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在英语中,怎样判断一个句子是定语从句or宾语从句?
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主语从句与宾语从句两者的用法和在句中的作用是不同的,下面从它们的各自用法,介绍:)~ 一.主语从句 主语从句 定义:在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如: It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如: Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然。例如: What you said yesterday is right. 二:宾语从句的几个特征:1、引导词:what\which\whose\when\whether\if\where 2语序:宾语从句必须是用陈述语句。 如:I think that you must work harder. 宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区别、否定转移等现象。 (1)表达时间的几个句型:一般用when或者是what time: What time will the train leave? 由于时刻都是固定的,也可以用一般现在时代替一般将来时: What time does the train leave? (2)时间的表达方式:8:19(nineteen past eight),7:57(three to eight),在时间的中间也可以加上分的单词(minutes) (3)had better +动词原型。意思是提要求,建议。但是上下级不能用这种方式,因为语气太重: You had better give up smoking . (4)sb leave sth +地点 I left my book in my classroom yesterday. (5)may I have your name(address\age)?一般询问对方的年龄、名字等,不要习惯以前的问法,这样很不礼貌,而是要采访上面的问法。以前的习惯是:how old are you? \what's your name? (6)修饰名词的代词次序:限-描-大-形---年---颜----籍----物--------类+名词: this is a bridge. This is a beautiful bridge
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