英文求翻译,感激不尽!! 10
下面这段文字麻烦翻译成中文,最好语句通顺点,谢谢!!!However,whendivisionalprofitsaretaxedatdifferentmarginalra...
下面这段文字麻烦翻译成中文,最好语句通顺点,谢谢!!!
However, when divisional profits are taxed at different marginal rates, the multidivision
firm faces an explicit trade-off between the tax savings generated by using the
transfer price to reduce profits in the high tax jurisdication and the loss of effort attributable
to the resulting impact of tax avoidance on the incentive compensation of the
division managers. Our results establish that, where feasible, incentive compensation
systems based on multiple performance measures permit the multi-division firm to eliminate
this trade-off, so that the transfer pricing decision can be used to minimize the firm’s
overall tax liability. A final implication of our model is the fact that when the authority to
determine transfer prices must be delegated to one of the division managers it is optimal
to assign responsibility for setting the transfer price to the manager of the division with
the most production uncertainty.
Our model of a vertically integrated firm having divisions located in different tax
jurisdictions is presented in Section 2. In Section 3, we examine the transfer pricing
decision for the case where each managers’ incentive compensation is a linear function of
divisional profits. In Section 4, we show that when it is feasible to compensate the division
managers using multiple performance measures, the transfer price has no impact on the
optimal incentive contract and should therefore be used to minimize the firm’s overall tax
liability. Section 5 considers the case where the authority to determine the transfer price
is delegated to one of the division managers. Section 6 concludes the paper. 展开
However, when divisional profits are taxed at different marginal rates, the multidivision
firm faces an explicit trade-off between the tax savings generated by using the
transfer price to reduce profits in the high tax jurisdication and the loss of effort attributable
to the resulting impact of tax avoidance on the incentive compensation of the
division managers. Our results establish that, where feasible, incentive compensation
systems based on multiple performance measures permit the multi-division firm to eliminate
this trade-off, so that the transfer pricing decision can be used to minimize the firm’s
overall tax liability. A final implication of our model is the fact that when the authority to
determine transfer prices must be delegated to one of the division managers it is optimal
to assign responsibility for setting the transfer price to the manager of the division with
the most production uncertainty.
Our model of a vertically integrated firm having divisions located in different tax
jurisdictions is presented in Section 2. In Section 3, we examine the transfer pricing
decision for the case where each managers’ incentive compensation is a linear function of
divisional profits. In Section 4, we show that when it is feasible to compensate the division
managers using multiple performance measures, the transfer price has no impact on the
optimal incentive contract and should therefore be used to minimize the firm’s overall tax
liability. Section 5 considers the case where the authority to determine the transfer price
is delegated to one of the division managers. Section 6 concludes the paper. 展开
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然而,当分区利润按不同的边际税率, 该multidivision事务所面临一个明确的取舍,税务节省用转让价格,减少利润 在高税的决定权,而且丧失努力的原因所造成的影响的避税论 奖励补偿部经理. 我们的结果证明,如果可行的话, 激励补偿系统基于多重表现措施允许多部坚决杜绝这种权衡, 使转移定价决策,可以最大限度地减轻企业的总体税收负担. 最后蕴涵的模型是一个事实,当权威来确定转让价格必须授权 其中的部经理,是最优指派负责确定转让价格为经理 该师的大部分生产不确定性. 我们的模式是一个纵向整合的公司有分部设在不同税收管辖权是在第2. 在第3节, 我们研究转移定价决策的情况下,每个经营者激励报酬是线性的功能分区 利润. 在第4段中,我们可以发现,当它是可行的补偿部经理利用多种执行措施, 转让价格并没有对最优激励合同,因此,应采用以减少企业的 整体税务负担. 第5条认为,如果管理局确定转让价格是授之一师 经理. 第6concludes文件
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但是, 当分工的利润被以不同边缘的速度征税时, multidivision 公司面临在通过使用汇兑价格产生的税款储蓄之间的一次明确交易 降低在高税款jurisdication 和可归因于导致的避税在奖励划分经理的补偿上的影响的努力的损失内的利润。
我们的结果建立那,可行的话,基于多个性能测量的奖励补偿系统允许多划分的公司消除这次交易, 以便转移标价决定能用来使公司的总的纳税义务减到最小。
我们的模型的最后的暗示是事实那个, 当确定的权力转让价格时,必须被授予 对分配对的责任确定转移价格给划分与最多生产不确定一起的经理是最佳的的划分经理一。
我们垂直结合公司有划分位于不同税收管理的模特在第2 部分给。
在3 部分,我们检查转移标价决定给每经理的奖励补偿一分工利润的线性函数在哪里的箱。
在第4 部分, 我们显示使用多个性能测量补偿划分经理是可行的, 转移价格没有最佳的奖励签订并且因此习惯于使公司的总的纳税义务减到最小的对的影响。
第6 部分结束文章。
第5 部分考虑那些箱在哪里那些权力确定价格被委派到这划分经理之一的那些转移。
我们的结果建立那,可行的话,基于多个性能测量的奖励补偿系统允许多划分的公司消除这次交易, 以便转移标价决定能用来使公司的总的纳税义务减到最小。
我们的模型的最后的暗示是事实那个, 当确定的权力转让价格时,必须被授予 对分配对的责任确定转移价格给划分与最多生产不确定一起的经理是最佳的的划分经理一。
我们垂直结合公司有划分位于不同税收管理的模特在第2 部分给。
在3 部分,我们检查转移标价决定给每经理的奖励补偿一分工利润的线性函数在哪里的箱。
在第4 部分, 我们显示使用多个性能测量补偿划分经理是可行的, 转移价格没有最佳的奖励签订并且因此习惯于使公司的总的纳税义务减到最小的对的影响。
第6 部分结束文章。
第5 部分考虑那些箱在哪里那些权力确定价格被委派到这划分经理之一的那些转移。
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