小学英语基础知识点归纳
小学英语基础知识
一、全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. Away they went.
二、部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。
注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
小学英语必备知识
(一)基数词——从1数到n
1.1—12的基数词是独立的单词,即:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。
2.13—19的基数词以-teen结尾。如:fourteen,seventeen等,但13,15,18较特殊,13—thirteen 15—fifteen 18—eighteen。
3.20—90的整十位均以-ty结尾。如:sixty,ninety,但20,30,40,50,80较特殊,20—twenty,30—thirty,40—forty ,50—fifty,80—eighty。
4.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”,如:28—twenty-eight,96—ninety-six。
5.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and,如:148—one hundred and forty-eight,406—four hundred and six。
6.hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体的'数词,也不能在它们的后面加s。如:600—six hundred,8百万—eight million。
7.1000以上的数字,从后往前数每三位加一个逗号“,”第一个逗号前为千(thousand),第二个逗号前为百万(million),第三个逗号前为billion(十亿)。英语中无“万”这个词,我们可以用“几十个千(thousand)”表示几万,“几百个千(thousand)”表示“几十万”。如:2,510=two thousand five hundred and ten;84,296=eighty-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six;
8.hundred,thousand,million用复数形式修饰名词时要用“of+复数名词”,如:数以百计的年轻人hundreds of young people;数以千计的书thousands of books。注意:hundreds of /thousands of/millions of +复数名词,其前面不能加具体的数词,但可加several(几个)或 many。
Hundreds of new students is coming here
小学英语知识
一、一般现在时主要用于:
1、表示经常性或习惯性动作。
e.g. It seldom snows here.
2、表示现在的特征或状态。
e.g. He is always ready to help others.
3、普遍真理。
e.g. Action speaks louder than words.
4、剧情图片介绍,背景说明,动作解说。
e.g. (Tom enters the room_and_sits at the table)
Doctor : What`s your trouble, young man?
Tom : I`ve caught a cold, doctor.
5、时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句表将要发生的动作时。
e.g. Tomorrow we shall go for an outing unless it rains.
与这种时态连用的时间状语常有:
always, often, never, seldom, usually, once, a week, now 等。
二、一般过去时主要用于:
1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况(包括习惯性的动作或状态) e.g. When did you read the novel?
She often came to help us in those days.
2、谈到过去的情况时
e.g. I didn`t know you were so busy.
3、谈到已死人的情况时
e.g. Lei Feng was a great communist fighter.
与这个时态连用的时间状语常有:
yesterday, last night, the other day, two months ago, in 1985, then, just now,
when, after, as soon as 引导的时间状语从句,表示主句动作开始的时间。