Question

英语试题 高考题 求讲解 求翻译

The science of medicine, __ very rapid progress has been made lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.

A. on which B. by which C. in which D. from which

Answer 1

答案：C

翻译：医学最近飞速进步，它有可能是所有科学中最重要的。

解释：此题考查非限制性定语从句。
1. 句子主干是：The science of medicine is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.
而 ___ very rapid progress has been made lately为非限制性定语从句，修饰此句主语the science of medicine.
2. 根据定语从句的基本特点：关系代词(which)代替先行词(the science of medicine)，并在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
把先行词the science of medicine放入该定语从句中，考虑句子的连接，即为：
very rapid progress has been made (in the science of medicine) lately
3. 该句中含有make progress in...“在...方面取得进步/进展”的被动结构：progress be made in...，时态为现在完成时。
所以变化如下：very rapid progress has been made (in the science of medicine) lately
= very rapid progress has been made (in which) lately
= (in which) very rapid progress has been made lately
4. 倒装解释：定语从句中的关系代词一般放在定语从句句首，而此句中的which又做介词in的宾语，所以习惯上会把介词和关系代词一起提前。
再如：This is the city in which I lived last year.
其中：in which I lived last year
= I lived in which last year
= I lived in the city last year

Answer 2

选C。
两个逗号间是非限定定语从句。直译为“医科，近来在这一科学领域中取得了飞速的进步，可能是所有科学中最总要的（科学）。合适的翻译可为：医科可能是所有科学中最重要的科学，近来在这一领域中取得了飞速的进步。改写为：
The science of medicine is perhaps the most important of all the sciences and very rapid grogress has been made in this field lately.

Answer 3

The science of medicine, __ very rapid progress has been made lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.

A. on which B. by which C. in which D. from which
答：C
非限制性定语从句还原成Very rapid progress has been made ____ the science of medicine lately的介词填空。显然是填in
近年来医药学进展迅速，是所有科学中最重要的。

Answer 4

选C。which代指science，用介词in。中间都是废话，主要就是两边的两个句子，意思就是，之后进步迅速的科技中，机器的科技最重要。

追问

到底是which代指science才用介词in，还是因为make progress in 是固定搭配啊？为什么要倒装呢？

Answer 5

C,这是一个非限制性定语从句，make progress in 是固定表达，表示在某方面有进步

追问

到底是which代指science才用介词in，还是因为make progress in 是固定搭配啊？为什么要倒装呢？