Question

大学英语翻译，把下面一段话用汉语翻译出来，翻译的好定重谢...

(1) Nutrients might be divided into two categories based on the amount that we need. These are the macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water), which we need in relatively large amounts and the micronutrients (mineral elements and vitamins), which we need in relatively small amounts. All of the nutrients except for mineral elements and water are classified as organic chemicals because they contain the element carbon. Mineral elements and water are inorganic chemicals because they do not contain carbon. The vitamins are divided into two general categorizes based on their solubility in either water or fat. The fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E, and K; the water-soluble vitamins include vitamins C (ascorbic acid), niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, vitamin B12 and biotin. The mineral elements are divided into two categories based on the quantity of them that we need. Macroelements are those needed in relatively large amounts, while microelements are those needed in very small amounts, some example of macroelements are sodium, calcium, and phosphorus. Some example of microelements is iron, iodine, manganese, zinc, and fluorine.
（2）Title: Microbiological conditions of meats from large game animals and birds
Abstract
Large game animals and birds used for the commercial production of meat include deer of various species, wild boar, ostriches, emus and rheas, crocodiles and alligators, bison, and kangaroos. Meat from feral pigs and kangaroos is obtained from wild animals only, but much or most meat from the other game animals or birds is obtained from farmed animals. The microbiological conditions of meats from hunted animals can be compromised by poor placement of shots, the usual evisceration and sometimes further dressing of carcass in the field, and ageing of carcasses at ambient temperatures. However, the general microbiological conditions of carcasses from farmed game animals or birds slaughtered and dressed at suitable abattoirs can be comparable with or better than the microbiological conditions of carcasses from domestic animals or birds. The incidences of enteric pathogens on meat from wild or farmed game animals or birds can be less than those for meat from intensively reared domestic animals, but infection of some game meats with Trichinella or other foodborne parasites may occur.

Answer 1

1) 根据我们需要摄取的量得不同，营养成分主要可以分为两大类，即我们需要相对多量得主量元素 (碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质和水)和需要相对较少的微量元素(矿质元素和维他命)。除了矿质元素和水，所有营养成分因为含有碳元素而都被称为有机化合物。矿质元素和水则因为不含碳元素而属于无机化合物。根据在水或脂肪中的可溶性，维他命主要分为两大类。脂溶性维他命为维他命A, D, E和K，水溶性维他命则包括维他命C (维生素C), 烟酸, 硫胺、维生素B2、叶酸、泛酸、维生素B6，维他命B12和维生素H。根据所需矿物质的量得不同，矿质元素主要分为两大类：即需要量相对较多的多量元素和相对较少的微量元素。多量元素如钠、钙和磷；微量元素如铁、碘、锰、锌和氟。
（2）标题: 大型狩猎动物和鸟类的肉体的微生物状况
摘要： 用于商业肉类生产的大型狩猎动物和鸟类包括各种鹿、野猪、鸵鸟、鸸鹋和美洲驼、鳄鱼和短吻鳄、野牛和袋鼠。野猪和袋鼠的肉只能从野生动物获得，但很多或者说大多数其它大型狩猎动物和鸟类的肉都来自于家畜。 捕猎动物的肉的微生物状况会因为射击位置不当、取出内脏、气温升高导致的尸体老化等因素而受到破坏。然而，在合适的屠宰场宰杀的家养狩猎动物或鸟类的尸体的综合微生物状况与家畜相当，甚至要更好一些。野生或家养的大型狩猎动物或鸟类的肉的肠道病原体发生率要低于集中圈养的家畜的肉，但会有野肉的毛线虫或其它通过食物传播的寄生虫感染。

手工翻译，请参考！

Answer 2

根据我们的需要量，营养素可以被区分为两大类：我们需要量相对较大的宏量营养素（碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质和水）和需要量相对较小的微量营养素（矿物质和维生素）。除了矿物质和水之外，其他所有营养素都被列为有机化合物，因为它们的成分都含有碳元素。矿物质和水是无机化合物因为它们不含碳元素。维生素按照它们能被水或油脂溶解的性质被区分为两类：脂溶性维生素包括维生素A、D、E 和 K；水溶性维生素包括维生素C（抗坏血酸）、烟碱酸、硫胺素（维生素B1）、核黄素、叶酸、泛酸（维生素B5）、吡哆醇（B6)、B12 和维生素H。矿物质也按照我们需要量的大小定为两类: 宏量元素（如钠、钙、磷）及微量元素（如铁、碘、锰、锌和氟）。

(2) 标题：大型野兽和野禽肉类中的微生物情况

内容摘要：

已透过商业加工出品的大型野兽和野禽肉类包括各种鹿类、野猪、鸵鸟、鸸鹋、美洲驼、美洲和非洲鳄鱼、野牛和袋鼠。除了野猪和袋鼠的肉是属于纯野生外，其他大部分所谓野兽和禽类的肉都来自于人工放养的园区。野外猎获的微生物情况可能因为诸多原因而比较突出，包括猎物受枪击部位、常用的开膛去脏法和其他在野外的处理兽尸手段、兽尸在大气常温中的腐化等等。然而，在大型养殖场中放养后被合格的屠宰场所处理过的大型兽肉或禽肉，它们的微生物情况可以和家禽家畜差堪比拟，甚至有时还更好些。对于野生放养禽兽中出现肠内病原菌的情形比起封闭式饲养家禽家畜的肉类可能会少些，但是受到旋毛线虫或其他经由食物链衍生的寄生虫感染的情况，在某些野兽肉中较易发生。

Answer 3

(1) Nutrients might be divided into two categories based on the amount that we need. These are the macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water), which we need in relatively large amounts and the micronutrients (mineral elements and vitamins), which we need in relatively small amounts. All of the nutrients except for mineral elements and water are classified as organic chemicals because they contain the element carbon. Mineral elements and water are inorganic chemicals because they do not contain carbon.
（1） 营养成分根据我们的需要可分为两种：大量营养(如碳水化合物,脂肪,担保和水), 都是我们大量需要的;另一种是微量营养(矿物质,维生素) 是我们较少量需要的。所有的营养元素除了矿物质和水都可划分为有机物，因为他们含碳元素。矿物质和水是无机物，因为它们不含碳。

The vitamins are divided into two general categorizes based on their solubility in either water or fat. The fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E, and K; the water-soluble vitamins include vitamins C (ascorbic acid), niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, vitamin B12 and biotin.

维生素根据是否溶解于水或油脂又分为两大类。可溶于油脂的有维生素A,D,E和K。水溶性的有维生素c(抗坏血酸)、烟酸、硫胺素, 核黄素、叶酸、泛酸、吡哆醇, 维生素B12和生物素。

The mineral elements are divided into two categories based on the quantity of them that we need. Macroelements are those needed in relatively large amounts, while microelements are those needed in very small amounts, some example of macroelements are sodium, calcium, and phosphorus. Some example of microelements is iron, iodine, manganese, zinc, and fluorine.
矿物质根据我们需要的量可分为两类。需要量大的是多量元素，需要量少的是微量元素。多量元素例如硫，钙，磷，微量元素例如：贴碘，锌和氟。

（2）Title: Microbiological conditions of meats from large game animals and birds
（2）题目：大型猎獣和鸟类的微生物环境

概要

Large game animals and birds used for the commercial production of meat include deer of various species, wild boar, ostriches, emus and rheas, crocodiles and alligators, bison, and kangaroos. Meat from feral pigs and kangaroos is obtained from wild animals only, but much or most meat from the other game animals or birds is obtained from farmed animals.
用于商业产肉的大型猎物兽和鸟类包括多种种群，如野猪，火鸡，鸵鸟和美洲鸵，鳄鱼，蟒蛇，野牛和袋鼠。野猪和袋鼠的肉只来自野生动物，但其他各种兽鸟可以通过牧场放牧获得。

The microbiological conditions of meats from hunted animals can be compromised by poor placement of shots, the usual evisceration and sometimes further dressing of carcass in the field, and ageing of carcasses at ambient temperatures.

猎获的动物微生物状况可能受影响，一般原因有射猎位置不好，取内脏不当，有时野外分割加工，以及在常温环境下久置等。

However, the general microbiological conditions of carcasses from farmed game animals or birds slaughtered and dressed at suitable abattoirs can be comparable with or better than the microbiological conditions of carcasses from domestic animals or birds. The incidences of enteric pathogens on meat from wild or farmed game animals or birds can be less than those for meat from intensively reared domestic animals, but infection of some game meats with Trichinella or other foodborne parasites may occur.

然而，通过在适当的屠宰场中进行屠宰和加工，牧养的狩猎兽禽肉中微生物状况可以与饲养动物的微生物状况相似，或好于后者。 肉类肠道病原体在野生或牧养的猎物猎禽中的发生率低于完全圈养动物，但旋毛虫或其他食源性寄生虫的感染在猎物猎禽肉类中可能产生。

全人工翻译，既然翻了还是贴上去吧，供楼主参考。

Answer 4

(1) Nutrients might be divided into two categories based on the amount that we need. These are the macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water), which we need in relatively large amounts and the micronutrients (mineral elements and vitamins), which we need in relatively small amounts. All of the nutrients except for mineral elements and water are classified as organic chemicals because they contain the element carbon. Mineral elements and water are inorganic chemicals because they do not contain carbon. The vitamins are divided into two general categorizes based on their solubility in either water or fat. The fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E, and K; the water-soluble vitamins include vitamins C (ascorbic acid), niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, vitamin B12 and biotin. The mineral elements are divided into two categories based on the quantity of them that we need. Macroelements are those needed in relatively large amounts, while microelements are those needed in very small amounts, some example of macroelements are sodium, calcium, and phosphorus. Some example of microelements is iron, iodine, manganese, zinc, and fluorine.
1) 根据我们需要摄取的量得不同，营养成分主要可以分为两大类，即我们需要相对多量得主量元素 (碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质和水)和需要相对较少的微量元素(矿质元素和维他命)。除了矿质元素和水，所有营养成分因为含有碳元素而都被称为有机化合物。矿质元素和水则因为不含碳元素而属于无机化合物。根据在水或脂肪中的可溶性，维他命主要分为两大类。脂溶性维他命为维他命A, D, E和K，水溶性维他命则包括维他命C (维生素C), 烟酸, 硫胺、维生素B2、叶酸、泛酸、维生素B6，维他命B12和维生素H。根据所需矿物质的量得不同，矿质元素主要分为两大类：即需要量相对较多的多量元素和相对较少的微量元素。多量元素如钠、钙和磷；微量元素如铁、碘、锰、锌和氟。
（2）Title: Microbiological conditions of meats from large game animals and birds
Abstract
Large game animals and birds used for the commercial production of meat include deer of various species, wild boar, ostriches, emus and rheas, crocodiles and alligators, bison, and kangaroos. Meat from feral pigs and kangaroos is obtained from wild animals only, but much or most meat from the other game animals or birds is obtained from farmed animals. The microbiological conditions of meats from hunted animals can be compromised by poor placement of shots, the usual evisceration and sometimes further dressing of carcass in the field, and ageing of carcasses at ambient temperatures. However, the general microbiological conditions of carcasses from farmed game animals or birds slaughtered and dressed at suitable abattoirs can be comparable with or better than the microbiological conditions of carcasses from domestic animals or birds. The incidences of enteric pathogens on meat from wild or farmed game animals or birds can be less than those for meat from intensively reared domestic animals, but infection of some game meats with Trichinella or other foodborne parasites may occur.
（2）标题: 大型狩猎动物和鸟类的肉体的微生物状况
摘要： 用于商业肉类生产的大型狩猎动物和鸟类包括各种鹿、野猪、鸵鸟、鸸鹋和美洲驼、鳄鱼和短吻鳄、野牛和袋鼠。野猪和袋鼠的肉只能从野生动物获得，但很多或者说大多数其它大型狩猎动物和鸟类的肉都来自于家畜。 捕猎动物的肉的微生物状况会因为射击位置不当、取出内脏、气温升高导致的尸体老化等因素而受到破坏。然而，在合适的屠宰场宰杀的家养狩猎动物或鸟类的尸体的综合微生物状况与家畜相当，甚至要更好一些。野生或家养的大型狩猎动物或鸟类的肉的肠道病原体发生率要低于集中圈养的家畜的肉，但会有野肉的毛线虫或其它通过食物传播的寄生虫感染。