绕一圈。然后将粘虫胶均匀的涂在上面。涂抹时不要粘着杂草，以防杂草搭桥，产生离体，使害虫摆脱粘胶逃离。
　　五、树干疗伤法
　　因树木病、虫、冻、日灼、修剪、风雹灾害等原因造成的园林树木干枝及苗木伤121，往往是病虫的侵入口。对伤口笆敝瘟疲�俳�?21愈合，尽快地恢复树势，是防止病虫侵入的有效方法。
　　去除枯死干枝。对已经枯死的苗干及树枝。要从伤折处附近锯平或剪除。对于轻伤枝、发生抽条的枝干，在死活界限分明处切除，切口要光滑并涂保护剂或涂蜡，以利伤口愈合。
　　刮除腐烂树皮。用快刀及时刮净病部树皮，涂刷75％的酒精或1％一3％的高锰酸钾液消毒，然后涂蜡或保护剂，促进伤口愈合。
　　对于被大风吹裂或折伤的枝干，可把裂伤较轻的半劈裂枝干伤121消毒处理后吊起或支起。用绳或铁丝捆紧，使伤口密合无缝，半年愈合复原后便可解绑。
　　在日常的养护管理中，将常规的喷粉、喷药、诱杀等方法与以上介绍的几种方法相结合，还可大大提高病虫害的防治效果。

　　On the main garden trees pest control methods
　　1, trunk white-Law
　　After planting willow trees once white-out, can prevent the beetles, insects, etc. Gidding Borers lay their eggs in the tree trunk. Can prevent rot and canker, delayed bud sprouting phase. Buds by avoiding damage, but also to prevent sunburn.
　　Stem white-agent commonly used formula is: water 10, 3 copies of quicklime, Shiliuheji liquid 0,5 copies of salt O, 5 copies, grease (animal and vegetable oils can be) made little preparation. White-height from 1 meter above a diameter of 1,5 meters is appropriate.
　　Second, pesticides buried magic
　　Tree roots in the soil digging, drilling, facilities with greater absorption into the inner granule (omethoate, Carbofuran granules, etc.), transport to the ground after the roots absorb part of the trunk, branches, leaves, insects poisoned after feeding death. This method can control scale insects, aphids, pests, etc. Boring. This method is not temperature, precipitation, tree higher factors. And sustained efficacy. Such as carbofuran, efficacy up to 3 months, 1 year only 2 agents can be buried facilities.
　　Is: 60 cm from the stem than in root-intensive areas, dig around the tree 3-4 half-meter deep pit (or hole). Each pit (larvae L), put 50 grams after a 80 g carbofuran. The pit (hole) filled irrigation, water soluble drugs after the accelerated root absorption. Two can be combined spring and summer spraying fertilizer at the same time. If used in conjunction with fertilizer or urea, can make Carbofuran efficacy higher, faster, pest control kill two birds with fat supplement.
　　3, trunk injection method
　　Injection method is injection in the dry around the drill, so that the whole tree has a pesticide active ingredient, regardless of what position to take eating pests will poisoning. This method is simple, save labor, medicine, do not pollute the air, not to harm natural enemies, good control effect. In addition to governance can be difficult to control beetles, pine bark moth, Gidding insect pests such as trunk and aphids, scale insects, mites and other pests sucking mouthparts, leaf-eating insects and trees all felt sick, diseases such as coal pollution disease. Period of injection to the leaves in the trees before bud growth can be carried out during the period, but in April to August spraying is the best. Trees down Ye Zhimeng dormant period can not be fixed before the medication. Pesticides should be used within the suction is strong and has no effect on tree growth of pharmaceutical. If 50% of the methamidophos EC, 40% omethoate EC, 75% wettable powder Carbofuran, monocrotophos 50% EC, etc.. Specific selection of appropriate pesticides for different pests, the species.
　　Injection Method: L after the first injection drilling larvae way, with a 1 cm diameter of 0.8 cm or rechargeable drill woodworking drill, 15 cm above the ground in a trunk 50 cm, 45 degree angle drill down ramp 8 cm to 10 cm deep hole injection, the depth to reach for the degree of pith. Spiraling around the trunk hole, tree hole can be drilled 3-5, 2-3 in the tree can drill holes, trees can drill a hole to dig holes in the sawdust into liquid net. After injection, orifice used wax, mud or tape closed, about two months of injection holes can be healed.
　　Injection volume. Should be determined according to the size of trees. Calculated by liquid, usually over 15 cm DBH in the tree. Injection of 6 ml per plant of a 10 ml: 10 cm diameter in the middle of a tree of 14 cm per plant injection of 4 ml of a 6 ml: 10 cm diameter at breast height in the trees below, one per plant injection of 2 ml 4 ml. According to temperature change, the dilution to determine the concentration of injection. Temperature is not high, may dilute injection 1 times 2 times a liquid, high temperature when diluted to 3 times the original liquid was injected into a 6-fold in order to avoid excessively high concentration of liquid at high temperatures caused by phytotoxicity.
　　4, trunk coating method
　　For those with upper and lower tree migration habits of the pests, such as harm Yang, Liu, Yu, Huai, birch, maple and other trees cinerarius, Yang moth, pine pine damage, harm locust, mulberry, jujube, etc. tree pests such as Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Use glue to stick armyworm death. The product is strong adhesive force, efficacy long, non-toxic, pollution-free and low cost. Have broad application prospects.

　　Usage: First, plastic can be painted directly armyworm trunk: the second is the first 1.5 cm with a 2 cm wide tape wound in the trunk area smooth lap. Armyworm glue evenly and then spread on top. Do not smear adhesive weeds to prevent weed bypass, resulting from the body, so that pests out of glue to escape.
　　5, trunk healing method
　　Disease due to trees, insects, cold, sunburn, pruning, hail disasters, landscape trees caused injuries Mikie and 121 seedlings, often invasive pest population. Blast on wound fence spacious tired � Haiku �? 21 healing, as soon as possible to restore tree vigor, is an effective way to prevent pest invasion.
　　Remove dead Mikie. Seedlings that have been dry and dead branches. Off from the wound near the saw flat or cut off. Branch for minor injuries occurred sprout branches, clear boundaries in the Department removal of life and death, cut smooth and painted to protect the agent or wax to facilitate wound healing.
　　Scrape bark decay. Disease with a sharp knife in a timely manner Guajing Department of bark, brushing with 75% alcohol or 1% to 3% potassium permanganate solution disinfection, and then wax or protective agent, and promote wound healing.
　　The wind was a large crack or break branches injury can be the lesser of half-split branches laceration wounds after 121 disinfection lift or strut. Tied tight with rope or wire to make a seamless seal the wound, healing six months after recovery solution can be tied.
　　In the daily maintenance management, the conventional spray, spraying, trapping and other methods described in several ways with the above combination, can greatly enhance the pest control effect.

Answer 2

中文：
“好雨知时节,当春乃发生.”
又是春暖花开的一个季节，2008年的春天，虽还未到来，但可以想象：初春的毛毛细雨，慢慢得，细细得飘洒下来，更多的是浪漫的氛围。然而，这样的想象，还可以成为现实吗？问自己，在很多地方，其实这种美好的景色早已告别了我们。近年来，被称为“空中死神”的酸雨，就像无形杀手，侵害着我们美丽的地球，每一寸每一寸的土地，影响着我们的生活。
其实酸雨的主要成因之一是大量排放二氧化硫所导致。近年来，人类受酸雨危害严重，对于我们，这是一场需要我们自我反省的战争。
那么它对于我们人类来说，有哪些危害呢？为此我特意查找了有关的资料。
首先酸雨对植物的影响显而易见。因为酸雨抑制土壤中有机物的分解和氮的固定，淋洗与土壤粒子结合的钙、镁、钾等营养元素，使土壤贫瘠化，植物难以生长。其次酸雨伤害植物的新生芽叶，因为春天，大多数植物刚刚发芽，而这些嫩叶往往经受不住酸雨中的二氧化硫的冲洗，容易发生病虫害或干枯而死亡，从而影响其生长发育。据调查，重庆市南山上的马尾松死亡率高达60%。
其次，酸雨对人类本身健康的危害尤为突出。据美国政府1980年的推算，占全国死亡总数的2%。即相当于全美国有51000人死于大气污染。据我国一项15年的跟踪研究显示，重庆市中心肺癌死亡率呈逐年上升趋势，位居全国几个特大城市之首，这其中，尤以老人和獐受害最大。原因之一是重庆是酸雨密集区。
还有，酸雨对人类的环境和经济发展带来了极大的影响。据有关部门调查表明，我国的四川重庆市早被中外专家列为世界三大酸雨区之一。早在1993年，重庆市的环境监测结果表明，这里的酸雨频率已高达80%，全年酸雨的PH值平均为4.38，最低值为2.8。在酸雨的危害下，整个城市建筑灰暗脏旧，汽车公共设施锈迹斑斑，土壤酸化、农作物质产、病虫害加剧，树木成片死亡。据有关部门调查表明，重庆市每年因酸雨造成的经济损失高达十几亿元。在国外，酸雨同样成为人类的“无形杀手”。据1984年美国政府在一份名为《酸雨与大气污染的转移》报告中指出，在调查的17059个湖泊中有9423个受到影响，2993个受到严重危害。此外，在187877公里的河流中，有78488公里已面临危机，39501公里显著受害。可见酸雨对全球的生态环境污染较为严重。
看来酸雨对我们的生活影响甚大。所以人类应对酸雨引起重视，合理控制酸雨。
那么，我们该怎么办呢？
由于酸雨的成因源于大气污染，控制大气污染，特别是控制二氧化硫污染是防止酸雨最有效的措施。一是对耗能设施进行技术改造，提高能源利用率；二是改变能源结构，加速发展无污染能源；三应注意饮用洁净的水，多吃一些绿色食品，经常食用绿豆、猪血、海带、鲜果等。因为这些食品能加速体内有害物质的排除，从而把酸雨给人们带来的危害降低到最低程度。
所以我们要从我做起，从现在做起，为了我们的环境为了我们的地球，做出自己应有的贡献！

英文："Good rain knows season, when spring is here."
Is the spring of a season, the spring of 2008, though not yet come, but imagine: early spring drizzle, slowly too, thin may drift down, more of a romantic atmosphere. However, such imagination, you can become a reality? Ask yourself, in many places, in fact this beautiful landscape has long farewell us. In recent years, is known as "air death," the rain, like an invisible killer, against the beauty of our Earth, every inch of every inch of land, affecting our lives.
In fact, one of the major causes of acid rain is caused by large emissions of sulfur dioxide. In recent years, serious human damage by acid rain, for us, this is a war we need to ask ourselves.
Then it is for us humans, what are the risks? I specifically looked for this information.
First, the impact of acid rain on plants is obvious. Because inhibition of acid rain in soil organic matter decomposition and nitrogen fixation, leaching and soil particles combined with calcium, magnesium, potassium and other nutrients to the soil barren of plants difficult to grow. Second, the new shoots of plants acid rain damage, as the spring, most plants just sprouting, and these leaves are often unable to withstand acid rain, sulfur dioxide in the washing, dry and prone to pests and diseases or death, thus affecting their growth and development. According to the survey, Chongqing Nanshan on pine mortality as high as 60?
Second, the acid rain human health hazard in itself particularly. According to U.S. government projections in 1980, accounting for deaths of 2 lt;Cong rude shelter Chen � bar �? 1000 people die of air pollution. According to China a 15-year follow-up study showed that lung cancer mortality in Chongqing city was increasing year by year, ranking first in several large cities, this one, especially the elderly and the deer suffer the most. One reason is that Chongqing is the concentrated area of acid rain.
??,json In the survey of 17 059 lakes in 9423 affected, 2993 serious harm. In addition, 187,877 km of rivers, there are 78,488 km have been facing a crisis, 39501 km significantly affected. Shows that acid rain on the more serious environmental pollution around the world.
Seems to acid rain effects on our lives great. So pay attention to the human response to acid rain, acid rain reasonable control.
Well, how do we do?
Because the causes of acid rain from atmospheric pollution, atmospheric pollution, particularly sulfur dioxide pollution control is the most effective measures to prevent acid rain. First, technological transformation of the energy facilities, improve energy efficiency; second is to change the energy structure, speed up the development of clean energy; 3 should be noted that clean drinking water, eat plenty of green food, regular consumption of green beans, blood, kelp , fresh fruit. Because these foods can speed up the body of harmful substances removed, thus bringing harm to the people of acid rain reduced to a minimum.
So we start from me and from now on, to our environment for our planet, and make its due contribution!

这是我自己找的，请给分