Question

求高手帮忙翻译成中文，谢谢。

Patients who receive long-term total parenteral nutrition( TPN ) have an increased incidence of both calculous and acalculous chilecystitis. Objective: To establish guidelines for the clinical management of patients with TPN-induced gallbladder disease, we have reviewed the records of 35 patients who have undergone cholecystectomy for this problem in the past ten years at the Medical Center, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. Methods: The mean age of the 23 adult and 12 children who had cholecystectomy was 29.1 years. Forty percent of these patients required emergency Cholecystectomy. Results: The overall operative morbidity was 54 percent, and the hospital mortality was 11 percent. Significant factors contributing to this high rate of complications included a delay in diagnosis, especially in the young children, and increased operative difficulty due to extensive adhesion and intraoperative hemorrhage.
Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that patients receiving long-term TPN should have a program of ultrasound surveilance for gallstone formation, elective cholecystectomy when stones first appear, and consideration of cholecystectomy at the time of laparotomy performed for other reasons. Whether TPN-induced gallstone can be prevented through daily stimulated gallbladder emptying awaits the results of further studies

Answer 1

接受长期全肠外营养的病人在结石症和结石红番椒膀胱炎。目的：建立诱发型全肠外营养胆囊疾病病人的临床管理的指导方针，我们就医疗中心、医学院、加利福尼亚大学、洛杉矶在过去的十年对于这个问题已经复查了35个经历过胆囊切除术的病人。方法：做过胆囊切除术的23岁成年人和12岁的孩子平均年龄是29.1岁。这些病人的40%需要紧急胆囊切除术。结果：整个手术发病率为54%，医院的死亡率为11%。重要因素促成了它的高比率的并发症包括延误诊断，尤其是在年幼的孩子，还有由于广泛粘连和术中出血增加的手术难度。
结论：我们的分析建议接受长期的全肠外营养的病人应该有个超声监测胆囊结石形成的计划，当结石开始形成时选择的做胆囊切除术，考虑其他原因在剖腹手术进行时候做胆囊切除术。
诱发型全肠外营养胆石是否能通过每天刺激胆囊排空而被阻止等待更深的研究结果。