如何区分定语从句和同位语从句
同位语从句和定语从句的区别有:从句所修饰词的不同,连接词的作用不同,从句作用的不同等。
从句所修饰词的不同
同位语从句所修饰词通常是少数一些表示抽象意义的名词,如belief , doubt , fact , hope 等。定语从句的先行词可以指人、物等。例如:
He has told us a fact that drinking too much does harm to our health.他又告诉我们一个事实,过渡饮酒对健康有害。(同位语从句)
This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的那本书。(定语从句)
连接词的作用不同
连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用,不在从句中担任任何句子成分。whether 和 how 可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。引导定语从句的连接词是关系词,常见的关系代词和关系副词有that , which , who , whose , whom , when , where , why , as,than, but 等。
The news that he wants to get is whether he will be sent to the countryside.他所想得到的消息是他是否将被派往农村。(定语从句,关系代词that作从句get的宾语。)
Do you have a doubt whether she will be dismissed from school? 你怀疑她是否能被学校开除吗?(同位语从句)