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常见的三角恒等式及其证明
设A,B,C是三角形的三个内角
(1)
tanA+tanB+tanC=tanAtanBtanC
证明:
tanA+tanB+tanC=tan(A+B)(1-tanAtanB)+tanC=tan(π-c)(1-tanAtanB)+tanC=-tanC(1-tanAtanB)+tanC=tanAtanBtanC
(2)
cotAcotB+cotBcotC+cotCcotA=1
证明:
tanA+tanB+tanC=tanAtanBtanC
cotX*tanX=1
tanA*cotAcotBcotC+tanB*cotAcotBcotC+tanC*cotAcotBcotC=tanAtanBtanC*cotAcotBcotC
cotAcotB+cotBcotC+cotCcotA=1
(3)
(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2+(cosC)^2+2cosAcosBcosC=1
证明:
(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2+x^2+2cosAcosBx=1
x^2+2cosAcosBx+(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2-1=0
x={-2cosAcosB+-√[(2cosAcosB)^2-4((cosA)^2+(cosB)^2-1)]}/2 (韦达定理)
x=-cosAcosB+-√[(cosAcosB)^2-((cosA)^2+(cosB)^2-1)]
x=-cosAcosB+-√[1-(cosA)^2][1-(cosB)^2]
x=-cosAcosB+-√[(sinA)^2(sinB)^2]
x=-cosAcosB+-sinAsinB
x=-cos(A+B)或-cos(A-B)
x=cosC或-cos(A-B)
两解都是原方程的根
因为
cosC是方程的一个根
所以
(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2+(cosC)^2+2cosAcosBcosC=1
(4)
cosA+cosB+cosC=1+4sin(A/2)sin(B/2)sin(C/2)
证明:
cosA+cosB+cosC=1+4sin(A/2)sin(B/2)sin(C/2)
cos(180-B-C)+cosB+cosC=1+2sin(A/2)[2sin(B/2)sin(C/2)]
cos(180-B-C)+cosB+cosC=1+2cos(B/2+C/2)[2sin(B/2)sin(C/2)]
-cos(B+C)+cosB+cosC=1+2cos(B/2+C/2)[2sin(B/2)sin(C/2)]
-cos(B+C)+cosB+cosC=1+2cos(B/2+C/2)[cos(B/2-C/2)-cos(B/2+C/2)]
-cos(B+C)+cosB+cosC=1+2cos(B/2+C/2)cos(B/2-C/2)-2[cos(B/2+C/2)]^2
cosB+cosC=2cos(B/2+C/2)cos(B/2-C/2)
2[cos(B/2+C/2)]^2-1=cos(B+C)
(5)
tan(A/2)tan(B/2)+tan(B/2)tan(C/2)+tan(C/2)tan(A/2)=1
证明:
A/2+B/2+C/2=π/2
(π/2-A)+(π/2-B)+(π/2-C)=π
cot(π/2-A)cot(π/2-B)+cot(π/2-C)cot(π/2-B)+cot(π/2-A)cot(π/2-C)=1
tan(A/2)tan(B/2)+tan(B/2)tan(C/2)+tan(C/2)tan(A/2)=1
(6)
sin2A+sin2B+sin2C=4sinAsinBsinC
证明1:
设三角形ABC不是钝角三角形,且外心为O
S△ABO+S△ACO+S△CBO=S△ABC
(1/2)RRsinAOB+(1/2)RRsinAOC+(1/2)RRsinBOC (AOB=2C,AOC=2B.BOC=2A)
(1/2)RRsin2C+(1/2)RRsin2B+(1/2)RRsin2A=(1/2)bcsinA=(1/2)2RsinB*2RsinC*sinA
sin2A+sin2B+sin2C=4sinAsinBsinC
证明2:sin2A+sin2B+sin2C
= 2sin(A+B)cos(A-B)+sin2C
= 2sinCcos(A-B)+2sinCcosC
= 2sinC*[cos(A-B)-cos(A+B)]
= 2sinC*[-2sinAsin(-B)]
= 4sinC*sinA*sinB
(7)
sinA+sinB+sinC=4cos(A/2)cos(B/2)cos(C/2)
证明:
4cos(A/2)cos(B/2)cos(C/2)
=[2cos(C/2)]*[2cos(A/2)cos(B/2)]
=[2sin(A/2+B/2)]*[cos(A/2+B/2)+cos(A/2-B/2)]
=2sin(A/2+B/2)cos(A/2+B/2)+2sin(A/2+B/2)cos(A/2-B/2)
=sin(A+B)+2sin(A/2+B/2)cos(A/2-B/2)
=sinC+2sin[(A+B)/2]cos[(A-B)/2]
=sinC+sin[(A+B)/2+(A-B)/2]+sin[(A+B)/2-(A-B)/2]
=sinC+sinA+sinB
参考资料 : http://baike.baidu.com/view/1732167.htm
如对您有帮助,还望采纳 ~~ 谢谢 ~
常见的三角恒等式及其证明
设A,B,C是三角形的三个内角
(1)
tanA+tanB+tanC=tanAtanBtanC
证明:
tanA+tanB+tanC=tan(A+B)(1-tanAtanB)+tanC=tan(π-c)(1-tanAtanB)+tanC=-tanC(1-tanAtanB)+tanC=tanAtanBtanC
(2)
cotAcotB+cotBcotC+cotCcotA=1
证明:
tanA+tanB+tanC=tanAtanBtanC
cotX*tanX=1
tanA*cotAcotBcotC+tanB*cotAcotBcotC+tanC*cotAcotBcotC=tanAtanBtanC*cotAcotBcotC
cotAcotB+cotBcotC+cotCcotA=1
(3)
(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2+(cosC)^2+2cosAcosBcosC=1
证明:
(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2+x^2+2cosAcosBx=1
x^2+2cosAcosBx+(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2-1=0
x={-2cosAcosB+-√[(2cosAcosB)^2-4((cosA)^2+(cosB)^2-1)]}/2 (韦达定理)
x=-cosAcosB+-√[(cosAcosB)^2-((cosA)^2+(cosB)^2-1)]
x=-cosAcosB+-√[1-(cosA)^2][1-(cosB)^2]
x=-cosAcosB+-√[(sinA)^2(sinB)^2]
x=-cosAcosB+-sinAsinB
x=-cos(A+B)或-cos(A-B)
x=cosC或-cos(A-B)
两解都是原方程的根
因为
cosC是方程的一个根
所以
(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2+(cosC)^2+2cosAcosBcosC=1
(4)
cosA+cosB+cosC=1+4sin(A/2)sin(B/2)sin(C/2)
证明:
cosA+cosB+cosC=1+4sin(A/2)sin(B/2)sin(C/2)
cos(180-B-C)+cosB+cosC=1+2sin(A/2)[2sin(B/2)sin(C/2)]
cos(180-B-C)+cosB+cosC=1+2cos(B/2+C/2)[2sin(B/2)sin(C/2)]
-cos(B+C)+cosB+cosC=1+2cos(B/2+C/2)[2sin(B/2)sin(C/2)]
-cos(B+C)+cosB+cosC=1+2cos(B/2+C/2)[cos(B/2-C/2)-cos(B/2+C/2)]
-cos(B+C)+cosB+cosC=1+2cos(B/2+C/2)cos(B/2-C/2)-2[cos(B/2+C/2)]^2
cosB+cosC=2cos(B/2+C/2)cos(B/2-C/2)
2[cos(B/2+C/2)]^2-1=cos(B+C)
(5)
tan(A/2)tan(B/2)+tan(B/2)tan(C/2)+tan(C/2)tan(A/2)=1
证明:
A/2+B/2+C/2=π/2
(π/2-A)+(π/2-B)+(π/2-C)=π
cot(π/2-A)cot(π/2-B)+cot(π/2-C)cot(π/2-B)+cot(π/2-A)cot(π/2-C)=1
tan(A/2)tan(B/2)+tan(B/2)tan(C/2)+tan(C/2)tan(A/2)=1
(6)
sin2A+sin2B+sin2C=4sinAsinBsinC
证明1:
设三角形ABC不是钝角三角形,且外心为O
S△ABO+S△ACO+S△CBO=S△ABC
(1/2)RRsinAOB+(1/2)RRsinAOC+(1/2)RRsinBOC (AOB=2C,AOC=2B.BOC=2A)
(1/2)RRsin2C+(1/2)RRsin2B+(1/2)RRsin2A=(1/2)bcsinA=(1/2)2RsinB*2RsinC*sinA
sin2A+sin2B+sin2C=4sinAsinBsinC
证明2:sin2A+sin2B+sin2C
= 2sin(A+B)cos(A-B)+sin2C
= 2sinCcos(A-B)+2sinCcosC
= 2sinC*[cos(A-B)-cos(A+B)]
= 2sinC*[-2sinAsin(-B)]
= 4sinC*sinA*sinB
(7)
sinA+sinB+sinC=4cos(A/2)cos(B/2)cos(C/2)
证明:
4cos(A/2)cos(B/2)cos(C/2)
=[2cos(C/2)]*[2cos(A/2)cos(B/2)]
=[2sin(A/2+B/2)]*[cos(A/2+B/2)+cos(A/2-B/2)]
=2sin(A/2+B/2)cos(A/2+B/2)+2sin(A/2+B/2)cos(A/2-B/2)
=sin(A+B)+2sin(A/2+B/2)cos(A/2-B/2)
=sinC+2sin[(A+B)/2]cos[(A-B)/2]
=sinC+sin[(A+B)/2+(A-B)/2]+sin[(A+B)/2-(A-B)/2]
=sinC+sinA+sinB
参考资料 : http://baike.baidu.com/view/1732167.htm
如对您有帮助,还望采纳 ~~ 谢谢 ~
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