Question

现在分词和动名词的区别

Answer 1

肯定有区别的，要不然也不会有两个不同的名称

Answer 2

一样的，只是一个加ⅰng，另一个不加ⅰng

Answer 3

Answer 4

两者形态上一致，都是v-ing，但是使用情况上有所区别。
动名词的用法：
1.作主语.例如：
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方与北方开战了.
2.作宾语　
a.有些动词可以用动名词作宾语.例如：
admit 承认
appreciate 感激
avoid 避免
complete完成
consider认为
delay 耽误
deny 否认
detest 讨厌
endure 忍受
enjoy 喜欢
escape 逃脱
fancy 想象
finish 完成
imagine 想象
mind 介意
miss 想念
postpone推迟
practice 训练
recall 回忆
resent 讨厌
resume 继续
resist 抵抗
risk 冒险
suggest 建议
face 面对
include 包括
stand 忍受
understand 理解
forgive 宽恕
keep 继续
例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little,please?你把收音机音量调小一点,好吗
The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.这松鼠幸运得很,刚逃避了被逮住的厄运.
b.有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分.例如：
admit to
prefer…to
be used to
lead to
devote oneself to
object to
stick to
no good
no use
be fond of
look forward to
be proud of
be busy
can't help
be tired of
be capable of
be afraid of
think of
burst out
keep on
insist on
count on
set about
put off
be good at
take up
give up
be successful in
3.作表语,对主语说明、解释.例如：
Her job is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children.她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子.
比较：She is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children.
4.作定语,一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途.例如：
a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台
a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池
有些动名词作定语,与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂.例如：
boiling point=a temperature point at which something begins to boil 沸点
a walking tractor=a tractor which a driver can operate while he or she is walking behind it 手扶拖拉机
5.动名词复合结构
物主代词／人称代词或名词所有格／普通格与动名词连用,就构成了动名词的复合结构.物主代词或名词所有格等是动名词的逻辑主语.
动名词复合结构在句中主要作主语和宾语.
The students' knowing English well will help them to learn French．学生学好了英语对学习法语有帮助.
I remember Tom's going there．我记得汤姆去过那里.
现在分词：
（1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。
e.g.In the following years he worked even harder.
在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.
正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用in the years that followed, the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.
（2）现在分词作表语：
e.g.The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.
正在这家上演的电影很棒。
The present situation is inspiring.
当前的形势鼓舞人心。
"be + doing"既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在于"be + doing"表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。
（3）作宾语补足语
以下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。
e.g.Can you hear her singing the song in the next room?
你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？
He kept the car waiting at the gate.
他让小汽车在门口等着。
（4）现在分词作状语
①作时间状语
e.g.(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。
②作原因状语
e.g.Being a League member, he is always helping others.
由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。
③作方式状语，表示伴随
e.g.He stayed at home, cleaning and washing.
他呆在家里，又擦又洗。
④作条件状语
e.g.(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。
⑤作结果状语：
e.g.He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.
他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。
⑥作让步状语
e.g.Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。

Answer 5

动名词具有名词的特性,可充当主语、宾语、表语和定语,现在分词具有动词的特性，可充当宾补,表语,定语和状语.
（1）动名词作宾语（特殊）
①下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest,finish,avoid,stop,can’t

help,mind,enjoy,require,practise,miss,escape,pardon,advise,consider,imagine,keep,appreciate,escape,permit.
②下列动词短语接动名词：leave
off,put off,give up,look forward to,feel like,have trouble /
difficulty(in) doing sth.devote to,get used to,pay attention to,be fond
of,be worth.
③介词后要接动名词.what about、how about、without、be fond of、be
good at等介词后接动名词.注意on / upon doing sth.= as soon as 引导的从中.作此意讲时on /
upon后也可以接名词.如on his arrival….
（2）现在分词在句中作时间、原因、伴随、条件、结果等状语.
①时间状语（分词作状语前面可加when,while等）
Hearing the good news,he jumped with great joy.
Not having finished her work in time,the boss fired her.
②原因状语
Seeing nobody at home,he decided to leave them a note
③伴随状语
The girls came in,following their parents.
④结果状语
The poor old man died,leaving nothing to his children.
注意：现在分词作状语的几个特性.①时间性.与谓语动词同时发生,用一般时,如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式having

done.②语态性.与句子的主语之间的关系,是主谓关系或动宾关系.遵循的规则“主动进行,被动完成”.③人称一致性.分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语.
（3）现在分词作表语,S.+ be + 动词-ing表示主动,主语是物
（4）现在分词作宾补,S．+ + 宾语 + 现在分词→正在做某事