Question

求翻译以下的文章

Doctors currently identify autism disorders by observing behavior. Autism affects social and communication skills.It usually first appears in young children.
Now, researchers in the United States think they have found a biological test for autism. A team from Harvard University in Massachusetts and the University of Utah developed it.
The test uses an MRI or magnetic resonance imaging machine to look for abnormalities in the brain.
Other studies have not shown major structural differences between the brains of autistic people and those without autism.
But the latest study did not look at the large structures of the brain.Instead, Harvard's Nicholas Lange says the team looked at the circuitry -- the chemical and electrical pathways that link the different parts of the brain.
NICOLAS LANGE: "The brain may be OK, the parts that do the work may be OK.But the wiring, the cables between the points in the brain, one to another, may be disrupted in some way."
The scientists did MRI scans on sixty males between the ages of eight and twenty-six.Thirty of them had been identified as having mild autism, a form also known as high-functioning autism.
The researchers looked at the connections in two areas of the brain that control language and social behavior.They used a technique called diffusion tensor imaging. This way they could observe microscopic fibers to see how well the brain circuitry was organized.
Nicholas Lange says the pictures showed a clear difference between the people with autism and those without. He compared it to spaghetti.
NICHOLAS LANGE: "There's a bundle of uncooked spaghetti and there's clear directionality to that.It's nice and well-organized, as opposed to a cooked bowl of spaghetti that's just a tangle of -- it looks like spaghetti.And that's the way the wiring can be.It can be either very tangled [or] it can be very organized."
The researchers say the tests were able to predict with ninety-four percent accuracy which of the people had been found to have autism.The researchers repeated their study with new participants and got equally strong results.
The results appear in the journal Autism Research.
But Doctor Lange says the test is not ready yet for general use.The study was small and only involved males.It also used older children and adults.
Doctor Lange says that, in time, the test might be able to identify autism in children under three.
Three is currently the youngest age at which most doctors will diagnose an autism disorder.But most parents begin to suspect a problem by the age of two.

Answer 1

目前医生通过观察行为识别自闭症。自闭症影响社交及沟通技巧。通常第一次出现在年幼的孩子。
现在，美国研究人员认为他们已经找到了自闭症生物试验。哈佛大学马萨诸塞州和犹他州大学的研究小组研制的。
该测试使用了核磁共振检查或磁共振成像机，寻找在大脑异常。
其他研究也未显示自闭症患者之间的大脑，没有自闭症这些重大的结构性差异。
但最新的研究并没有看大的大脑结构。相反，哈佛大学的尼古拉斯朗格说，研究小组在电路看去 - 化学和链接，大脑的不同部分的电波途径。
尼古拉朗格：“大脑可能是好的，部分工作室正常的，但可能是在大脑中，一个点之间的连接线到另一个，可能以某种方式破坏。。”
科学家们之间通过MRI对八和二十六岁60个男性扫描。有30已被确定为轻度自闭症，也称为高功能自闭症着称的形式。
研究人员观察了连接两个领域的大脑控制语言和社会行为。他们使用一种名为弥散张量成像。这样，他们可以观察微观纤维，看看如何好大脑电路。
朗格说，尼古拉斯的照片显示了人民之间的自闭症患者和那些没有明显的差别。他比作意大利面条。
尼古拉朗格：“有一个生面条束有明确的方向性.它的好和良好的组织，而不是一个意大利面煮熟碗，这只是一个纠结的 - 它像意大利面条的外表，其的方式接线。可以是很纠结[或]它可以是非常有组织的。“
研究人员说，测试，都不能预测九四百分之准确性哪些人被发现有自闭症。他们与研究人员反复研究，得到了新的参与者同样强大的结果。
这一结果发表在杂志自闭症研究。
但是医生兰格说，测试还没有准备好用于一般用途呢。这项研究是小，只涉及男性。他们适用于大龄儿童和成人。
医生兰格说，测试或许能查明在三岁以下孩子自闭症。
三是目前大多数的医生将诊断的自闭症障碍最年轻的年龄。但是大多数家长开始怀疑是当其两岁的时候。