Question

吸烟有哪些危害？

Answer 1

抽烟,不仅危害人类健康,而且会给社会带来不良影响。吸烟对身体有很大的危害,因为吸烟时,烟从口中进入,经过喉咙、气管、支气管,进入血液。所以,很容易导致咽喉炎、气管炎、肺气肿等咳嗽病。下面就为大家具体介绍一下抽烟的危害吧。

1、肺损伤。
抽烟对肺是有害的。由于吸烟会使致支气管上皮细胞的纤毛变短,降低肺部抵抗力,因而易发生感染。与此同时,抽烟削弱了巨噬细胞的作用,从而可能诱发肺癌。有数据显示,90%的死亡病例都是吸烟造成的。所以,我们要确保避免抽烟。
2、引起癌症
抽烟可诱发癌症。由于吸烟所产生的毒素可抑制T淋巴细胞增多,进而导致NK细胞活性下降、免疫功能下降、癌变细胞抗病能力减弱,癌变细胞得不到及时清除,长期积累可形成癌变。
3、脑损伤
抽烟对大脑是有害的。由于吸烟导致多种脑病,降低循环大脑中的氧和血,引致脑血管出血和阻塞,从而导致麻痹、智力衰退和中风。中风是指吸烟引起大脑血管痉挛,使血液更易凝固而引起的。
4、口腔疾病
抽烟可引起口腔疾病。由于香烟中的焦油和烟雾产生的热量可使唾液腺发炎,味蕾受损,味道和嗅觉都大大下降。因此,口腔癌的发生是非常容易的。
5、胃的害处
抽烟对胃有害。胃溃疡或十二指肠溃疡患者,溃疡部位愈合速度减慢,甚至发展成慢性病。吸烟刺激神经,加快唾液和胃液的分泌,使胃肠出现紧张状态,导致吸烟者食欲不振。此外,香烟中所含的烟碱可使胃肠粘膜血管收缩,还可引起食欲减退。

Answer 2

Until the twentieth century cigarette smoking was not a widespread habit. The cigarette industry started in the 1870 s with the development of the cigarette manufacturing machines. It helped produce great numbers of cigarettes very quickly and reduce the price greatly. And consequently more and more people, both men and women, began to smoke cigarettes. Men as a group, however, smoke more than women. But the highest proportion of smokers are found in the age of 24-44, regardless of sex difference.
Income, education, and occupation all play a part in determining a person s smoking habits. City people smoke more than people living on farms. Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes. On the other hand, if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes at all, he is likely to smoke more packs of cigarettes per day.
The situation is somewhat different for women. There are slightly more smokers among women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and low education groups. These more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily.
Among teenagers the picture is similar. There are fewer teenage smokers from upper-income, well-educated families, and fewer from families living in farm areas. High school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who do not plan to continue their education after high school. Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.