高手帮忙 20
Thepossibilityofachangeofmeaningandofredeterminationthrowslightonthesignificativediff...
The possibility of a change of meaning and of redetermination throws light on the significative difference. Every concrete meaning embodies a perspective, i.e. it is based on a selection: a ‘so instead of so’, ‘this way rather than that way’. The choice of the point of view in a given thematization determines what counts as relevant and what not; to this extent meaning and significance are intimately connected with one another. Thus, for example, for an impressionist like Monet, the cathedral in the morning light is not the same as in the evening light, since he is precisely interested in the light in which the cathedral presents itself; the subject is taken up into a frame of reference which is different from the established styles of painting. Cubism, which is interested in the simultaneity of modes of appearance, exchange this frame of reference for still another.
In this manner, not only is it possible for something new to appear in our experience and our praxis within a fixed framework; it is also possible that something novel appears, which breaks out of the existing framework and leads to its transformation. Change of meaning implies the surprising, unfamiliar, foreign and strange, which constitute the backside of the domesticated world-a factor of threat, but also a stimulus for innovation in which openness with respect to existing rule structures manifests itself. The ambivalence of the strange, which simultaneously attracts and repels, an ambivalence which appears in the experience of the child as well as in situations of crisis, is an affective index for this duality. This dialectic of the old and the new, in which the productivity of experience and praxis is concentrated, eludes a rationalism which intercepts the stimulus of the novel by means of a priori forms which are fixed once and for all, and thus degrades cognition to recognition. But this dialectic also eludes an empiricism which registers the unusual as mere factual irregularity and is condemned to eternally running after the facts.
3. As preparation for my concluding reflections, I would like to indicate briefly how the theory of meaning sketched above can be translated into the language of Gestalt theory and structuralism thought. With regard to the attempt to integrate the relevant results of research in the human sciences into a phenomenological theory, I refer here especially to the work of A. Gurwitsch and M. merleau-Ponty. 展开
In this manner, not only is it possible for something new to appear in our experience and our praxis within a fixed framework; it is also possible that something novel appears, which breaks out of the existing framework and leads to its transformation. Change of meaning implies the surprising, unfamiliar, foreign and strange, which constitute the backside of the domesticated world-a factor of threat, but also a stimulus for innovation in which openness with respect to existing rule structures manifests itself. The ambivalence of the strange, which simultaneously attracts and repels, an ambivalence which appears in the experience of the child as well as in situations of crisis, is an affective index for this duality. This dialectic of the old and the new, in which the productivity of experience and praxis is concentrated, eludes a rationalism which intercepts the stimulus of the novel by means of a priori forms which are fixed once and for all, and thus degrades cognition to recognition. But this dialectic also eludes an empiricism which registers the unusual as mere factual irregularity and is condemned to eternally running after the facts.
3. As preparation for my concluding reflections, I would like to indicate briefly how the theory of meaning sketched above can be translated into the language of Gestalt theory and structuralism thought. With regard to the attempt to integrate the relevant results of research in the human sciences into a phenomenological theory, I refer here especially to the work of A. Gurwitsch and M. merleau-Ponty. 展开
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这种可能性的意义和对redetermination辨析了意义的区别。每个具体含义体现一种观点,即。这是基于一种选择:“所以如此',这种方式而不是这样的。选择的观点在给定的thematization决定怎样才算是有关,以及诸如此类的东西,到如此程度的意思和意义是密切联系在一起。因此,例如,像一个印象派莫奈、大教堂在晨光中是不一样的,因为他是傍晚光线准确的光感兴趣的表现;大教堂被分成一个参照系中,不同于既定的风格的油画。立体主义,有兴趣的同时,交流方式的出现这种参照系中,还有另一种。
以这样的方式,不仅是可能的新东西出现在我们的经验和实践在一个固定的框架;它也有可能是一些新奇的出现打破了原有的框架,并导致其转型。令人惊讶的变化,陌生的含义,意味着国外和奇怪,构成了世界背后的因素的驯养的威胁,而且刺激创新,与现存的规则开放结构显现。这个奇怪的矛盾的,同时吸引和排斥,一个矛盾中所表现出的经验,以及对孩子的情况下,是一种有效的危机的这种二重性指标。这个辩证的旧和新、经验和实践的生产力,躲开了理性主义的集中,小说的截获刺激的先验形式,是固定的,因而减低认知识别。但这也正是一个经验论辩证法的不寻常的仅仅是一种事实记录,是condemne违法
以这样的方式,不仅是可能的新东西出现在我们的经验和实践在一个固定的框架;它也有可能是一些新奇的出现打破了原有的框架,并导致其转型。令人惊讶的变化,陌生的含义,意味着国外和奇怪,构成了世界背后的因素的驯养的威胁,而且刺激创新,与现存的规则开放结构显现。这个奇怪的矛盾的,同时吸引和排斥,一个矛盾中所表现出的经验,以及对孩子的情况下,是一种有效的危机的这种二重性指标。这个辩证的旧和新、经验和实践的生产力,躲开了理性主义的集中,小说的截获刺激的先验形式,是固定的,因而减低认知识别。但这也正是一个经验论辩证法的不寻常的仅仅是一种事实记录,是condemne违法
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