（一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much,each等修饰时 (1) Have you taken down everything (that) Mr. Li has said? (2) There seems to be nothing (that) seems impossible for him in the world. (3) All that can be done has been done. (4) There is little (that) I can do for you. 注意1：部分时候that可以省略,如部分例句将that用括号括住. 注意2：当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who (4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰 (1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 (1) This is the best film that I have seen. 4. 当形容词被the very, the only,the same,the last 修饰时 (1) This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy, (2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who (3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting? 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时 (1) Who is the man that is standing there? (2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 6. 当先行词既有人,也有动物或者物体时 (1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? 7.当关系代词在定语从句中做表语或先行词本身就作主语的表语 (1)The village is no longer the one that it used to be 10 years ago. (2)This is a good book that will help you a lot. （二）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句,有相同之处也有不同之处.具体情况是： 1．As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,代表前面整个句子. (1) He married her, as/which was natural. (2) He was honest, as/which we can see. 2. as 引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前,或者主句之后,甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后.另外,as有“正如……,正像……”的意思 (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country. (2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent. (3) John, as you know, is a famous writer. (4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe. 注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时,常用which (5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry. 3. 当先行词受such, the same修饰时,常用as (1) I have never heard such a story as he tells. (2) He is not such a fool as he looks. (3) This is the same book as I lost last week. 注意：当先行词由the same修饰时,偶尔也用that引导定语从句,但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同 (4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. 她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子. (5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子. 注意：定语从句such…as …与结果状语从句such… that …的区别：as在所引导的定语从句中作主语,宾语；that在结果状语从句中不做成分 (6)He has such a good laptop as I want to buy. (7)He has such a good laptop that I want to by one. (三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导,而且通常可以省略. (1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising. (四) but有时也可以做关系词引导定语从句 (1) There are very few but understand his idea. ( but= who don’t ) (五) 区分定语从句和同位语从句 1．定语从句修饰先行词,它和先行词是修饰关系； 同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容,是补充说明的关系 (1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句 (2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位语从句 2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导,关系词在句中充当成分,有时可以省略； 同位语从句主要由that引导,在句中一般不做成分； 句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导,充当成分 (1) The news he told me is true. (2) The news that he has just died is true. (3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语 (4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve. 3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子,而定语从句不可以 (1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. 同位语 (2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice. (3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all. (4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth. 18. 定语从句 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出. 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等. 关系副词有： when, where, why等. 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致. 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人.（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换）, 例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书. 3）which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.（which / that在句中作宾语） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语） ［定语从句］介词+关系词 1）介词后面的关系词不能省略. 2）that前不能有介词. 3）某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换.例如： This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子. This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗? Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
