Question

请高手解释下面一句话的句法结构 并 翻译 此句

And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple mindedness--as he sees it-- of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who, instead of eliminating crime punish the criminals less severely in the hope the this will make them reform

Answer 1

首先，这句话可以这样拆分：
And this separation is deepened by the simple mindedness.这种距离（分割）正因这种简单的头脑而加剧。

the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world
这个侦探感觉在他自己和世界其他人之间

as he sees it正如他所看到的

of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges 公民,社会工作者,医生,立法人员、法官

who, instead of eliminating crime punish the criminals less severely in the hope the this will make them reform
这里是出现一个who引导的定语从句，他的先行词就是上文的那些医生，官员，法官之类...

(代替)不去消除罪恶、惩治罪恶，而是（less severely -少严肃的）不负责任地寄希望于此，并希望以此使人们改革。

整段翻译如下:

这位侦探觉得在他自己和世界其他人之间的这种隔阂正因这种简单的头脑而变得越来越深并且难以逾越。
正如他所看到的，那些公民,社会工作者,医生,立法人员、法官荒诞地寄希望于此来希望他们洗心革面，而不去惩治罪恶打击罪恶。

结构分析：
其实这段话只是看上去叫人摸不到头脑，其实没有什么太难的语法结构的。因为很多语法的东西我不太会描述，所以也只能回答这个样子了，其实，你若能看得懂，语法只要做到心中有就可以了...

Answer 2

And this separation （the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world ）is deepened by the simple mindedness--as he sees it-- of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who,( instead of eliminating crime punish the criminals less severely in the hope the this will make them reform)
那个警探所感觉到的存在于自己与这个世界之间隔阂，因为其所见市民，工人，医生，立法者与法官的愚蠢而加深了。这些人...

后面的不完整吧？

Answer 3

句法结构：
主句： this separation is deepened by 。。。
And this separation （the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world ）is deepened <by the simple mindedness--as he sees it-- of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who, instead of eliminating crime punish the criminals less severely in the hope the this will make them reform >
who引导定语从句修饰citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges
警探感到自己和外部世界之间存在的距离感更大了，因为那些市民、社会工作者、医生、律师和法官们的天真的想法（在他看来是这样的），这些人只是轻微地惩治罪犯以期望这样能让他们改过自新而不是去彻底消除犯罪。