Question

请帮助我解答一些英语语法问题！谢谢！

1.I didn't know you were in London.How long have you been here?
首句为什么用一般过去时呢？根据第二句，“you"现在还在伦敦啊，我觉得应该用完成时啊。

2.Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking him.
我不太明白主句和从句的时态。从句我觉得应该用一般过去时。

3.Do you have any clothes to be washed today?
Your hair is too long.You should have your hair cut.
我不太明白第一句中为什么用不定式的被动。如果表示将来，第二句中也有将来的意思，为什么不用不定式的被动呢？

4.The temple was found to be empty.
为什么要用to be 呢？

5.It is such a warm today......
这原本是一道选择题，选项中有It is so warm today这个选项，为什么不选他呢？

6.He helped me whenever I asked him to.
为什么不能用whatever呢？

7.The students expected there being more classes.
为什么是being呢？

8.He found his house to have been broken into.
宾补为什么是不定式的完成时呢？

9.An old friend from abroad,whom I was expecting to stay with me,telephoned from the airpot.
这里的whom为什么不能用who代替？不是只有在介词后面who才不能代替whom吗？

10.My friends was very unhappy for not to have been invited to the concert.
for后面不是该加v-ing形式吗？

11.I must get up earlier tomorrow morning not to be late again.
I must get up earlier tomorrow morning so as not to be late again.
第二句中的so as not to be late again应该是作状语吧？那第一句中的not to be late again又是个什么呢？

12.This year's production is four times what it was 10 years ago.
解释中说what=that which,那that做什么成分，which呢？

13.I don't mind you/your delaying making the decision.
you/your是delaying的逻辑主语吧？make 为什么用v-ing形式？

14.The twin sisters are so alike that no one can tell who is who.
Who is it? It's me.
第一个句中的第二个who是表语却用了主格，第二句中的me是表语却用了宾格，为什么呢？

15.His corn grew very well this year,so at harvest time they gave us quite a lot of it.
为什么不能用much of it？

16.New baby food will be sent to whoever phones us first.
为什么不用whomever？

17.If you build a house without permission,you will be ordered to demolish what you have built.
(既然是将来时，为什么不用will have built？）

18.There was an accident on the street and since then there has been a severe congestion of traffic.
since then 为什么不能被after that代替？

19.It's hard to find a researcher who is also a good teacher.
定语从句为什么不能是who teaches also very well?

20.George doesn't know where they put the lawn mower after they had finished using it.
为什么不能用where to put the lawn mower?

21.What type of automobile would you buy if you were free to choose among all the cars available today?
为什么不能用if all the cars available were free to be chosen by you？

Answer 1

1.I didn't know you were in London.How long have you been here?
首句用一般过去时是陈述在过去的那个时间，我是不知道你也在的，你先理解为什么用didn't，然后were是跟didn't一致的。比如，I know you are here.就是把时态调成过去了呀~~如果是I didn't know you have been in London.这句话就是错的，要么是don't...have been,要么是didn't...had been,前者是现在不知道，后者则是过去不晓得你去过伦敦。第二句用完成时，可以理解成我俩碰面了，然后我知道你在了，便问，你在这呆多长时间了？
2.Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking him.
你的问题我不太明白，从句就是一过啊。
3.Do you have any clothes to be washed today?
Your hair is too long.You should have your hair cut.
我不太明白第一句中为什么用不定式的被动。如果表示将来，第二句中也有将来的意思，为什么不用不定式的被动呢？
第一句中的不定式是表将来，第二句中have sth down,是指让别人来做某事，剪头发自己没法剪的啊。第一句中的衣服则没有很明确的表示是得让别人来替你洗。
4.The temple was found to be empty.
为什么要用to be 呢？
那...你觉得应该加什么呢？我不确定这句话原版是不是就这样，但我是记得可以直接加形容词的，就是不用to do的。
5.It is such a warm today......
这原本是一道选择题，选项中有It is so warm today这个选项，为什么不选他呢？
today前是不加形容词的，另外也不能说“一个今天”吧？可以换成It is so warm today. 或者Today is a warm day.
6.He helped me whenever I asked him to.
为什么不能用whatever呢？
He helped me就已经是完整的，也就是说主句在结构上是不缺成分的，也就是说后面得不定副词，而whatever是不定代词。你要是想用whatever可以在前面再加一个with，毕竟我们说help sb with sth，或者help sb (to) do sth。
7.The students expected there being more classes.
为什么是being呢？
这话应该是The students expected sth,这个sth指的是：There is more classes.两句合起来，就把is改成了being。但是...there to be是更倾向于选择的，你确定这题答案是there being？我给的解释是在确实是选there being 的基础上，你可以这么理解的，可能是我记错了吧，希望你不会被误导。
8.He found his house to have been broken into.
宾补为什么是不定式的完成时呢？
首先要明确一点，绝对是没有find sth doing 这种情况的。但是又必须得是完成时，是过去的过去嘛...你自己造一个试试看是不是跟这个一样？
9.An old friend from abroad,whom I was expecting to stay with me,telephoned from the airpot.
这里的whom为什么不能用who代替？不是只有在介词后面who才不能代替whom吗？
expect sb to do 期待某人做某事，这个old friend是expect 的宾语。
10.My friends was very unhappy for not to have been invited to the concert.
for后面不是该加v-ing形式吗？
这个for 不直接跟动词打交道的，你可以看成句子到这就断开了，剩下的一半是叙述原因的。
11.I must get up earlier tomorrow morning not to be late again.
I must get up earlier tomorrow morning so as not to be late again.
第二句中的so as not to be late again应该是作状语吧？那第一句中的not to be late again又是个什么呢？
状语
12.This year's production is four times what it was 10 years ago.
解释中说what=that which,那that做什么成分，which呢？
你明白what指什么吗？在含义上that相当于原来的what，而which指代that，本身又在从句中做宾语。
13.I don't mind you/your delaying making the decision.
you/your是delaying的逻辑主语吧？make 为什么用v-ing形式？
delay doing啊~~
14.The twin sisters are so alike that no one can tell who is who.
Who is it? It's me.
第一个句中的第二个who是表语却用了主格，第二句中的me是表语却用了宾格，为什么呢？
第二句应该不用解释吧，至于第一句，who is who，其实在形式上就是一种强调，二者是一样的，你可以用whom啊，但是表述出来就会很不舒服，有点像是说who是whom一样，原句这个表达我感觉像是习惯吧。
15.His corn grew very well this year,so at harvest time they gave us quite a lot of it.
为什么不能用much of it？
much of it的话，much就是宾语啊，那it你觉得应该是什么成分呢？原句中quite a lot of 是修饰it的。二者虽然含义相似，但在这里是不可以互换的。
16.New baby food will be sent to whoever phones us first.
为什么不用whomever？
因为它是在从句中做宾语的。从语法上讲可以用whomever，但这样就不如whoever来得舒服啊，既然二者都对，当然是倾向于whoever咯~~
17.If you build a house without permission,you will be ordered to demolish what you have built.
(既然是将来时，为什么不用will have built？）
这句话后面部分是建立在已经建好房子的基础上的，也就是说，如果现在你盖个房子（一般现在时），那么（此时已经在建好了房子的基础上开始讨论了），你将会被命令拆除你（已建好）的房子。
18.There was an accident on the street and since then there has been a severe congestion of traffic.
since then 为什么不能被after that代替？
after that 后面不接完成时。
19.It's hard to find a researcher who is also a good teacher.
定语从句为什么不能是who teaches also very well?
首先应该是who also teaches very well，这个在语法上是没有错误的，但是为了前后对称，使句子更好看，倾向于原句的表达。
20.George doesn't know where they put the lawn mower after they had finished using it.
为什么不能用where to put the lawn mower?
是已经放了，现在是找不到东西（已经）在哪儿了，而不是用完之后（将来）该放哪。
21.What type of automobile would you buy if you were free to choose among all the cars available today?
为什么不能用if all the cars available were free to be chosen by you？
这个free是修饰you的，而不是用来描述cars的。是你可以自由地选择今天所有的车，你会说“今天所有的车都自由地被你选择”吗？

补充一点，关于第二题的解答，我认为楼下那位同学...言之有理...当然，最好还是向老师求证一下。咳咳...这些应该是初高中题吧？我都好几年没做了，难免手生，还望见谅！

Answer 2

1.I didn't know you were in London.How long have you been here?
首句用一般过去时是陈述在过去的那个时间，我是不知道你也在的，你先理解为什么用didn't，然后were是跟didn't一致的。比如，I know you are here.就是把时态调成过去了呀~~如果是I didn't know you have been in London.这句话就是错的，要么是don't...have been,要么是didn't...had been,前者是现在不知道，后者则是过去不晓得你去过伦敦。第二句用完成时，可以理解成我俩碰面了，然后我知道你在了，便问，你在这呆多长时间了？
2.Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking him.
你的问题我不太明白，从句就是一过啊。
3.Do you have any clothes to be washed today?
Your hair is too long.You should have your hair cut.
我不太明白第一句中为什么用不定式的被动。如果表示将来，第二句中也有将来的意思，为什么不用不定式的被动呢？
第一句中的不定式是表将来，第二句中have sth down,是指让别人来做某事，剪头发自己没法剪的啊。第一句中的衣服则没有很明确的表示是得让别人来替你洗。
4.The temple was found to be empty.
为什么要用to be 呢？
那...你觉得应该加什么呢？我不确定这句话原版是不是就这样，但我是记得可以直接加形容词的，就是不用to do的。
5.It is such a warm today......
这原本是一道选择题，选项中有It is so warm today这个选项，为什么不选他呢？
today前是不加形容词的，另外也不能说“一个今天”吧？可以换成It is so warm today. 或者Today is a warm day.
6.He helped me whenever I asked him to.
为什么不能用whatever呢？
He helped me就已经是完整的，也就是说主句在结构上是不缺成分的，也就是说后面得不定副词，而whatever是不定代词。你要是想用whatever可以在前面再加一个with，毕竟我们说help sb with sth，或者help sb (to) do sth。
7.The students expected there being more classes.
为什么是being呢？
这话应该是The students expected sth,这个sth指的是：There is more classes.两句合起来，就把is改成了being。但是...there to be是更倾向于选择的，你确定这题答案是there being？我给的解释是在确实是选there being 的基础上，你可以这么理解的，可能是我记错了吧，希望你不会被误导。
8.He found his house to have been broken into.
宾补为什么是不定式的完成时呢？
首先要明确一点，绝对是没有find sth doing 这种情况的。但是又必须得是完成时，是过去的过去嘛...你自己造一个试试看是不是跟这个一样？
9.An old friend from abroad,whom I was expecting to stay with me,telephoned from the airpot.
这里的whom为什么不能用who代替？不是只有在介词后面who才不能代替whom吗？
expect sb to do 期待某人做某事，这个old friend是expect 的宾语。
10.My friends was very unhappy for not to have been invited to the concert.
for后面不是该加v-ing形式吗？
这个for 不直接跟动词打交道的，你可以看成句子到这就断开了，剩下的一半是叙述原因的。
11.I must get up earlier tomorrow morning not to be late again.
I must get up earlier tomorrow morning so as not to be late again.
第二句中的so as not to be late again应该是作状语吧？那第一句中的not to be late again又是个什么呢？
状语
12.This year's production is four times what it was 10 years ago.
解释中说what=that which,那that做什么成分，which呢？
你明白what指什么吗？在含义上that相当于原来的what，而which指代that，本身又在从句中做宾语。
13.I don't mind you/your delaying making the decision.
you/your是delaying的逻辑主语吧？make 为什么用v-ing形式？
delay doing啊~~
14.The twin sisters are so alike that no one can tell who is who.
Who is it? It's me.
第一个句中的第二个who是表语却用了主格，第二句中的me是表语却用了宾格，为什么呢？
第二句应该不用解释吧，至于第一句，who is who，其实在形式上就是一种强调，二者是一样的，你可以用whom啊，但是表述出来就会很不舒服，有点像是说who是whom一样，原句这个表达我感觉像是习惯吧。
15.His corn grew very well this year,so at harvest time they gave us quite a lot of it.
为什么不能用much of it？
much of it的话，much就是宾语啊，那it你觉得应该是什么成分呢？原句中quite a lot of 是修饰it的。二者虽然含义相似，但在这里是不可以互换的。
16.New baby food will be sent to whoever phones us first.
为什么不用whomever？
因为它是在从句中做宾语的。从语法上讲可以用whomever，但这样就不如whoever来得舒服啊，既然二者都对，当然是倾向于whoever咯~~
17.If you build a house without permission,you will be ordered to demolish what you have built.
(既然是将来时，为什么不用will have built？）
这句话后面部分是建立在已经建好房子的基础上的，也就是说，如果现在你盖个房子（一般现在时），那么（此时已经在建好了房子的基础上开始讨论了），你将会被命令拆除你（已建好）的房子。
18.There was an accident on the street and since then there has been a severe congestion of traffic.
since then 为什么不能被after that代替？
after that 后面不接完成时。
19.It's hard to find a researcher who is also a good teacher.
定语从句为什么不能是who teaches also very well?
首先应该是who also teaches very well，这个在语法上是没有错误的，但是为了前后对称，使句子更好看，倾向于原句的表达。
20.George doesn't know where they put the lawn mower after they had finished using it.
为什么不能用where to put the lawn mower?
是已经放了，现在是找不到东西（已经）在哪儿了，而不是用完之后（将来）该放哪。
21.What type of automobile would you buy if you were free to choose among all the cars available today?
为什么不能用if all the cars available were free to be chosen by you？
这个free是修饰you的，而不是用来描述cars的。是你可以自由地选择今天所有的车，你会说“今天所有的车都自由地被你选择”吗？

Answer 3

2.Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking him.
我不太明白主句和从句的时态。从句我觉得应该用一般过去时。

when引导的从句是进行时，对主句的动作有一种不满的情绪，这句
话应该译成：当没有人注意的时候，他却偷偷地溜进来了。
例如：
Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast.
此句应译成，我正在吃早饭的时候，他妈的竟然有人敲门。

就是对主句的不满。。

Answer 4

for 表示原因及时间长短，如for this rason因为这个原因，for twenty years 20年了
since 表示自从，如since last year从去年开始

Answer 5

`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````好深奥啊