Question

急！哪位英雄大侠能帮我用英语翻译一下，非常非常感谢！

第1章 绪 论
1.1汽车发动机再制造技术的国内外研究现状
长期以来，我国汽车维修企业存在分布散、管理松、成分杂、技术水平低的特点。有些维修企业不管自己有没有汽车大修的资格和条件，只要看见有维修业务，就统揽下来。许多用户由于不知情或贪图便宜，往往将车辆送于这些维修企业进行大修。由于不具备必要的设备和先进完善的技术，在这种情况下，修复后的发动机的质量、性能和安全性指标根本无法得到保障。
中国发动机技术论坛大量尚有使用价值的旧发动机无法修复而得不到充分利用，从而造成材料的浪费和环境的污染。就算用户将发动机送到有维修资质的修理厂维修，也会因维修时间长、维修成本高而造成经济损失。因此近年来，发动机再制造技术已经引起了人们越来越多的关注，如何使它规范、健康地发展也成了许多业内人士研究讨论的课题。 前些年，尤其是加入WTO前后，在相当多的人对中国汽车产业发展前景感到迷茫、困惑和悲观时，我们强调中国汽车产业发展巨大潜力和快速增长的内在逻辑性；而在经历了几年的汽车产业的爆发式增长后，我们认为现在需要更多地强调已经和可能面临的问题。重要的不仅在于指出问题，还在于提出理解、分析和解决问题的思路与方法。
发动机再制造技术在国外已经有了50多年的发展历史,已经形成了比较完善的制造和服务体系，并且有了一定的规模。如北美发动机再制造协会就是一个专业的发动机再制造组织，其拥有160余家的会员；世界著名的汽车制造厂如福特、通用、大众、雷诺等或者有自己的发动机再制造厂，或者与其它独立的专业发动机再制造公司保持固定的合作关系，以对旧发动机进行再制造；德国大众在50年时间里已再制造发动机720万台，销售的再制造发动机与配套新发动机的比例为9：1，而且再制造发动机的市场份额还在持续地增长。
与国外比较，国内进行发动机再制造起步较晚，目前进行发动机再制造的专业公司仅有上海大众汽车公司和由中国重型汽车集团有限公司与英国Lister Petter公司合资创办的济南复强动力有限公司等几家，其每年的生产量也仅限于特定的范围。显然，发动机再制造在我国的市场竞争还远没有展开，仍然处于起步阶段。
而近几年来我国汽车产业迅猛发展，目前的汽车生产量和销售量已经跨入了世界的前4位，市场上的汽车保有量在不断提高，而且很多在用的车辆也即将进入大修阶段。2000年，我国达到报废标准的汽车共有210万辆，预计到2010年我国年均汽车报废量将在200万辆以上，这些报废汽车中的发动机绝大多数都有再制造的价值，是一批宝贵的资源。由于应用发动机再造技术比发动机大修在性能价格方面有明显的优势，因而以发动机再制造取代发动机大修是今后的必然趋势，我国进行发动机再制造的市场空间很大。[1]

Answer 1

The first chapter thread on

1.1 auto engine manufacturing technology research situation at home and abroad

Long-term since, our country enterprise of vehicle maintenance and repair being scattered distribution, management of pine, composition miscellaneous, low level of technology characteristics. Some repair enterprise no matter oneself have a car repair, qualifications and conditions, as long as saw repair business, it all down. Many users due to ignorance or freeloaders, often will be sent to the vehicle repair enterprise overhaul. Because they do not have the necessary equipment and advanced technology, in this case, after the repair of engine quality, performance and safety index cannot get safeguard.

China engine technology forum many still use value the old engine beyond repair and were not fully utilized, thereby causing material waste and environmental pollution. Even if the user will be the engine to have repair qualification repair factory repair, and also because of repair time, repair cost and high economic loss caused by. In recent years, the engine remanufacturing technology has attracted more and more attention, how to make it standard, healthy development has become many industry research topics discussed. A few years ago, before and after joining WTO especially, in quite a number of people in China's auto industry development prospects are confused, confusing and pessimistic, we emphasize the development of Chinese automobile industry has great potential and rapid growth of the inherent logic; and after several years of automobile industry's explosive growth, we think we need more that has been and may face the problem. It is not only point out a problem, also is the understanding, analysis and problem-solving ideas and methods.

Engine remanufacturing technology in foreign countries has been more than 50 years of development history, has formed a relatively complete manufacturing and service system, and a certain scale. Such as the North American engine manufacturers association is a professional organization of engine remanufacturing, which has more than 160 members; the world famous automobile manufacturer such as Ford, GM, Volkswagen, Renault, or have their own engine manufacturing plant, or with other independent professional engine manufacturing company to maintain a fixed relations of cooperation, to the old engine remanufacturing; Volkswagen of Germany in 50 years has manufactured engine 7200000, sales of remanufacturing engine and matching the new engine in the ratio of 9: 1, and remanufacturing engine market share continues to grow.

Compared with abroad, the domestic engine remanufacturing started late, the engine manufacturing company only Shanghai Volkswagen and Chinese Heavy Automobile Group Company Limited and British Lister Petter joint venture company founded Ji'nan Fuqiang power limited company a few, its annual production capacity is limited to a specific range. Obviously, the engine remanufacturing in China's market competition has not spread, is still in the initial stage.

In recent years our country automobile industry swift and violent development, current automotive production and sales volume has entered the world 's top 4, market of car retains the quantity is increasing, and many of the vehicles also enters the maintenance phase. 2000, our country achieve discard as useless standard car a total of 2100000 cars, is expected to 2010, China's average annual amount of end-of-life vehicles will be in 2000000 above, the scrapped car engine most have to create value, is a valuable resource. Due to the application of reconstruction technology of overhaul of engine engine than in property prices have obvious advantages, thus replacing the engine overhaul of engine manufacturing is the inevitable trend of the future, our engine remanufacturing market space great.

Answer 2

Chapter 1 of Arizona
1.1 car engine remanufacturing technology at home and abroad and the research status
Long-term since, our country enterprise exists car maintenance, management, scattered distribution loose components, technical level of low noise characteristics. Some maintenance enterprise no matter you have qualifications and conditions of car overhaul, as long as saw a maintenance service, is dominating the down. Many users because do not informed or covet petty gain, often will send in these vehicles maintenance enterprise to carry on the overhaul. Because do not have the necessary equipment and advanced technology, in this case, the engine after repair of quality, performance and safety index cannot be guaranteed.
There is a Chinese BBS engine technology use value of the old engine can't repair and can not make full use of, and cause material ?

Answer 3

Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Engine Remanufacturing technology research status
For a long time, China's automobile maintenance enterprises scattered pine management, miscellaneous ingredients and low level of technology. Some maintenance enterprises regardless of their own have the qualifications and conditions of the car repair, saw maintenance operations, the overall down. Many users knowledge or freeloaders, often to send the vehicle for a major overhaul in these repair companies. Do not have the necessary equipment and state-of-the-art technology, in this case, the engine after the repair quality, performance and safety indicators can not be guaranteed.
Engine technology forum in China a large number of old engines still value in use can not be repaired but not fully utilized, resulting in material waste and environmental pollution. Even if the user of the engine sent to repair qualified repair shop for maintenance, also long time to repair, maintenance costs are high, resulting in economic losses. So in recent years, the engine re-manufacturing technology has aroused more and more concerned about how to make it standardized and healthy development has become many people in the industry of topics. A few years ago, especially the inherent logic of the development prospects of China's auto industry after joining the WTO, in a considerable number of people are confused, confusion and pessimism, we emphasize the great potential and rapid growth of China's auto industry development; experienced a few the explosive growth of the automotive industry, we need more emphasis and may face problems. Important not only because that problem is to propose ideas and methods to understand, analyze and solve problems.
Engine Remanufacturing technology in foreign countries has been 50 years of development history, has formed a relatively complete system of manufacturing and services, and a certain scale. Association is a professional engine remanufacturing organizations such as the North American engine manufacturing, has more than 160 members; the world famous car manufacturer such as Ford, General Motors, Volkswagen, Renault, or engine re-manufacturer, or with other independent professional engine remanufacturing company to maintain a fixed relationship of cooperation, the old engine remanufacturing; Germany's Volkswagen in the 50 years has been remanufactured engines of 7.2 million units, sales of remanufactured engines and supporting the new engine, the ratio of 9 : 1, and remanufactured engine market share continues to growth.
Abroad, the domestic engine remanufacturing late start, professional engine remanufacturing company only Shanghai Volkswagen joint venture founded by the China Heavy Duty Truck Group Co., Ltd. and the United Kingdom Lister, Petter, Jinan Fuqiang Power Co., Ltd. a few, its annual production capacity is limited to a specific range. Obviously, the engine remanufacturing market competition in China is still far did not begin, still in its infancy.
China's auto industry in recent years the rapid development of automobile production and sales has entered the top four of the world, car ownership on the market has been improving, and many used vehicles about to enter the overhaul stage. 2000, China scrapped the standard car a total of 2.1 million, is expected to 2010 China's annual car is scrapped more than two million of these scrap cars engine the vast majority have the value of remanufacturing is a group of valuable resource. Recycling technologies due to the application engine than the engine overhaul has obvious advantages in price and performance, and thus replaced the engine remanufacturing engine overhaul is the inevitable trend in the future, our engine remanufacturing market space. [1]

Answer 4

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