求一道高数题的详解 ∫√[(a+x)/(a-x)]dx
∫√〔(a+x)/(a-x)〕dx的不定积分等于2aarctan√[(a+x)/(a-x)]-√(a^2-x^2) + C
换元,令√[(a+x)/(a-x)]=t,则x=a(t^2-1)/(t^2+1),dx=4at/(t^2+1)^2 dt
原积分
= ∫ t*4at/(t^2+1)^2 dt
=4a ∫ t^2/(t^2+1)^2 dt
=4a [∫1/(t^2+1) dt -∫1/(t^2+1)^2dt]
再换元,令t=tanu,u=arctant,dt=1/(cosu)^2.sinu=t/√(1+t^2),cosu=1/√(1+t^2).则上式
=4a [arctant - ∫ (cosu)^2 du]
=4a [arctant - ∫ (1+cos2u)/2 du]
=4a [arctant - u/2-sin2u/4 +C]
=2a [2arctant - u-sinucosu +C]
=2a [2arctant - arctant-t/(1+t^2) +C]
=2aarctan√[(a+x)/(a-x)]-√(a^2-x^2) + C
扩展资料
常用积分公式:
1)∫0dx=c
2)∫x^udx=(x^(u+1))/(u+1)+c
3)∫1/xdx=ln|x|+c
4)∫a^xdx=(a^x)/lna+c
5)∫e^xdx=e^x+c
6)∫sinxdx=-cosx+c
7)∫cosxdx=sinx+c
8)∫1/(cosx)^2dx=tanx+c
9)∫1/(sinx)^2dx=-cotx+c
10)∫1/√(1-x^2) dx=arcsinx+c