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∫(-1-->1) √(1 - x²) dx = 2∫(0-->1) √(1 - x²) dx,令x = sinθ,dx = cosθdθ
当x = 0,θ = 0,当x = 1,θ = π/2
= 2∫(0-->π/2) cos²θ dθ
= 2∫(0-->π/2) (1 + cos2θ)/2 dθ
= [θ + 1/2 · sin2θ] |(0-->π/2)
= π/2
几何意义:
x² + y² = 1,半径为1,积分区间为-1到1,即半个圆
所表示的面积为1/2 · π(1)² = π/2
当x = 0,θ = 0,当x = 1,θ = π/2
= 2∫(0-->π/2) cos²θ dθ
= 2∫(0-->π/2) (1 + cos2θ)/2 dθ
= [θ + 1/2 · sin2θ] |(0-->π/2)
= π/2
几何意义:
x² + y² = 1,半径为1,积分区间为-1到1,即半个圆
所表示的面积为1/2 · π(1)² = π/2
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