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20世纪90年代以来,国际经济形势发生了重大变化,呈现了诸多发展趋势,包括:经济全球化、以信息技术为导向的新技术革命、全球经济的市场化以及区域经济一体化等。其中,经济全球... 20世纪90年代以来,国际经济形势发生了重大变化,呈现了诸多发展趋势,包括:经济全球化、以信息技术为导向的新技术革命、全球经济的市场化以及区域经济一体化等。其中,经济全球化是当代世界经济不可逆转的发展趋势,关系到世界各国政府的决策和普通公民的切身利益,其影响已日益为国际社会所广泛关注。

对于广大发展中国家来说,经济全球化无异于一把“双刃剑”。在为发展中国家带来追赶上发达国家的新机遇,促进其经济发展的同时,也不可避免地对发展中国家的主权和经济安全提出新的挑战,产生了许多负面影响甚至是对发展中国家经济的严重冲击。
经济全球化对发展中国家的机遇:

第一,经济全球化为发展中国家提供了更多吸引外资的条件和机会。吸引外资规模的扩大无疑有助于解决发展中国家的资金短缺问题。

第二,经济全球化为发展中国家的资本外投创造了有利的外部环境和条件,使其对外直接投资规模不断扩大,增长迅速。

第三,经济全球化带动了世界范围内经济与技术开发区以及保税区和自由贸易区等多种形式自由经济区的发展。

第四,经济全球化使世界范围内的产业结构调整进一步深化,步伐加大。发展中国家可以利用这个契机,遵循立足现实与着眼未来的有机统一,主动协调好世界范围产业结构调整和国内产业升级的关系。

第五,经济全球化促进了发展中国家跨国公司的发展,使其在世界市场的竞争力逐渐增强。但从发展趋势看,由于经济全球化为发展中国家提供了在更广泛的领域内积极参与国际竞争的机会,发展中国家跨国公司更积极地活跃在世界经济舞台上的时代指日可待。

第六,经济全球化拉动了国际贸易的迅速发展。尽管发达国家是国际贸易的最大受益者,但发展中国家尤其是亚洲的发展中国家也受益于国际贸易,其贸易额约占世界贸易总额的20%。

经济全球化对发展中国家的挑战

经济全球化带来的挑战更是严峻,发展中国家在与发达国家分享经济全球化带来的部分利益的同时,却承受着经济全球化所带来的负面效应甚至对本国经济的严重冲击。经济全球化对发展中国家的挑战主要有:

第一,发展中国家在当前经济全球化进程中处于不利地位。随着全球贸易和全球生产体系的迅速发展,以及跨国公司及其资本的不断扩张,使发展中国家的民族经济面临着越来越大的压力和冲击,对发达国家的依附性也不断增大。发达国家控制着国际经济体系,手里掌握着资金、技术等优势,在经济全球化中把大多数发展中国家远远抛在后面。

第二,经济全球化下的金融全球化在推动发展中国家经济增长的同时,带来了不容忽视的金融风险和经济冲击。目前,24小时电子化交易的全球金融市场已经形成,在为市场交易提供更大便利的同时,也为金融界的不少投机分子提供了可乘之机。次,由于经济全球化条件下世界范围内市场力量的加强,以及发达国家大跨国公司的不断扩张,有可能冲击发展中国家的一些国内产业,威胁其国内市场安全,使发展中国家在经济事务中的权力相对减弱。
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zhengriqiao19
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Since 90's in 20 centuries, the international economic situation took place important variety, presenting many development trends, include:Economic globalization,take the information technique as the market of the new technique revolution,the world economy of the direction to turn and economic integral whole in district turn etc..Among them, the economic globalization is the development trend that the contemporary world economy can't converse, the decision and common citizen that relate to to the international community government slice the body benefits, it influences already increasingly to pay attention to extensively for the international social.

Say for the large developing country, economic globalization just like in a"double blade sword".The new opportunity of the flourishing nations in bringing to chase for the developing country, promote it the economic development also puts forward a new challenge to the sovereignty and economic safety of the developing country inevitably in the meantime, producing much negative influence even is to the serious impact of the developing country economy.
Economic globalization to the opportunity of the developing country:

The first, the economic world changed into developing country to provide more condition and the opportunity that draw on foreign capitals.The extension that draws on the foreign capital scale contributes to a missing problem of the funds that resolves developing country doubtless.

The second, the economic world changed into hurl outside the capital of the developing country to create the beneficial exterior environment and condition, making it invest scale outward and directly to extend continuously, the growth is quick.

The third, the economic globalization aroused economy inside the scope in world and technique to develop area and protect various developments of areas with freely economic forms, such as the tax area and the free trade area...etc..

The fourth, the economic globalization makes the industrial structure in the world scope adjust to turn further and deeply, step enlargement.The developing country can make use of this chance, following to have a foothold reality with fix attention on future organic unify, moderate the relation between scope industrial structure in good world adjustment and local industrial upgrading actively.

The fifth, the economic globalization promoted the developing country multinational company develop, making it strengthen gradually in the competition ability of the market of the world.But see from the development trend, changes into the opportunity that the developing country provided to participate an international competition actively in the more extensive realm because of the economic world, the developing country multinational company is active more progressively to can be expected soon in ages of economic satge in world.

The sixth, the economic globalization pulled to move the quick development of the international trade.Though the flourishing nation is the biggest the one who be subjected to benefit of the international trade, the developing country is a particularly Asian developing country to also is subjected to a benefit in the international trade, its trade volume accounts for 20% of trade total amount in world about.

Economic globalization to the challenge of the developing country

The challenge that the economic globalization bring is more rigorous, developing country at the time of sharing parts of benefitses that the economic globalization bring with flourishing nation, but bear the serious impact that the negative effect that the economic globalization bring even is economic to the our country.The economic globalization mainly has to the challenge of the developing country:

The first, the developing country is placed in a disadvantageous position in the current economic globalization progress.Because the world trade and the world produce the quick development of the system, and continuously extend of the multinational company and its capital, make the race economy of the developing country face more and more big pressure and pound at, depend on sex to the flourishing nation to also enlarge continuously.The flourishing nation controls international economic system, controling advantages, such as funds and technique...etc. in hand, throwing far and far most developing countries in the behind in the economic globalization.

The second, economic globalization under of the financial globalization brought to allow of no to neglect at the time of pushing an economic growth of developing country of the financial risk and economic impact.Currently, 24 hours the global financial market of the electronical bargain has already become, also providing the machine that can multiply by for not a few speculation members of the financial circles at the time of trading to provide larger convenience for the market.Time, because under economic globalization condition the market strength inside the world scope strengthen, and the flourishing and national big multinational company extend continuously, pounding at some local industries of the developing country probably, threatenning its local market a safety, making developing country opposite to die down in the power in the economic business.
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就是嘛,弄那么多,看了都晕。
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gustine
2007-04-03 · TA获得超过688个赞
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太多啦
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