Question

Have you been to the hospital?等于Have you gone to the hospital?吗？been等于gone吗？为啥

Answer 1

have been to表示曾经到过某个地方，强调的是“去过”
例如：
I have been to some clinics near my house.
我曾经去过我家一些附近的诊所。

I have been to some clinics near my house.
我之前有去家里附近的诊所看医生。

Many people who live in China have been to such institutions.
住在中国的许多人曾经参加过这样的机构。

have gone to表示的是到某个地方去了，强调的是“去了”
例如：
He may have gone to Japan, to China, or wherever.
他或许已经到日本，中国或什麽地方了。

She is believed/said/found to have gone to Australia.
大家确认/说/发现她已经去了澳大利亚。

Answer 2

不等于。
been是去了并且已经回来了
gone是去了但是还没有回来。
所以Have been to the hospital是你 去过 医院吗
Have you gone to the hospital是你 去了 医院吗