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安内莉斯·玛丽·“安妮”·弗兰克 (Annelies Marie Anne Frank),生于德国法兰克福的犹太人女孩,二战犹太人大屠杀中最著名的受害者之一。 1999年入选《时代杂志》“20世纪全世界最具影响力的100个人”,一颗编号为5535的小行星以她为“5535 Annefrank”。
安妮出生于德国的法兰克福,为奥图•法兰克(Otto Frank)一家的么女,家中还有母亲艾迪斯(Eddith Frank)和姐姐玛格特(Margot Frank)。由于当时纳粹德国排斥犹太人风气日盛,父亲奥图便放弃于德国的事业而将家庭移至荷兰阿姆斯特丹,一家过着较为平顺的生活;但是1940年5月后,荷兰为德国攻占之后,荷兰的新统治者英夸特也将排犹法律于荷兰执行,1941年夏天安妮姐妹也因此转入犹太人学校就读。这段期间安妮开始写日记。
1942年,由于纳粹当局捕捉犹太人的行为日益严重,而且玛格特也收到纳粹当局的劳动通知,使得奥图决定移居到更为隐密且安全的居所;那年的7月9 日,安妮一家与范丹一家搬入奥图公司的三楼与四楼,以书柜挡住出入口以避人耳目,过着隐蔽的生活。后来他们的伙伴又多了一位牙医杜赛尔。所以隐密之家的居 住者共有八个人。
但是在1944年8月4日,安妮一家由于有人告密而被德国和荷兰警察逮捕。数日后所有人被转送到荷兰的威斯第包克集中营,一个月后隐密之家的八个人被转送到波兰的奥斯威辛集中营。之后,安妮与姐姐又被转送到贝尔根─贝尔森集中营,1945年3月姐妹都因伤寒死于营中,距离贝尔根─贝尔森集中营被英军解放不到两个月的时间。而其它隐密之家的成员除奥图之外,都死于集中营之中。
安妮的日记由于公司女职员的保存而留了下来,之后公司的女职员又转交给生存下来的奥图•法兰克,1947年安妮的日记便出版,成为珍贵的第一手资料。
安妮出生于德国的法兰克福,为奥图•法兰克(Otto Frank)一家的么女,家中还有母亲艾迪斯(Eddith Frank)和姐姐玛格特(Margot Frank)。由于当时纳粹德国排斥犹太人风气日盛,父亲奥图便放弃于德国的事业而将家庭移至荷兰阿姆斯特丹,一家过着较为平顺的生活;但是1940年5月后,荷兰为德国攻占之后,荷兰的新统治者英夸特也将排犹法律于荷兰执行,1941年夏天安妮姐妹也因此转入犹太人学校就读。这段期间安妮开始写日记。
1942年,由于纳粹当局捕捉犹太人的行为日益严重,而且玛格特也收到纳粹当局的劳动通知,使得奥图决定移居到更为隐密且安全的居所;那年的7月9 日,安妮一家与范丹一家搬入奥图公司的三楼与四楼,以书柜挡住出入口以避人耳目,过着隐蔽的生活。后来他们的伙伴又多了一位牙医杜赛尔。所以隐密之家的居 住者共有八个人。
但是在1944年8月4日,安妮一家由于有人告密而被德国和荷兰警察逮捕。数日后所有人被转送到荷兰的威斯第包克集中营,一个月后隐密之家的八个人被转送到波兰的奥斯威辛集中营。之后,安妮与姐姐又被转送到贝尔根─贝尔森集中营,1945年3月姐妹都因伤寒死于营中,距离贝尔根─贝尔森集中营被英军解放不到两个月的时间。而其它隐密之家的成员除奥图之外,都死于集中营之中。
安妮的日记由于公司女职员的保存而留了下来,之后公司的女职员又转交给生存下来的奥图•法兰克,1947年安妮的日记便出版,成为珍贵的第一手资料。
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Anne Frank was born into a Jewish family in Frankfurt, Germany, on June 12, 1929. She lived in Frankfurt with her father, Otto; her mother, Edith; and her older sister, Margot. Then, in 1933, her life in Germany began to change. The country had a new leader named Adolf Hitler. Hitler taught hatred and intolerance toward Jews and all other people who were not of his race or who did not share his beliefs. Hitler's followers were known as the Nazis.
Hitler's acts of hatred toward the Jews troubled Anne Frank's father greatly. He was worried for his family's well-being. In 1933 Otto Frank decided to move his wife and daughters to the city of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. Amsterdam offered the Franks a new business opportunity and a safe place to raise their children. Anne Frank was not affected much by this change in her life. She started a new school, made friends, and visited the ocean on vacation.
In 1940 the Germans invaded the Netherlands. One year later they began to take Jewish people from their homes and send them to concentration camps, or prisons, in Germany. Otto Frank was ready for this attack on the Jewish population in Amsterdam. While some Jews tried to leave the country, Anne's father prepared a secret hiding place for his family. On July 5, 1942, the Nazis sent out an order for Margot Frank to be arrested. To prevent this, the Franks went into hiding.
Anne Frank could bring only a few items with her to the hiding place. She brought pictures of movie stars, books, and a diary her parents had given her on her thirteenth birthday. Anne Frank's diary became an important record of the Franks' years in hiding.
Anne Frank's diary
Their hiding place was part of a house attached to Mr. Frank's place of business. The Secret Annex, as Anne Frank called it in her diary, became home to eight people. Another Jewish family, the Van Pels, lived there along with the Franks. Later, an older man named Fritz Pfeffer joined the two families. A few friends and employees of Anne's father provided the people in the Secret Annex with food and news from the outside.
For two years the people in the Secret Annex lived in constant fear of being caught by the Nazis. During the day, when people were working in the building,they sat quietly and moved very little. Only at night could they walk around and talk freely. In the end, all their careful ways could not save them. On August 4, 1944, the families in the Secret Annex were discovered by the Nazis. A phone call from an unknown person had given away the Franks' hiding place.
For the next seven months, Anne Frank and her family were moved from one concentration camp to another. Her mother died at Auschwitz, a concentration camp in Poland. Anne Frank and her sister, Margot, were moved to the concentration camp at Bergen-Belsen in Germany. Many of the prisoners at Bergen-Belsen were dying from disease. With little to eat and only rags to wear in the cold winter, the sisters became ill. Anne and Margot Frank died at Bergen-Belsen in March 1945. Margot Frank was 19, and Anne Frank was 15.
Anne Frank's father was the only person from the Secret Annex to survive the war. After his release from Auschwitz, he traveled back to Amsterdam. A friend of the family had rescued a few of the Frank's belongings, including his daughter's diary. In the summer of 1947, Anne's father decided to publish her diary. Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl has given a voice to all the Jewish people who lost their lives during World War II. Anne Frank's diary continues to remind readers how important it is to love and respect others and to allow them to lead their lives in peace.
Hitler's acts of hatred toward the Jews troubled Anne Frank's father greatly. He was worried for his family's well-being. In 1933 Otto Frank decided to move his wife and daughters to the city of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. Amsterdam offered the Franks a new business opportunity and a safe place to raise their children. Anne Frank was not affected much by this change in her life. She started a new school, made friends, and visited the ocean on vacation.
In 1940 the Germans invaded the Netherlands. One year later they began to take Jewish people from their homes and send them to concentration camps, or prisons, in Germany. Otto Frank was ready for this attack on the Jewish population in Amsterdam. While some Jews tried to leave the country, Anne's father prepared a secret hiding place for his family. On July 5, 1942, the Nazis sent out an order for Margot Frank to be arrested. To prevent this, the Franks went into hiding.
Anne Frank could bring only a few items with her to the hiding place. She brought pictures of movie stars, books, and a diary her parents had given her on her thirteenth birthday. Anne Frank's diary became an important record of the Franks' years in hiding.
Anne Frank's diary
Their hiding place was part of a house attached to Mr. Frank's place of business. The Secret Annex, as Anne Frank called it in her diary, became home to eight people. Another Jewish family, the Van Pels, lived there along with the Franks. Later, an older man named Fritz Pfeffer joined the two families. A few friends and employees of Anne's father provided the people in the Secret Annex with food and news from the outside.
For two years the people in the Secret Annex lived in constant fear of being caught by the Nazis. During the day, when people were working in the building,they sat quietly and moved very little. Only at night could they walk around and talk freely. In the end, all their careful ways could not save them. On August 4, 1944, the families in the Secret Annex were discovered by the Nazis. A phone call from an unknown person had given away the Franks' hiding place.
For the next seven months, Anne Frank and her family were moved from one concentration camp to another. Her mother died at Auschwitz, a concentration camp in Poland. Anne Frank and her sister, Margot, were moved to the concentration camp at Bergen-Belsen in Germany. Many of the prisoners at Bergen-Belsen were dying from disease. With little to eat and only rags to wear in the cold winter, the sisters became ill. Anne and Margot Frank died at Bergen-Belsen in March 1945. Margot Frank was 19, and Anne Frank was 15.
Anne Frank's father was the only person from the Secret Annex to survive the war. After his release from Auschwitz, he traveled back to Amsterdam. A friend of the family had rescued a few of the Frank's belongings, including his daughter's diary. In the summer of 1947, Anne's father decided to publish her diary. Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl has given a voice to all the Jewish people who lost their lives during World War II. Anne Frank's diary continues to remind readers how important it is to love and respect others and to allow them to lead their lives in peace.
参考资料: http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/22235501.html?si=1
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Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank(12 June, 1929 – early March 1945) was a Jewish girl born in the city of Frankfurt am Main in Weimar Germany. She gained international fame posthumously following the publication of her diary which documents her experiences hiding during the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II.
Anne and her family moved to Amsterdam in 1933 after the Nazis gained power in Germany, and were trapped by the occupation of the Netherlands, which began in 1940. As persecutions against the Jewish population increased, the family went into hiding in July 1942 in hidden rooms in her father Otto Frank's office building. After two years, the group was betrayed and transported to concentration camps. Seven months after her arrest, Anne Frank died of typhus in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, within days of the death of her sister, Margot Frank. Her father Otto, the only survivor of the group, returned to Amsterdam after the war to find that her diary had been saved, and his efforts led to its publication in 1947. It was translated from its original Dutch and first published in English in 1952 as The Diary of a Young Girl.
The diary, which was given to Anne on her 13th birthday, chronicles her life from June 12, 1942 until August 1, 1944. It has been translated into many languages, has become one of the world's most widely read books, and has been the basis for several plays and films. Anne Frank has been acknowledged for the quality of her writing, and has become one of the most renowned and most discussed victims of the Holocaust.
Anne and her family moved to Amsterdam in 1933 after the Nazis gained power in Germany, and were trapped by the occupation of the Netherlands, which began in 1940. As persecutions against the Jewish population increased, the family went into hiding in July 1942 in hidden rooms in her father Otto Frank's office building. After two years, the group was betrayed and transported to concentration camps. Seven months after her arrest, Anne Frank died of typhus in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, within days of the death of her sister, Margot Frank. Her father Otto, the only survivor of the group, returned to Amsterdam after the war to find that her diary had been saved, and his efforts led to its publication in 1947. It was translated from its original Dutch and first published in English in 1952 as The Diary of a Young Girl.
The diary, which was given to Anne on her 13th birthday, chronicles her life from June 12, 1942 until August 1, 1944. It has been translated into many languages, has become one of the world's most widely read books, and has been the basis for several plays and films. Anne Frank has been acknowledged for the quality of her writing, and has become one of the most renowned and most discussed victims of the Holocaust.
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