Question

今晚翻译的短文，麻烦英语高手帮我看看

金融危机又称金融风暴，可分为货币危机、债务危机、银行危机等。金融危机的产生大多数情况是由经济泡沫引起的，而产生危机的背景非常复杂。主要有以下几个方面造成:
1、 美国的消费习惯，借钱（贷款）消费是普遍的生活方式，年轻人收入少，但消费多；老年人退休后享受优越的退休金，单消费相对少
2、 经济管理思想
3、 经济环境与具体政策工具
Financial crisis also kown as financial storm，it would be classified by currency crisis,debt crisis and bank crisis,an so on.The generation of financial crisis is most brought by economic bubble,and it is so complicated to background of producing crisis.Financial crisis is mainly caused by the following reason:
First of all,the expense habit of American.Loan expense is prevalent life style.The young have few income but much expenses;the old have well retired finance but few expenses.
Second, economic administration idea
Third,economic environment and concrete policy instrument.
PS：继续昨天的那种分析方法哦，我发现很有用耶，学到了很多!

Answer 1

今天这段里最大的问题的单复数的问题。中文没有特定的复数形式，所以翻译的时候常常忘记用复数。你需要特别注意。

Financial crises[1],[3] also known[2] as financial storms,[1] can[3] be classified into[4] currency crises,[1] debt crises,[1] [5] bank crises,[1] and[2] so on. The [6] financial crises are[1] mostly[7] brought by economic bubbles,[1] and the background of their generation is very complicated[8]. Financial crises are[1] mainly caused by the following reasons[1]:
1.[20] the spending[9] habit of Americans[10]. Spending on borrowed money (loans)[11] is the[12] prevalent life style. Young people[13] have little[14] income but much to spend[9]; the old have well-financed retirement plans[15] but few expenses.
2.[20] economic management philosophy[16].
3.[20] macro-economic[17] environment and specific[18] policy instruments[19].

注：
[1] 泛指的危机，如果用单数就要用不定冠词a，否则就要用复数。因为后面要分成几类，所以用复数更好些。
[2] 拼写错误。
[3] 又是主语混乱的问题。这句的实际主语是financial crises，你加了定语后，就把它忘了，另外新写了主语it。什么时候你能把这个毛病改了啊？我在主语后面加了个逗号，这样把also known as分隔开，结构就更清楚了。另外这句不需要用虚拟语气，直接用现在时的情态动词can就可以了。
[4] 被动语态后面by引导的介词短语只能是逻辑主语。而这些分类是作状语的，所以介词用错了。
[5] 多出来了一个and。
[6] generation和后面的brought语义重复，所以可以不要。
[7] most是形容词。这里要用副词mostly作状语。
[8] background应该作主语。你用代词，不知道代指什么东西。又是主语混乱的问题。现在就看出前面省略generation的好处了：这里用generation，句子一下变得简单多了。
[9] 消费 spending, 费用 expense
[10] Americans要用复数。
[11] 借钱 borrow money (money不可数，要用单数) 贷款 loans要用复数。
[12] 忘了定冠词。
[13] the young有特定意思，指小孩。年轻人是young people，泛指的时候不用冠词。
[14] income不可数。不可数名词前要用little/much，可数名词前要用few/many。
[15] 表达方式
[16] idea是很小很具体的想法。这里的意思应该是经济管理哲学。
[17] 根据上下文加了”宏观”。
[18] 这里的”具体”不是相对于”抽象”，而是相对于”一般”。前者是concrete，后者是specific。
[19] 很多项政策，而不是只一项。
[20] 这次的罗列是名词性短语的形式，而不是整句。因此数字要写123，不能些作状语的first second third。

Answer 2

1、第一句去掉would， also kown as financial storm是定语，非主句，而且，我个人认为could比would好些
2、第一句by改为as
3、第一句bank crisis前去掉and，后面有and so on，而且，貌似打错了
4、第二句most改为mostly，其实由……引起可以用be caused by，arise/ spring from等等
5、第二句后面像是翻译软件翻的，不通，而可以用but，however，nevertheless之类，but the background of producing crisis is so complicated
6、第三句reason->reasons
7、第二段开头这句话中文都不太通顺的说……英文更不对了，借钱（贷款）消费是普遍的生活方式：installment is the prevalent life style或者说美国的消费习惯是借钱（贷款）消费：consumption custom of Americans is installment
8、第二段第二句expenses复数不能用much修饰，其实消费多可以说but consume more，后半句the old enjoy the superior pension but consume less
PS:我不知道你昨天的那种分析方法是神马……

Answer 3

Financial crisis also kown as financial storm，it would be classified by currency crisis,debt crisis and bank crisis,an so on.The generation of financial crisis is most brought by economic bubble,and （its background of producing crisis is so complicated .）Financial crisis is mainly caused by the following reason(s):
First of all,the expense habit of American.Loan expense is prevalent life style.The young have few income but much expenses;the old have （superior ） retired finance but few （expenditure）.
Second, economic administration idea
Third,economic environment and concrete policy instrument.

Answer 4

神马意思