三棱柱ABC-A1B1C1中,底边和侧棱长都相等,BAA1=CAA1=60度,则异面直线AB1与BC1所成角的余弦值为
2013-05-10
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解:如图,设 AA1 = c , AB = a , AC = b ,棱长均为1,
则 a �6�1 b =1 2 , b �6�1 c =1 2 , a �6�1 c =1 2∵ AB1 = a + c , BC1 = BC + BB1 = b - a + c
∴ AB1 �6�1 BC1 =( a + c )�6�1( b - a + c )= a �6�1 b - a 2+ a �6�1 c + b �6�1 c - a �6�1 c + c 2
= a �6�1 b - a 2+ b �6�1 c + c 2=1 2 -1+1 2 +1=1
AB1 = ( a + c )2 = 1+1+1 = 3
BC1 = ( b - a + c )2 = 1+1+1-1-1+1 = 2
∴cos< AB1 , BC1 >= AB �6�1 BC1 | AB |�6�1| BC1 | =1 2 × 3 = 6 6
∴异面直线AB1与BC1所成角的余弦值为 6 6
则 a �6�1 b =1 2 , b �6�1 c =1 2 , a �6�1 c =1 2∵ AB1 = a + c , BC1 = BC + BB1 = b - a + c
∴ AB1 �6�1 BC1 =( a + c )�6�1( b - a + c )= a �6�1 b - a 2+ a �6�1 c + b �6�1 c - a �6�1 c + c 2
= a �6�1 b - a 2+ b �6�1 c + c 2=1 2 -1+1 2 +1=1
AB1 = ( a + c )2 = 1+1+1 = 3
BC1 = ( b - a + c )2 = 1+1+1-1-1+1 = 2
∴cos< AB1 , BC1 >= AB �6�1 BC1 | AB |�6�1| BC1 | =1 2 × 3 = 6 6
∴异面直线AB1与BC1所成角的余弦值为 6 6
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