求专业地质类翻译 30
Whereasthemodelpresentedhererelatestoonemajorcontrol(base-levelchanges)itwouldbenativ...
Whereas the model presented here relates to one major control (base-level changes) it would
be native to suggest that it will be applicable to all fluvial systems. Such systems are highly variable and responsive to minor changes in climate or tectonic activity. Whether a river system stores sediment on its floodplain or releases it is a highly complex problem as illustrated by the study of the Paria River drainage basin in Utah and Arizona, by Graf et al. (1991). More fundamentally the complex responses shown by alluvial systems are an inherent, intrinsic property(Schumm, 1973, 1975). One key aspect of the conceptual models for geomorphic development of alluvial systems is that areas in the same drainage basin, or even along the same river system may not respond in the same way to extrinsic factors (Schumm, 1975; Nanson, 1986); stated simply, rivers behave in complex ways and determining which factors trigger which changes will always be difficult.
Fluvial systems are extremely susceptible to a range of environmental factors. During the long time periods in which major third-order sequences develop, other factors, especially climate,
may have changed, creating ‘noise’ in the stratal patterns. Schumm (1975) has argued for a hierarchy and bundling of cycles in alluvial sequences, with major tectonic cycles, secondary (climatic?) cycles and third-order ones related to geomorphic thresholds. His fourth- and fifth-order cycles relate to complex responses and perhaps seasonal factors, respectively. It remains to be seen if, amongst all this potential ‘noise’, broad stratal patterns can be determined.
Changes in base-level will also affect the rates of erosion in the drainage basins as gradients increase or decrease. The rate of sediment supply will have a profound effect on whether certain parts of the systems tracts are developed. Whereas our model envisages an increased channel-to-floodplain sediment ratio in the early to mid-highstand reflecting increased channel combing caused by lower rates of floodplain aggradation, reduced gradients in the drainage basin might, conceivably, have resulted in reduced rates of sediment supply, favouring less coarse-grained sediment. The channel deposits should be finer grained than, for example, those associated with late highstand and lowstand deposits, but would still be more likely account for a higher proportion of the fluvial lithosome.
The simple model presented here is a single hypothetical cross-section ‘somewhere’ in a fluvial system. It is necessary to consider how these sequences will vary from a proximal to distal
position along a system and what changes in the river might be expected as the thalweg length changes during a sea-level rise and fall.
能不能来点不是机器翻译的。。。 展开
be native to suggest that it will be applicable to all fluvial systems. Such systems are highly variable and responsive to minor changes in climate or tectonic activity. Whether a river system stores sediment on its floodplain or releases it is a highly complex problem as illustrated by the study of the Paria River drainage basin in Utah and Arizona, by Graf et al. (1991). More fundamentally the complex responses shown by alluvial systems are an inherent, intrinsic property(Schumm, 1973, 1975). One key aspect of the conceptual models for geomorphic development of alluvial systems is that areas in the same drainage basin, or even along the same river system may not respond in the same way to extrinsic factors (Schumm, 1975; Nanson, 1986); stated simply, rivers behave in complex ways and determining which factors trigger which changes will always be difficult.
Fluvial systems are extremely susceptible to a range of environmental factors. During the long time periods in which major third-order sequences develop, other factors, especially climate,
may have changed, creating ‘noise’ in the stratal patterns. Schumm (1975) has argued for a hierarchy and bundling of cycles in alluvial sequences, with major tectonic cycles, secondary (climatic?) cycles and third-order ones related to geomorphic thresholds. His fourth- and fifth-order cycles relate to complex responses and perhaps seasonal factors, respectively. It remains to be seen if, amongst all this potential ‘noise’, broad stratal patterns can be determined.
Changes in base-level will also affect the rates of erosion in the drainage basins as gradients increase or decrease. The rate of sediment supply will have a profound effect on whether certain parts of the systems tracts are developed. Whereas our model envisages an increased channel-to-floodplain sediment ratio in the early to mid-highstand reflecting increased channel combing caused by lower rates of floodplain aggradation, reduced gradients in the drainage basin might, conceivably, have resulted in reduced rates of sediment supply, favouring less coarse-grained sediment. The channel deposits should be finer grained than, for example, those associated with late highstand and lowstand deposits, but would still be more likely account for a higher proportion of the fluvial lithosome.
The simple model presented here is a single hypothetical cross-section ‘somewhere’ in a fluvial system. It is necessary to consider how these sequences will vary from a proximal to distal
position along a system and what changes in the river might be expected as the thalweg length changes during a sea-level rise and fall.
能不能来点不是机器翻译的。。。 展开
2个回答
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Whereas the model presented here relates to one major control (base-level changes) it would
而模型提出了一种控制关系到一个主要变化(基准面)
be native to suggest that it will be applicable to all fluvial systems.
是土生土长的建议它将适用于所有河流系统。
Such systems are highly variable and responsive to minor changes in climate or tectonic activity.
这些系统都高度可变的责任感和轻微的气候变化或构造活动的影响。
Whether a river system stores sediment on its floodplain or releases it is a highly complex problem as illustrated by the study of the Paria River drainage basin in Utah and Arizona, by Graf et al.
水系沉积物是否商店在其泛滥原或释放,是一个非常复杂的问题的说明了研究的Paria河流域的犹他州和亚利桑那州,由格拉芙孙俐。
(1991).
(1991)。
More fundamentally the complex responses shown by alluvial systems are an inherent, intrinsic property(Schumm, 1973, 1975).
更根本的问题是复杂的反应显示,系统是一个固有冲积物(Schumm固有属性,1973年,1975年)。
One key aspect of the conceptual models for geomorphic development of alluvial systems is that areas in the same drainage basin, or even along the same river system may not respond in the same way to extrinsic factors (Schumm, 1975; Nanson, 1986); stated simply, rivers behave in complex ways and determining which factors trigger which changes will always be difficult.
一个关键的方面发展的概念模型是地理地貌区域冲积系统在同一流域,甚至沿着同一条河流系统可能没有反应,在相同的方式(Schumm外在因素;Nanson,1975年,1986年);简单来讲,河流表现在复杂的方式,并确定哪个因素引发的变化总将是困难的。
Fluvial systems are extremely susceptible to a range of environmental factors.
河流系统是非常容易受到一系列的环境因素。
During the long time periods in which major third-order sequences develop, other factors, especially climate,
在漫长的时期的发展,其主要的三阶序列,其它因素,尤其是气候,
may have changed, creating ‘noise’ in the stratal patterns.
可能没有改变,创造“噪声”stratal模式。
Schumm (1975) has argued for a hierarchy and bundling of cycles in alluvial sequences, with major tectonic cycles, secondary (climatic?) cycles and third-order ones related to geomorphic thresholds.
Schumm(1975)曾争辩说某一层次和捆绑的周期序列,主要建筑冲积扇、二次(气候循环周期和三阶的?)与地貌的阈值。
His fourth- and fifth-order cycles relate to complex responses and perhaps seasonal factors, respectively.
他的第四次——和层序与复杂反应周期,或许季节性因素,分别。
It remains to be seen if, amongst all this potential ‘noise’, broad stratal patterns can be determined.
人们将拭目以待,在所有这潜在的“噪音”,广泛stratal模式被确定。
Changes in base-level will also affect the rates of erosion in the drainage basins as gradients increase or decrease.
基准面的变化也将影响利率的侵蚀在排水盆作为梯度递增比例或者逐年递减比例。
The rate of sediment supply will have a profound effect on whether certain parts of the systems tracts are developed.
沉积物供给的速度将会有极深的影响是否体系域的某些部分的开发。
Changes in base-level will also affect the rates of erosion in the drainage basins as gradients increase or decrease.
基准面的变化也将影响利率的侵蚀在排水盆作为梯度递增比例或者逐年递减比例。
The rate of sediment supply will have a profound effect on whether certain parts of the systems tracts are developed.
沉积物供给的速度将会有极深的影响是否体系域的某些部分的开发。
Whereas our model envisages an increased channel-to-floodplain sediment ratio in the early to mid-highstand reflecting increased channel combing caused by lower rates of floodplain aggradation, reduced gradients in the drainage basin might, conceivably, have resulted in reduced rates of sediment supply, favouring less coarse-grained sediment.
而我们的模型设想channel-to-floodplain比增加沉积物早期到mid-highstand增加引起的反射通道结合的比率要低,减少了梯度泛滥原沉积在排水盆极有可能降低利率,获得了更少的沉积物供给,偏袒细粒沉积物。
The channel deposits should be finer grained than, for example, those associated with late highstand and lowstand deposits, but would still be more likely account for a higher proportion of the fluvial lithosome.
英吉利海峡存款应该细粒比,例如,和低位体系域晚期治疗高位有关存款,但仍然会更有可能占更高比例的河流lithosome。
The simple model presented here is a single hypothetical cross-section ‘somewhere’ in a fluvial system.
这里介绍的简单模型是一个单一的某个地方的假想截面在河流系统。
It is necessary to consider how these sequences will vary from a proximal to distal
有必要考虑如何将这些顺序会偏离近远端
position along a system and what changes in the river might be expected as the thalweg length changes during a sea-level rise and fall.
沿着系统和什么位置的变化可以预计的河流沿线长度改变在海平面上升与下降。
而模型提出了一种控制关系到一个主要变化(基准面)
be native to suggest that it will be applicable to all fluvial systems.
是土生土长的建议它将适用于所有河流系统。
Such systems are highly variable and responsive to minor changes in climate or tectonic activity.
这些系统都高度可变的责任感和轻微的气候变化或构造活动的影响。
Whether a river system stores sediment on its floodplain or releases it is a highly complex problem as illustrated by the study of the Paria River drainage basin in Utah and Arizona, by Graf et al.
水系沉积物是否商店在其泛滥原或释放,是一个非常复杂的问题的说明了研究的Paria河流域的犹他州和亚利桑那州,由格拉芙孙俐。
(1991).
(1991)。
More fundamentally the complex responses shown by alluvial systems are an inherent, intrinsic property(Schumm, 1973, 1975).
更根本的问题是复杂的反应显示,系统是一个固有冲积物(Schumm固有属性,1973年,1975年)。
One key aspect of the conceptual models for geomorphic development of alluvial systems is that areas in the same drainage basin, or even along the same river system may not respond in the same way to extrinsic factors (Schumm, 1975; Nanson, 1986); stated simply, rivers behave in complex ways and determining which factors trigger which changes will always be difficult.
一个关键的方面发展的概念模型是地理地貌区域冲积系统在同一流域,甚至沿着同一条河流系统可能没有反应,在相同的方式(Schumm外在因素;Nanson,1975年,1986年);简单来讲,河流表现在复杂的方式,并确定哪个因素引发的变化总将是困难的。
Fluvial systems are extremely susceptible to a range of environmental factors.
河流系统是非常容易受到一系列的环境因素。
During the long time periods in which major third-order sequences develop, other factors, especially climate,
在漫长的时期的发展,其主要的三阶序列,其它因素,尤其是气候,
may have changed, creating ‘noise’ in the stratal patterns.
可能没有改变,创造“噪声”stratal模式。
Schumm (1975) has argued for a hierarchy and bundling of cycles in alluvial sequences, with major tectonic cycles, secondary (climatic?) cycles and third-order ones related to geomorphic thresholds.
Schumm(1975)曾争辩说某一层次和捆绑的周期序列,主要建筑冲积扇、二次(气候循环周期和三阶的?)与地貌的阈值。
His fourth- and fifth-order cycles relate to complex responses and perhaps seasonal factors, respectively.
他的第四次——和层序与复杂反应周期,或许季节性因素,分别。
It remains to be seen if, amongst all this potential ‘noise’, broad stratal patterns can be determined.
人们将拭目以待,在所有这潜在的“噪音”,广泛stratal模式被确定。
Changes in base-level will also affect the rates of erosion in the drainage basins as gradients increase or decrease.
基准面的变化也将影响利率的侵蚀在排水盆作为梯度递增比例或者逐年递减比例。
The rate of sediment supply will have a profound effect on whether certain parts of the systems tracts are developed.
沉积物供给的速度将会有极深的影响是否体系域的某些部分的开发。
Changes in base-level will also affect the rates of erosion in the drainage basins as gradients increase or decrease.
基准面的变化也将影响利率的侵蚀在排水盆作为梯度递增比例或者逐年递减比例。
The rate of sediment supply will have a profound effect on whether certain parts of the systems tracts are developed.
沉积物供给的速度将会有极深的影响是否体系域的某些部分的开发。
Whereas our model envisages an increased channel-to-floodplain sediment ratio in the early to mid-highstand reflecting increased channel combing caused by lower rates of floodplain aggradation, reduced gradients in the drainage basin might, conceivably, have resulted in reduced rates of sediment supply, favouring less coarse-grained sediment.
而我们的模型设想channel-to-floodplain比增加沉积物早期到mid-highstand增加引起的反射通道结合的比率要低,减少了梯度泛滥原沉积在排水盆极有可能降低利率,获得了更少的沉积物供给,偏袒细粒沉积物。
The channel deposits should be finer grained than, for example, those associated with late highstand and lowstand deposits, but would still be more likely account for a higher proportion of the fluvial lithosome.
英吉利海峡存款应该细粒比,例如,和低位体系域晚期治疗高位有关存款,但仍然会更有可能占更高比例的河流lithosome。
The simple model presented here is a single hypothetical cross-section ‘somewhere’ in a fluvial system.
这里介绍的简单模型是一个单一的某个地方的假想截面在河流系统。
It is necessary to consider how these sequences will vary from a proximal to distal
有必要考虑如何将这些顺序会偏离近远端
position along a system and what changes in the river might be expected as the thalweg length changes during a sea-level rise and fall.
沿着系统和什么位置的变化可以预计的河流沿线长度改变在海平面上升与下降。
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模型提出了一种控制关系到一个主要变化(基准面)
是土生土长的建议它将适用于所有河流系统。这些系统都高度可变的责任感和轻微的气候变化或构造活动的影响。水系沉积物是否商店在其泛滥原或释放,是一个非常复杂的问题的说明了研究的Paria河流域的犹他州和亚利桑那州,由格拉芙孙俐。(1991)。 更根本的问题是复杂的反应显示,系统是一个固有冲积物(Schumm固有属性,1973年,1975年)。一个关键的方面发展的概念模型是地理地貌区域冲积系统在同一流域,甚至沿着同一条河流系统可能没有反应,在相同的方式(Schumm外在因素;Nanson,1975年,1986年);简单来讲,河流表现在复杂的方式,并确定哪个因素引发的变化总将是困难的。
河流系统是非常容易受到一系列的环境因素。在漫长的时期的发展,其主要的三阶序列,其它因素,尤其是气候,
可能没有改变,创造“噪声”stratal模式。Schumm(1975)曾争辩说某一层次和捆绑的周期序列,主要建筑冲积扇、二次(气候循环周期和三阶的?)与地貌的阈值。他的第四次——和层序与复杂反应周期,或许季节性因素,分别。人们将拭目以待,在所有这潜在的“噪音”,广泛stratal模式被确定。
基准面的变化也将影响利率的侵蚀在排水盆作为梯度递增比例或者逐年递减比例。沉积物供给的速度将会有极深的影响是否体系域的某些部分的开发。而我们的模型设想增加channel-to-floodplain泥沙老鼠
是土生土长的建议它将适用于所有河流系统。这些系统都高度可变的责任感和轻微的气候变化或构造活动的影响。水系沉积物是否商店在其泛滥原或释放,是一个非常复杂的问题的说明了研究的Paria河流域的犹他州和亚利桑那州,由格拉芙孙俐。(1991)。 更根本的问题是复杂的反应显示,系统是一个固有冲积物(Schumm固有属性,1973年,1975年)。一个关键的方面发展的概念模型是地理地貌区域冲积系统在同一流域,甚至沿着同一条河流系统可能没有反应,在相同的方式(Schumm外在因素;Nanson,1975年,1986年);简单来讲,河流表现在复杂的方式,并确定哪个因素引发的变化总将是困难的。
河流系统是非常容易受到一系列的环境因素。在漫长的时期的发展,其主要的三阶序列,其它因素,尤其是气候,
可能没有改变,创造“噪声”stratal模式。Schumm(1975)曾争辩说某一层次和捆绑的周期序列,主要建筑冲积扇、二次(气候循环周期和三阶的?)与地貌的阈值。他的第四次——和层序与复杂反应周期,或许季节性因素,分别。人们将拭目以待,在所有这潜在的“噪音”,广泛stratal模式被确定。
基准面的变化也将影响利率的侵蚀在排水盆作为梯度递增比例或者逐年递减比例。沉积物供给的速度将会有极深的影响是否体系域的某些部分的开发。而我们的模型设想增加channel-to-floodplain泥沙老鼠
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