Question

高手们，帮我翻译一下这篇文章吧，谢谢!

To further examine the statistical properties of the index, we investigate
whether the full system index reduces the variance or the signal-to-noise
ratio relative to using; for example, only two measures of the industrial
relations system index (Huselid and Becker 1996). Using a bootstrapping
technique with one thousand repetitions with replacement in the simulation
over time, the results show that using all five industrial relations system
variables greatly reduces the variance of the industrial relations system measure
relative to using only two variables. For example, the variance for the
nineteen OECD nations using only two variables is 0.63, but using all five
variables reduces the variance to 0.34. Using the systems approach appears
to reduce the statistical noise that comes from attributing industrial relations
to only a couple of institutional variables in the industrial relations
system. In a manner similar to the estimates of indices that affect firm
performance, a single independent factor may not matter, but together the
industrial relations system variables may impact economic outcomes
(Ichniowski and Shaw 2003).
Measuring FDI
At the firm level, investment has been shown to be an economic measure
that is highly responsive to the institutional characteristics of labor within
the organization, which includes unionization (Hirsch 1991). By extension
of these microeconomic results to the macroeconomic level, we anticipate
that international investment decisions would also be responsive to countryspecific
labor market institutions (Prescott 1986). Even if FDI has some
measurement problems in capturing “pure gross investment,” it does enhance
the economic prospects within a country by, at a minimum, moving
resources to their optimal use (Lipsey 2000). Direct investment capital flows
are defined as equity capital, reinvested earnings, and other capital associated
with various intercompany debt transactions and this comprises about
8 percent of international capital flows (Lipsey 2001). Although small relative
to all forms of capital flows that include equity investment, FDI is still a
large part of international financial transactions.
Specifying the Empirical Model
Table 1 shows the variables used in the model, consistent with the economic
and institutional variables from our reduced form equation (1). We
present the variables used and sources of data for our model of the determinants
of FDI. The composition of the industrial relations variable is
presented, followed by the capital variables, labor market factors, product
market determinants, and the other variables that have been shown to be
important in labor market studies of FDI.
In order to calculate the values for each measure of the industrial relations
system, we developed a 1 to 5 scale for each variable, indicating most (1) to
least (5) favorable to business.

Answer 1

专业翻译：
进一步研究统计特性指数，我们会进行调查
是否有完整的系统指数降低差额，或信号杂讯
比例相对使用;例如，只有这两项措施的工业
关系制度指数（休斯里德和贝克尔1996年） 。使用启动
技术与1000重复与替换，在仿真
随着时间的推移，结果表明，使用所有五个工业关系制度
变数大大降低的差异，工业关系制度的措施
相对只能使用两个变量。举例来说，差额为
19 OECD国家中只使用两个变量是0.63 ，但使用的所有5
变量的差异，降低至0.34 。使用该系统的做法，似乎
以减少统计噪声来自归因于工业关系
只有一对夫妇体制的变数在工业关系
制度。在相似的方式估计指数影响公司
表现，一个单一的独立因素，未必事，但一起
劳资关系制度变数，可能会影响经济成果
（ ichniowski和Shaw 2003 ） 。
衡量外国直接投资
在企业层面，投资已被证明是一项经济措施
这是高度的反应体制的特点，劳动与
组织，其中包括工会（赫希1991年） 。延伸
这些微观研究成果向宏观层面，我们预期
认为，国际投资的决定也将顺应countryspecific
劳动力市场机构（普雷斯科特1986年） 。即使有一些外国直接投资
测量的问题，捕捉“纯粹的投资总额， ”这的确提高
对经济前景的一个国家内，在最低限度，移动
资源最佳利用（利普西2000年） 。直接投资资本流动
被界定为股本，再投资收益，以及其他相关的资本
与各公司间债务交易和这包括约
8 ％的国际资本流动（利普西2001年） 。虽然小，相对
一切形式的资本流动，包括股权投资，外国直接投资仍然是一个
大部份的国际金融交易。
具体的实证模型
表1显示了变数中使用的模型，一贯与经济
和体制的变数从我们减少的形式方程（ 1 ） 。我们
目前使用的变量和数据来源为我们的模型的决定因素
外国直接投资。组成的工业关系的变数是
陈述，其次是资本的变数，劳动力市场因素，产品
市场的决定因素，和其他的变数，已表明要
重要的在劳动力市场研究的外国直接投资。
在以计算值为每项措施的工业关系
制度，我们制定了1至5规模为每个变量，这表明最（ 1 ）
至少（ 5 ）有利于业务。
谢谢……