整式加减(合并同类项)5道(不带括号)
展开全部
(1)(3x-5y)-(6x+7y)+(9x-2y)
(2)2a-[3b-5a-(3a-5b)]
(3)(6m2n-5mn2)-6(m2n-mn2)
解:(1)(3x-5y)-(6x+7y)+(9x-2y)
=3x-5y-6x-7y+9x-2y
(正确去掉括号)
=(3-6+9)x+(-5-7-2)y
(合并同类项)
=6x-14y
(2)2a-[3b-5a-(3a-5b)]
(应按小括号,中括号,大括号的顺序逐层去括号)
=2a-[3b-5a-3a+5b]
(先去小括号)
=2a-[-8a+8b]
(及时合并同类项)
=2a+8a-8b
(去中括号)
=10a-8b
(3)(6m2n-5mn2)-6(m2n-mn2)
(注意第二个括号前有因数6)
=6m2n-5mn2-2m2n+3mn2
(去括号与分配律同时进行)
=(6-2)m2n+(-5+3)mn2
(合并同类项)
=4m2n-2mn2
例2.已知:a=3x2-4xy+2y2,b=x2+2xy-5y2
求:(1)a+b
(2)a-b
(3)若2a-b+c=0,求c。
解:(1)a+b=(3x2-4xy+2y2)+(x2+2xy-5y2)
=3x2-4xy+2y2+x2+2xy-5y2(去括号)
=(3+1)x2+(-4+2)xy+(2-5)y2(合并同类项)
=4x2-2xy-3y2(按x的降幂排列)
(2)a-b=(3x2-4xy+2y2)-(x2+2xy-5y2)
=3x2-4xy+2y2-x2-2xy+5y2
(去括号)
=(3-1)x2+(-4-2)xy+(2+5)y2
(合并同类项)
=2x2-6xy+7y2
(按x的降幂排列)
(3)∵2a-b+c=0
∴c=-2a+b
=-2(3x2-4xy+2y2)+(x2+2xy-5y2)
=-6x2+8xy-4y2+x2+2xy-5y2
(去括号,注意使用分配律)
=(-6+1)x2+(8+2)xy+(-4-5)y2
(合并同类项)
=-5x2+10xy-9y2
(按x的降幂排列)
例3.计算:
(1)m2+(-mn)-n2+(-m2)-(-0.5n2)
(2)2(4an+2-an)-3an+(an+1-2an+1)-(8an+2+3an)
(3)化简:(x-y)2-(x-y)2-[(x-y)2-(x-y)2]
解:(1)m2+(-mn)-n2+(-m2)-(-0.5n2)
=m2-mn-n2-m2+n2
(去括号)
=(-)m2-mn+(-+)n2
(合并同类项)
=-m2-mn-n2
(按m的降幂排列)
合并同类项:
1.a^3-2b^3+ab(2a-b)
2.(x^2+y^2)^2-4y(x^2+y^2)+4y^2
3.(x^2+2x)^2+3(x^2+2x)+x^2+2x+3
4.(a+1)(a+2)+(2a+1)(a-2)-12
5.x^2(y+z)^2-2xy(x-z)(y+z)+y^2(x-z)^2
6.3(a+2)^2+28(a+2)-20
7.(a+b)^2-(b-c)^2+a^2-c^2
8.x(x+1)(x^2+x-1)-2
9.9x^2(x-1)^2-3(x^2-x)-56
答案:
1.
a^3-2b^3+ab(2a-b)
=a^3+2a^2b-2b^3-ab^2
=a^2(a+2b)-b^2(2b+a)
=(a+2b)(a^2-b^2)
=(a+2b)(a+b)(a-b)
2.
(x^2+y^2)^2-4y(x^2+y^2)+4y^2
=(x^2+y^2-2y)^2
3.
(x^2+2x)^2+3(x^2+2x)+x^2+2x+3
=(x^2+2x)^2+4(x^2+2x)+3
=(x^2+2x+3)(x^2+2x+1)
=(x^2+2x+3)(x+1)^2
4.
(a+1)(a+2)+(2a+1)(a-2)-12
=a^2+3a+2+2a^2-3a-2-12
=3a^2-12
=3(a+2)(a-2)
5.
x^2(y+z)^2-2xy(x-z)(y+z)+y^2(x-z)^2
=[x(y+z)-y(x-z)]^2
=(xz+yz)^2
=z^2(x+y)^2
6.
3(a+2)^2+28(a+2)-20
=[3(a+2)-2][(a+2)+10]
=(3a+4)(a+12)
7.
(a+b)^2-(b-c)^2+a^2-c^2
=(a+b)^2-c^2+a^2-(b-c)^2
=(a+b+c)(a+b-c)+(a+b-c)(a-b+c)
=(a+b-c)(a+b+c+a-b+c)
=2(a+b-c)(a+c)
8.
x(x+1)(x^2+x-1)-2
=(x^2+x)(x^2+x-1)-2
=(x^2+x)^2-(x^2+x)-2
=(x^2+x-2)(x^2+x+1)
=(x+2)(x-1)(x^2+x+1)
9.
9x^2(x-1)^2-3(x^2-x)-56
=9x^2(x-1)^2-3x(x-1)-56
=[3x(x-1)-8][3x(x-1)+7]
=(3x^2-3x-8)(3x^2-3x+7)
方程:
(5y+1)+(1-y)=(9y+1)+(1-3y)
7(2x-1)-3(4x-1)=4(3x+2)-1
答案:
5y+1+1-y=9y+1+1-3y
5y-y-9y+3y=1+1-1-1
-2y=0
y=0
14x-7-12x+3=12x+8-1
14x-12x-12x=8-1+7-3
-10x=11
x=-1.1
有理数:
3*(-1/8)-(-2)/4+(-1/2)*3/(1/4)
答案:
3*(-1/8)-(-2)/4+(-1/2)*3/(1/4)
=3*(-1/8)-(-2)*(1/4)+(-1/2)*3*4
=-3/8+1/2-6(然后做乘法)
=-3/8+1/2+(-6)(再减化加)
=1/8+(-6)(接着用交换律、结合律)
=-47/8(最后求结果)
(2)2a-[3b-5a-(3a-5b)]
(3)(6m2n-5mn2)-6(m2n-mn2)
解:(1)(3x-5y)-(6x+7y)+(9x-2y)
=3x-5y-6x-7y+9x-2y
(正确去掉括号)
=(3-6+9)x+(-5-7-2)y
(合并同类项)
=6x-14y
(2)2a-[3b-5a-(3a-5b)]
(应按小括号,中括号,大括号的顺序逐层去括号)
=2a-[3b-5a-3a+5b]
(先去小括号)
=2a-[-8a+8b]
(及时合并同类项)
=2a+8a-8b
(去中括号)
=10a-8b
(3)(6m2n-5mn2)-6(m2n-mn2)
(注意第二个括号前有因数6)
=6m2n-5mn2-2m2n+3mn2
(去括号与分配律同时进行)
=(6-2)m2n+(-5+3)mn2
(合并同类项)
=4m2n-2mn2
例2.已知:a=3x2-4xy+2y2,b=x2+2xy-5y2
求:(1)a+b
(2)a-b
(3)若2a-b+c=0,求c。
解:(1)a+b=(3x2-4xy+2y2)+(x2+2xy-5y2)
=3x2-4xy+2y2+x2+2xy-5y2(去括号)
=(3+1)x2+(-4+2)xy+(2-5)y2(合并同类项)
=4x2-2xy-3y2(按x的降幂排列)
(2)a-b=(3x2-4xy+2y2)-(x2+2xy-5y2)
=3x2-4xy+2y2-x2-2xy+5y2
(去括号)
=(3-1)x2+(-4-2)xy+(2+5)y2
(合并同类项)
=2x2-6xy+7y2
(按x的降幂排列)
(3)∵2a-b+c=0
∴c=-2a+b
=-2(3x2-4xy+2y2)+(x2+2xy-5y2)
=-6x2+8xy-4y2+x2+2xy-5y2
(去括号,注意使用分配律)
=(-6+1)x2+(8+2)xy+(-4-5)y2
(合并同类项)
=-5x2+10xy-9y2
(按x的降幂排列)
例3.计算:
(1)m2+(-mn)-n2+(-m2)-(-0.5n2)
(2)2(4an+2-an)-3an+(an+1-2an+1)-(8an+2+3an)
(3)化简:(x-y)2-(x-y)2-[(x-y)2-(x-y)2]
解:(1)m2+(-mn)-n2+(-m2)-(-0.5n2)
=m2-mn-n2-m2+n2
(去括号)
=(-)m2-mn+(-+)n2
(合并同类项)
=-m2-mn-n2
(按m的降幂排列)
合并同类项:
1.a^3-2b^3+ab(2a-b)
2.(x^2+y^2)^2-4y(x^2+y^2)+4y^2
3.(x^2+2x)^2+3(x^2+2x)+x^2+2x+3
4.(a+1)(a+2)+(2a+1)(a-2)-12
5.x^2(y+z)^2-2xy(x-z)(y+z)+y^2(x-z)^2
6.3(a+2)^2+28(a+2)-20
7.(a+b)^2-(b-c)^2+a^2-c^2
8.x(x+1)(x^2+x-1)-2
9.9x^2(x-1)^2-3(x^2-x)-56
答案:
1.
a^3-2b^3+ab(2a-b)
=a^3+2a^2b-2b^3-ab^2
=a^2(a+2b)-b^2(2b+a)
=(a+2b)(a^2-b^2)
=(a+2b)(a+b)(a-b)
2.
(x^2+y^2)^2-4y(x^2+y^2)+4y^2
=(x^2+y^2-2y)^2
3.
(x^2+2x)^2+3(x^2+2x)+x^2+2x+3
=(x^2+2x)^2+4(x^2+2x)+3
=(x^2+2x+3)(x^2+2x+1)
=(x^2+2x+3)(x+1)^2
4.
(a+1)(a+2)+(2a+1)(a-2)-12
=a^2+3a+2+2a^2-3a-2-12
=3a^2-12
=3(a+2)(a-2)
5.
x^2(y+z)^2-2xy(x-z)(y+z)+y^2(x-z)^2
=[x(y+z)-y(x-z)]^2
=(xz+yz)^2
=z^2(x+y)^2
6.
3(a+2)^2+28(a+2)-20
=[3(a+2)-2][(a+2)+10]
=(3a+4)(a+12)
7.
(a+b)^2-(b-c)^2+a^2-c^2
=(a+b)^2-c^2+a^2-(b-c)^2
=(a+b+c)(a+b-c)+(a+b-c)(a-b+c)
=(a+b-c)(a+b+c+a-b+c)
=2(a+b-c)(a+c)
8.
x(x+1)(x^2+x-1)-2
=(x^2+x)(x^2+x-1)-2
=(x^2+x)^2-(x^2+x)-2
=(x^2+x-2)(x^2+x+1)
=(x+2)(x-1)(x^2+x+1)
9.
9x^2(x-1)^2-3(x^2-x)-56
=9x^2(x-1)^2-3x(x-1)-56
=[3x(x-1)-8][3x(x-1)+7]
=(3x^2-3x-8)(3x^2-3x+7)
方程:
(5y+1)+(1-y)=(9y+1)+(1-3y)
7(2x-1)-3(4x-1)=4(3x+2)-1
答案:
5y+1+1-y=9y+1+1-3y
5y-y-9y+3y=1+1-1-1
-2y=0
y=0
14x-7-12x+3=12x+8-1
14x-12x-12x=8-1+7-3
-10x=11
x=-1.1
有理数:
3*(-1/8)-(-2)/4+(-1/2)*3/(1/4)
答案:
3*(-1/8)-(-2)/4+(-1/2)*3/(1/4)
=3*(-1/8)-(-2)*(1/4)+(-1/2)*3*4
=-3/8+1/2-6(然后做乘法)
=-3/8+1/2+(-6)(再减化加)
=1/8+(-6)(接着用交换律、结合律)
=-47/8(最后求结果)
本回答被提问者采纳
已赞过
已踩过<
评论
收起
你对这个回答的评价是?
推荐律师服务:
若未解决您的问题,请您详细描述您的问题,通过百度律临进行免费专业咨询