Question

急需，帮忙翻译这篇文章

事情当然不是这么简单。高效率地为不断增加的世界人口提供商品和服务这一需要既损伤了我们的物质环境又损伤了社会环境；而且为迎接新挑战所付出的努力给经理人员提出了新的、有时是难以预料的道德难题。例如，要利用“规模经济”的愿望已导致了组织规模的不断扩大，对传统的个人尊严和价值的道德标准造成了危害。我们同样看到，由于个人责任感的降低，利己主义的态度正在不断增加，而这一点会损害对任何商业交易来说都是至关重要的那种相互信赖和相互依存关系。
试图利用政府法律强制手段并没有缓解由增长所产生的问题。虽然这一做法使商业经理人员在为判定公司决策是否正确所做的努力中将注意力集中在诠释规则的法律方面上，但是，这并没有鼓励对经理人员行为的含义进行全面的考察，而这种考察可能使他们采取更好的方式。考虑到目前的问题，这种考察是至关重要的。这种伦理考察曾经归属哲学家和神学家来研究，而现在必须成为最实际的经理人员决策过程的一部分。商业伦理到底是什么
伦理学是对应该是什么，什么是最终的良善以及我们如何达到那一步的问题的研究。因此商业伦理学是依据这种判断对商业活动进行的研究。有一个广告经理（在制作广告中）试图决定是否要使用有欺骗性但具有说服力的方法，或者说是否要一丝不苟地实事求是。只有当他在决策过程中意识到他所做的事会带来最终的“善”以及他所采用的手段适合于实现这一目标时，他才能做出依据充分事实的决策。若没有这种意识，则他的决策程序很可能要取决于他所处的社会所提供的规则。这些规则经常很有用，同时经常又很含混或矛盾。在这种情况下，经理很可能感觉到既有义务使用现有的最有效的技巧又有义务时时诚实。既然在义务上的这种矛盾性植根于关于什么是善，应该如何实现善的矛盾的思想中，因此，只能通过在那一层次上所做的研究和决策加以解决。
这种决策不容易。例如，一些人认为，既然人类活动的最终目标是享乐，那么那些影响最多数人并能为他所带来快乐的行为从道德上讲就是正确的。按照这种方法，如果使用欺骗手段所导致的快乐多于痛苦，那么就应该使用欺骗手段。但是其他专家不同意根据一种行为的结果来判断其道德价值的这种做法；相反，他们认为行为具有内在的正确性和谬误性，与其结果无关，因此我们有“责任”去采取或不采取这些行为。“永远真诚”，不考虑其结果，经常是这种方法中要遵循的“义务”，因此无论欺骗性的广告能为多少人带来快乐，都不能被认可。鉴于当前阶段的人类智慧，通常难以在这种相互较量的且有时是不相容的道德准则中加以选择，但是如果不提出这些基本问题，即使是最实际的道德难题，根源都很可能是令人费解的。
公司的社会责任意味着一家公司应为其任何一次影响到人、社区和环境的行为负责。这意味着，如果可能，应承认并且改正对人和社会所造成的负面商业影响。如果一个公司的社会影响对该公司的一些利益共享者有严重损害或者如果其资金能用于促进一种正面的社会利益，这可能需要公司放弃一些利润。
然而，具有社会责任感并不意味着公司必须放弃其基本的经济使命；这也不意味着有社会责任感的公司不能像其它责任感稍差的公司那样获利（一些是而一些不是）。社会责任要求公司在获取的利润和获取利润所需成本之间取得平衡。很多人相信，当商业公司积极努力地承担社会责任时，商业和社会都会获益。其他人表示怀疑，说企业的竞争优势会因承担了社会任务而受到削弱。
还有这部分：
商业的社会责任是从现代公司的两个特征直接发展而来的：(a)商业为社会所发挥的基本作用；(b)商业对人们生活产生的广泛影响。我们依赖公司创造就业机会，提供社区的很多福利，提供我们所享受的生活水平，建立基本的市、州和国家服务的税收基础，以及满足我们对银行和金融服务、保险业、交通、通信、设施、娱乐和占比例越来越大的医疗保健等方面的需求。这些正面的成就表明，企业的法人形式能为社会带来相当的利益，例如，鼓励经济增长，扩大国际贸易，以及创造新技术。

Answer 1

Things of course not so simple. High efficiency for increasing the world population provide goods and services that we need both damage to the physical environment and damage the social environment; And to meet new challenges effort to managers put forward new, is sometimes difficult to predict moral conundrums. For example, to use "economies of scale" desire has led to the organization and expansion of the size of the traditional personal dignity and value standard of ethics caused the damage. We also see, due to the lower personal responsibility, egoism attitude is increasing, and it can damage to any business transaction is vital for the kind of mutual trust and interdependent relationship. Trying to use government law enforcement means did not ease the problems caused by the growth. Although this practice make business managers for judging whether corporate decision in efforts to correct interpretation will focus on the legal aspects, the rules, but this does not encourage to managers behavior the meaning of the thorough investigation, and the investigation may make them take the better way. Considering the current problem, this investigation is crucial. This ethics investigation philosophers and theologians once belonging to study, and now must become the most practical of managers part of the decision-making process. Business ethics to what exactly is what should be ethics is, what is the ultimate goodness and how we can reach the step of the problem. So business ethics is based on this kind of judgment for commercial activities of the study. One AD manager (in the manufacture advertisement) trying to decide whether to use deceptive but persuasive method, or whether to scrupulously seeking truth from facts. Only when he was in the decision-making process realized he had done will bring the final "goodness" and what he used means suited to achieve this goal, he can make the decisions. According to fully facts If there is no such consciousness, then he decision-making procedure is likely to depend on him in the rules society offers. These rules are often useful while often again very vague or conflict. In this case, the manager is very likely to feel both obligation to use existing most effective skills and have the obligation to always honest. Since the contradiction in duty about what is good, rooted in the contradictions of how to realize the good should, therefore, the ideas, only by a level in the research and decision to try to solve. This decision is not easy. For example, some people think that, since the ultimate goal of human activities, then those who are most affected pleasure for most people and he bring happiness behavior morally is correct. According to this method, if use cheating than pain as a result of happiness, then we should use deception. But other experts disagree on the result of an act to judge its moral value of this kind of practice; Instead, they think behavior has an inherent fallacy, instead of accuracy and independent, so we have the "responsibility" to these actions taken or not taken. "Forever sincere", regardless of the results, this is often the method of "obligation" to follow, so no matter how deceptive advertising can bring happiness, can be recognized. In view of the current stage of human intelligence, normally hard in this mutual battle and sometimes are incompatible moral standards to choose, but if you don't put these basic problem, even is the most practical ethical problem, roots are probably is inexplicable. Corporate social responsibility means that a company should be any time affect people, community and environmental behavior. This means that, if possible, should admit and correct caused to human and society the negative commercial influence. If a company's social impact on the company's share some interests who have serious damage, or if its funds can be used to promote a positive social interests, it may require the company to give up some profits. However, with social responsibility does not mean that companies must give up its basic economic mission; This doesn't mean that the company can't have social responsibility is a bit poor like other responsibility as the company profit (and some and some not). Social responsibilities requires companies to gain profit margins and balance the cost. Many people believe that when commercial companies working to social responsibility, business and social will benefit. Others doubt, said the competitive advantage of enterprises will be offsetting the social mission and weakened.

Company responsibility responsibility behavior responsibility social responsibility social responsibility behavior responsibility

纵横法律网 贵铸律师

追问

请问最后面追加的部分，是不是不全啊，可不可发个全的

Answer 2

Of course it is not so simple. High efficiency for the growing world population needs of both goods and services that damage our physical environment but also damage the social environment; but also new challenges for their efforts to put new managers, and sometimes is difficult to predict ethical dilemma. For example, to take advantage of "economies of scale," the desire to have led to expanding the size of organizations, the traditional values of personal dignity and the moral standards of causing harm. We also see that the decrease due to personal responsibility, the attitude of self-interest is increasing, and this would undermine any business transactions is critical to the kind of mutual trust and interdependence.
Means of trying to use government laws to force growth does not alleviate the problems arising. Although this approach allows business managers to determine the correct corporate decision-making efforts will focus on the legal aspects of interpretation of the rules, but it does not encourage managers to conduct a comprehensive study the meaning, and This study may enable them to take a better way. Given the current problems, this study is essential. This study was attributable to ethical philosophers and theologians to study, and now must become managers of the most practical part of decision-making process. What is business ethics in the end
Ethics is what should be, what is the ultimate goodness and how we reach that step of the problem. So business ethics is based on commercial activities such judgments on the research conducted. An advertising executive (in the production of advertisements) trying to decide whether to use a deceptive but convincing way, or whether to meticulously realistic. Only when he realized that his decision-making process will be done to bring the final "good" and the means he used for achieving this goal, he can make decisions based on the full facts. Without this awareness, then his decision-making process is likely to depend on his social provided by the rules. These rules are often very useful, and often brings a vague or contradictory. In this case, both the duty manager is likely to feel the most effective use of existing techniques have obligation to always be honest. Since the obligations of this contradiction is rooted in on what is good, how good the conflict should be thought, therefore, can only be done at that level of research and decision-making to be addressed.
This decision was not easy. For example, some people believe that since the ultimate goal of human activity is fun, those most affected and most people bring happiness for his behavior is morally correct. In this way, if you use deception than the pain caused by happiness, you should use deception. But other experts do not agree with the results based on an act to determine its moral value of this approach; Instead, they believe that the intrinsic behavior of the correctness and error, nothing to do with the results, so we have a "responsibility" to take or not take these acts. "Always sincere," not to consider the results of this approach is often to follow the "duty", so no matter how many deceptive advertising can bring happiness, not to be recognized. Given the current phase of human wisdom, it is often difficult in this contest, and sometimes mutually incompatible moral guidelines to choose, but if you do not raise these fundamental questions, even the most practical and moral problems, root causes are likely to be made people to understand.
Corporate social responsibility means that any time a company should be its impact on people, communities and the environment behavior. This means that, if possible, should recognize and correct for the negative social and commercial impact. If a company's social impact of some of the company's stakeholders are seriously damaged or if the funds can be used to promote a positive social benefit, which may require the company to give up some profits.
However, with social responsibility does not mean the company must abandon its basic economic mission; this does not mean that socially responsible corporate responsibility can not be like the other slightly lower as profit companies (some and some are not). Social responsibility requires companies to obtain profits and profit balance between the costs. Many people believe that when commercial companies active efforts to shoulder social responsibility, business and society will benefit. Others expressed doubts that the competitive advantage due to undertake a social mission is weakened.

Answer 3

Things of course not so simple. High efficiency for increasing the world population provide goods and services that we need both damage to the physical environment and damage the social environment; And to meet new challenges effort to managers put forward new, is sometimes difficult to predict moral conundrums. For example, to use "economies of scale" desire has led to the organization and expansion of the size of the traditional personal dignity and value standard of ethics caused the damage. We also see, due to the lower personal responsibility, egoism attitude is increasing, and it can damage to any business transaction is vital for the kind of mutual trust and interdependent relationship.

Trying to use government law enforcement means did not ease the problems caused by the growth. Although this practice make business managers for judging whether corporate decision in efforts to correct interpretation will focus on the legal aspects, the rules, but this does not encourage to managers behavior the meaning of the thorough investigation, and the investigation may make them take the better way. Considering the current problem, this investigation is crucial. This ethics investigation philosophers and theologians once belonging to study, and now must become the most practical of managers part of the decision-making process. Business ethics exactly

Ethics is what is to should be, what is the ultimate goodness and how we can reach the step of the problem. So business ethics is based on this kind of judgment for commercial activities of the study. One AD manager (in the manufacture advertisement) trying to decide whether to use deceptive but persuasive method, or whether to scrupulously seeking truth from facts. Only when he was in the decision-making process realized he had done will bring the final "goodness" and what he used means suited to achieve this goal, he can make the decisions. According to fully facts If there is no such consciousness, then he decision-making procedure is likely to depend on him in the rules society offers. These rules are often useful while often again very vague or conflict. In this case, the manager is very likely to feel both obligation to use existing most effective skills and have the obligation to always honest. Since the contradiction in duty about what is good, rooted in the contradictions of how to realize the good should, therefore, the ideas, only by a level in the research and decision to try to solve.

This decision is not easy. For example, some people think that, since the ultimate goal of human activities, then those who are most affected pleasure for most people and he bring happiness behavior morally is correct. According to this method, if use cheating than pain as a result of happiness, then we should use deception. But other experts disagree on the result of an act to judge its moral value of this kind of practice; Instead, they think behavior has an inherent fallacy, instead of accuracy and independent, so we have the "responsibility" to these actions taken or not taken. "Forever sincere", regardless of the results, this is often the method of "obligation" to follow, so no matter how deceptive advertising can bring happiness, can be recognized. In view of the current stage of human intelligence, normally hard in this mutual battle and sometimes are incompatible moral standards to choose, but if you don't put these basic problem, even is the most practical ethical problem, roots are probably is inexplicable.

Corporate social responsibility means that a company should be any time affect people, community and environmental behavior. This means that, if possible, should admit and correct caused to human and society the negative commercial influence. If a company's social impact on the company's share some interests who have serious damage, or if its funds can be used to promote a positive social interests, it may require the company to give up some profits.

However, with social responsibility does not mean that companies must give up its basic economic mission; This doesn't mean that the company can't have social responsibility is a bit poor like other responsibility as the company profit (and some and some not). Social responsibilities requires companies to gain profit margins and balance the cost. Many people believe that when commercial companies working to social responsibility, business and social will benefit. Others doubt, said the competitive advantage of enterprises will be offsetting the social mission and weakened.
and provide many benefits, provide the community that we enjoy living standards, establishing basic city, state, and national service, and the tax base to feed our Banks and financial services, insurance and transportation, communications, facilities, entertainment and increasing the proportion of medical and health needs. These positive achievement shows that corporate form considerable benefits for society, for example, encourage economic growth, and the expansion of international trade, and the creation of new technology.