Question

高手帮忙翻译，旅游方面，不要在线翻译，，谢谢，，急用！！！

游客在阅读旅游资料时,景点名称是最先跃入眼帘的信息,能否抓住游客的眼球,吸引游客的注意力,第一印象无疑非常重要。因此,景点名称的翻译值得好好推敲,但是,就目前而言,景点名称的翻译现状却很难令人满意。

首先,同一个景点译名不同,常常会有三四个译名,导致译名紊乱。广西省柳州市风景宜人,市内有许多公园,常常令游客流连忘返,但是这些公园的译名却不统一,不同的地方常常写着不同的译名。例如:“鱼峰公园”有4个译名: Standing Fish Park, Standing-fish Hill Park, Yufeng Park和Yufeng Scenery District;“雀山公园”有3个译名: Que’er Shan Park, Que Shan Park和Que’er Hill Park;“鹅山公园”也有三个译名: E Shan Park, Ershan Hill Park and Ershan Youth Park。同样的问题存在于南京雨花台烈士陵园,同一个景点也具有多个英译名。“雨花石博物馆”在北门导游图译名为Rain Flower Stone Meseum,在群雕前导游图译名为Yuhua Pebbles Museum,在景区功能分布图上译名则为The Museum of Yuhua Stones,而在景点指示牌上则被译为Rain flower Pebbles Museum。其他很多景点如“忠魂亭、梅廊、二忠祠,御碑亭、江南第二泉、烈士群雕像”等等也同样有着两个或两个以上的译名,不太规范。
不同的译名是因为译者采取了不同的翻译方法,这会让国外游客产生疑惑:这些不同的译名指的是同一个景点还是不同的景点?这影响了旅游宣传介绍的效果。与此同时,译名的紊乱也影响了景区的形象。因此有必要统一规范景点名称的翻译,提升旅游景点的形象,以吸引更多的游客
其次,译者忽略景点名称背后的文化信息而导致误译。译者在翻译的时候如果没有对景点名称的来源或者文化内涵多加推敲,而是想当然地根据字面意思来翻译,常常会导致错误的翻译。在《金佛山》的旅游简介中,有一景点名称“金山烟雨”被译为“Smoking Rain of Jinshan”。实际上,这里的“烟雨”是指“蒙蒙细雨”或“雨雾”,并非 “烟雾”,“Smoking Rain”显然是误译,因此建议改译为 “GoldenMountain inMistyRain”。苏州城景点“寒山寺”被译为“ColdMountain Temple”,这也是由于译者忽略了寺名背后的文化信息而导致错译。事实上,去过苏州的人都知道,寒山寺那里根本没有什么山,寒山寺位于苏州城西5公里外的枫桥镇,始建于梁,因唐代高僧寒山曾在寺内住持,故名“寒山寺”。所以“寒山”实际上是高僧的法号,“cold mountain”显然是一种误译。
再次,译者忽略中英文语言文化差异,导致误译。河南开封著名景点“清明上河园”被译成“Park with up-the-River-on-Chingming Festival views”。在英文里面,“up the river”是一个俚语,意思是“坐监狱”。而清明上河园是一个主题公园,是人们放松、休闲娱乐的地方,上述译名容易让国外游客误解,产生负面联想。开封市内的另一景点 “包公祠”被译为“The Memorial Temple of Lord Bao”,这里 “Lord Bao”虽然保持了语言形式通顺,但并不易懂。包拯是一位历史人物,他的形象代表着清正廉洁,在国内和海外华人的心目中有着很高的声誉,“包大人”是人们对他的尊称。“Lord”并不能反映出这种存在于中华文化中的尊敬与景仰之情,意义上的不对等无法准确传递出景点名称的文化内涵。
由于语言文化差异,汉语中的某些表达在翻译中确实存在着不可译性,但是过度的音译会影响到景点名称信息的传达,使国外游客难以领会到景点名称的内涵,降低译文的信息量和可读性,从而影响译文的质量。因此,译者在翻译的时候应该慎重考虑,尽量选择合适的翻译方法。
景点名称翻译中存在的种种问题,说明景点名称的翻译现状有待提高,也从一个侧面告诉我们景点名称翻译的复杂性,译者在翻译时绝不可掉以轻心,想当然地草草下手,而应该多加推敲

Answer 1

首先,同一个景点译名不同,常常会有三四个译名,导致译名紊乱。广西省柳州市风景宜人,市内有许多公园,常常令游客流连忘返,但是这些公园的译名却不统一,不同的地方常常写着不同的译名。例如:“鱼峰公园”有4个译名: Standing Fish Park, Standing-fish Hill Park, Yufeng Park和Yufeng Scenery District;“雀山公园”有3个译名: Que’er Shan Park, Que Shan Park和Que’er Hill Park;“鹅山公园”也有三个译名: E Shan Park, Ershan Hill Park and Ershan Youth Park。同样的问题存在于南京雨花台烈士陵园,同一个景点也具有多个英译名。“雨花石博物馆”在北门导游图译名为Rain Flower Stone Meseum,在群雕前导游图译名为Yuhua Pebbles Museum,在景区功能分布图上译名则为The Museum of Yuhua Stones,而在景点指示牌上则被译为Rain flower Pebbles Museum。其他很多景点如“忠魂亭、梅廊、二忠祠,御碑亭、江南第二泉、烈士群雕像”等等也同样有着两个或两个以上的译名,不太规范。
不同的译名是因为译者采取了不同的翻译方法,这会让国外游客产生疑惑:这些不同的译名指的是同一个景点还是不同的景点?这影响了旅游宣传介绍的效果。与此同时,译名的紊乱也影响了景区的形象。因此有必要统一规范景点名称的翻译,提升旅游景点的形象,以吸引更多的游客
其次,译者忽略景点名称背后的文化信息而导致误译。译者在翻译的时候如果没有对景点名称的来源或者文化内涵多加推敲,而是想当然地根据字面意思来翻译,常常会导致错误的翻译。在《金佛山》的旅游简介中,有一景点名称“金山烟雨”被译为“Smoking Rain of Jinshan”。实际上,这里的“烟雨”是指“蒙蒙细雨”或“雨雾”,并非 “烟雾”,“Smoking Rain”显然是误译,因此建议改译为 “GoldenMountain inMistyRain”。苏州城景点“寒山寺”被译为“ColdMountain Temple”,这也是由于译者忽略了寺名背后的文化信息而导致错译。事实上,去过苏州的人都知道,寒山寺那里根本没有什么山,寒山寺位于苏州城西5公里外的枫桥镇,始建于梁,因唐代高僧寒山曾在寺内住持,故名“寒山寺”。所以“寒山”实际上是高僧的法号,“cold mountain”显然是一种误译。
再次,译者忽略中英文语言文化差异,导致误译。河南开封著名景点“清明上河园”被译成“Park with up-the-River-on-Chingming Festival views”。在英文里面,“up the river”是一个俚语,意思是“坐监狱”。而清明上河园是一个主题公园,是人们放松、休闲娱乐的地方,上述译名容易让国外游客误解,产生负面联想。开封市内的另一景点 “包公祠”被译为“The Memorial Temple of Lord Bao”,这里 “Lord Bao”虽然保持了语言形式通顺,但并不易懂。包拯是一位历史人物,他的形象代表着清正廉洁,在国内和海外华人的心目中有着很高的声誉,“包大人”是人们对他的尊称。“Lord”并不能反映出这种存在于中华文化中的尊敬与景仰之情,意义上的不对等无法准确传递出景点名称的文化内涵。
由于语言文化差异,汉语中的某些表达在翻译中确实存在着不可译性,但是过度的音译会影响到景点名称信息的传达,使国外游客难以领会到景点名称的内涵,降低译文的信息量和可读性,从而影响译文的质量。因此,译者在翻译的时候应该慎重考虑,尽量选择合适的翻译方法。
景点名称翻译中存在的种种问题,说明景点名称的翻译现状有待提高,也从一个侧面告诉我们景点名称翻译的复杂性,译者在翻译时绝不可掉以轻心,想当然地草草下手,而应该多加推敲

Answer 2

游客在阅读旅游资料时,景点名称是最先跃入眼帘的信息,能否抓住游客的眼球,吸引游客的注意力,第一印象无疑非常重要。因此,景点名称的翻译值得好好推敲,但是,就目前而言,景点名称的翻译现状却很难令人满意。

首先,同一个景点译名不同,常常会有三四个译名,导致译名紊乱。广西省柳州市风景宜人,市内有许多公园,常常令游客流连忘返,但是这些公园的译名却不统一,不同的地方常常写着不同的译名。例如:“鱼峰公园”有4个译名: Standing Fish Park, Standing-fish Hill Park, Yufeng Park和Yufeng Scenery District;“雀山公园”有3个译名: Que’er Shan Park, Que Shan Park和Que’er Hill Park;“鹅山公园”也有三个译名: E Shan Park, Ershan Hill Park and Ershan Youth Park。同样的问题存在于南京雨花台烈士陵园,同一个景点也具有多个英译名。“雨花石博物馆”在北门导游图译名为Rain Flower Stone Meseum,在群雕前导游图译名为Yuhua Pebbles Museum,在景区功能分布图上译名则为The Museum of Yuhua Stones,而在景点指示牌上则被译为Rain flower Pebbles Museum。其他很多景点如“忠魂亭、梅廊、二忠祠,御碑亭、江南第二泉、烈士群雕像”等等也同样有着两个或两个以上的译名,不太规范。
不同的译名是因为译者采取了不同的翻译方法,这会让国外游客产生疑惑:这些不同的译名指的是同一个景点还是不同的景点?这影响了旅游宣传介绍的效果。与此同时,译名的紊乱也影响了景区的形象。因此有必要统一规范景点名称的翻译,提升旅游景点的形象,以吸引更多的游客
其次,译者忽略景点名称背后的文化信息而导致误译。译者在翻译的时候如果没有对景点名称的来源或者文化内涵多加推敲,而是想当然地根据字面意思来翻译,常常会导致错误的翻译。在《金佛山》的旅游简介中,有一景点名称“金山烟雨”被译为“Smoking Rain of Jinshan”。实际上,这里的“烟雨”是指“蒙蒙细雨”或“雨雾”,并非 “烟雾”,“Smoking Rain”显然是误译,因此建议改译为 “GoldenMountain inMistyRain”。苏州城景点“寒山寺”被译为“ColdMountain Temple”,这也是由于译者忽略了寺名背后的文化信息而导致错译。事实上,去过苏州的人都知道,寒山寺那里根本没有什么山,寒山寺位于苏州城西5公里外的枫桥镇,始建于梁,因唐代高僧寒山曾在寺内住持,故名“寒山寺”。所以“寒山”实际上是高僧的法号,“cold mountain”显然是一种误译。
再次,译者忽略中英文语言文化差异,导致误译。河南开封著名景点“清明上河园”被译成“Park with up-the-River-on-Chingming Festival views”。在英文里面,“up the river”是一个俚语,意思是“坐监狱”。而清明上河园是一个主题公园,是人们放松、休闲娱乐的地方,上述译名容易让国外游客误解,产生负面联想。开封市内的另一景点 “包公祠”被译为“The Memorial Temple of Lord Bao”,这里 “Lord Bao”虽然保持了语言形式通顺,但并不易懂。包拯是一位历史人物,他的形象代表着清正廉洁,在国内和海外华人的心目中有着很高的声誉,“包大人”是人们对他的尊称。“Lord”并不能反映出这种存在于中华文化中的尊敬与景仰之情,意义上的不对等无法准确传递出景点名称的文化内涵。
由于语言文化差异,汉语中的某些表达在翻译中确实存在着不可译性,但是过度的音译会影响到景点名称信息的传达,使国外游客难以领会到景点名称的内涵,降低译文的信息量和可读性,从而影响译文的质量。因此,译者在翻译的时候应该慎重考虑,尽量选择合适的翻译方法。
景点名称翻译中存在的种种问题,说明景点名称的翻译现状有待提高,也从一个侧面告诉我们景点名称翻译的复杂性,译者在翻译时绝不可掉以轻心,想当然地草草下手,而应该多加推敲

Tourists and tourist information in the reading, the attraction is the name of the first information into the eye, the eye can seize tourists, attracting the attention of tourists, it is very important first impression. Therefore, the translation of the name of attractions well worth consideration, but for the time being, the name of the translation sites are difficult to satisfactory status.

First of all, the same have been translated into different spots, and often have been translated into 34, resulting in translation of disorder. Liuzhou City in Guangxi Province, pleasant scenery, the city has many parks, tourists often forget, but the translation of these parks are not uniform, different areas have been translated into different reading often. For example: "Yufeng Park" There are four listed: Standing Fish Park, Standing-fish Hill Park, Yufeng Park and Yufeng Scenery District; "Bird Park" there are three listed: Que'er Shan Park, Que Shan Park and Que 'er Hill Park; "Goose Hill Park" has been translated into three: E Shan Park, Ershan Hill Park and Ershan Youth Park. The same problem exists in Yuhuatai Martyrs Mausoleum in Nanjing, with a scenic spot also has been translated into more than the British. "Stone museum" in the North have been translated into the door guide map for the Rain Flower Stone Meseum, in群雕before the tour guides have been translated into plans for Yuhua Pebbles Museum, the site distribution function for the translation of The Museum of Yuhua Stones, and in spots are signs of been translated into Rain flower Pebbles Museum. Many other attractions such as "From Here to kiosks, Mei Gallery,二忠Temple, Royal碑亭, Jiangnan second spring, the statue group of martyrs," and so on also have two or more translation, not normative.
Have been translated into different because the translator has taken a different translation methods, which would have a confused foreign tourists: the translation of these different means the same or different attractions attractions? Which affected the effectiveness of tourism publicity. At the same time, have been translated into the disorder has also affected the image of the scenic spots. It is therefore necessary to regulate the translation of the name attractions to enhance the image of tourist attractions in order to attract more tourists
Secondly, the name of the translator overlooked attractions of cultural information behind the result of mistranslation. In the translation when the translator if there is no name on the source of attraction or cultural connotation of more scrutiny, but taken for granted in accordance with the literal translation, and often will lead to the wrong translation. In the "Golden Foshan" tourist profile, there is a spot the name of "Gold Mountain Rain" has been translated as "Smoking Rain of Jinshan". In fact, here's "Rain" means the "drizzle" or "rain and fog," not "smoke", "Smoking Rain" is a mistranslation apparently, it is proposed to be translated as "GoldenMountain inMistyRain". Suzhou City attractions "Hanshan Temple" has been translated as "ColdMountain Temple", this is overlooked as a result of the translator behind the Temple of the cultural information and lead to mistranslation. In fact, ever been to Suzhou, a well-known fact there is nothing there Hanshan Temple Hill, Hanshan Temple is located five kilometers west of Suzhou Fengqiao outside the town, was founded in beam due to the Tang Dynasty monk in the temple abbot Hanshan, named " Hanshan Temple. " Therefore, "Han Shan" is in fact the法号monk, "cold mountain" is a mistranslation.
Again, the translator ignores the differences in English language and culture, resulting in mistranslation. Kaifeng, Henan famous spots "on the Qingming River Park" was to "Park with up-the-River-on-Chingming Festival views". Which in English, "up the river" is a slang, meaning "坐监狱." Tomb on the River Park is a theme park, is a relaxing, leisure and entertainment places, the translation of foreign tourists easily misunderstood, have a negative association. The other attractions the city of Kaifeng "包公祠" was translated as "The Memorial Temple of Lord Bao", where "Lord Bao" while maintaining the form of the language to master, but we do not understand. Bao Zheng is a historical figure, he represents the image of honest and clean, at home and overseas Chinese have a very high reputation in mind, "Package adults," is known for his. "Lord" and do not reflect the Chinese culture that exists in the respect and admiration for the situation, such as the sense of not impossible to accurately convey the attractions of the cultural connotations of the name.
Due to language and cultural differences, some of the Chinese translation of the expression of the existence of untranslatability, but who will be affected over the name of the sites to convey information to enable foreign tourists to the scenic spots difficult to understand the connotations of the name to reduce the amount of information asked and readability, thus affecting the quality of translations. Therefore, in the translation when the translator should be very carefully considered, as far as possible choose a suitable translation.
Attractions Name translation problems that exist in that name attractions to enhance the translation of the status quo, but also from one side to tell us the name of the translation sites complexity of the translator in the translation can not be taken lightly and hastily assumed to gain the upper hand, but should be more scrutiny

Answer 3

Tourists and tourist information in the reading, the attraction is the name of the first information into the eye, the eye can seize tourists, attracting the attention of tourists, it is very important first impression. Therefore, the translation of the name of attractions well worth consideration, but for the time being, the name of the translation sites are difficult to satisfactory status.

First of all, the same have been translated into different spots, and often have been translated into 34, resulting in translation of disorder. Liuzhou City in Guangxi Province, pleasant scenery, the city has many parks, tourists often forget, but the translation of these parks are not uniform, different areas have been translated into different reading often. For example: "Yufeng Park" There are four listed: Standing Fish Park, Standing-fish Hill Park, Yufeng Park and Yufeng Scenery District; "Bird Park" there are three listed: Que'er Shan Park, Que Shan Park and Que 'er Hill Park; "Goose Hill Park" has been translated into three: E Shan Park, Ershan Hill Park and Ershan Youth Park. The same problem exists in Yuhuatai Martyrs Mausoleum in Nanjing, with a scenic spot also has been translated into more than the British. "Stone museum" in the North have been translated into the door guide map for the Rain Flower Stone Meseum, in群雕before the tour guides have been translated into plans for the Yuhua Pebbles Museum, the site distribution function for the translation of The Museum of Yuhua Stones, and in spots are signs of been translated into Rain flower Pebbles Museum. Many other attractions such as "From Here to kiosks, Mei Gallery,二忠Temple, Royal碑亭, Jiangnan second spring, the statue group of martyrs," and so on also have two or more translation, not normative.
Have been translated into different because the translator has taken a different translation methods, which would have a confused foreign tourists: the translation of these different means the same or different attractions attractions? Which affected the effectiveness of tourism publicity. At the same time, have been translated into the disorder has also affected the image of the scenic spots. It is therefore necessary to regulate the translation of the name attractions to enhance the image of tourist attractions in order to attract more tourists
Secondly, the name of the translator overlooked attractions of cultural information behind the result of mistranslation. In the translation when the translator if there is no name on the source of attraction or cultural connotation of more scrutiny, but taken for granted in accordance with the literal translation, and often will lead to the wrong translation. In the "Golden Foshan" tourist profile, there is a spot the name of "Gold Mountain Rain" has been translated as "Smoking Rain of Jinshan". In fact, here's "Rain" means the "drizzle" or "rain and fog," not "smoke", "Smoking Rain" is a mistranslation apparently, it is proposed to be translated as "GoldenMountain inMistyRain". Suzhou City attractions "Hanshan Temple" has been translated as "ColdMountain Temple", this is overlooked as a result of the translator behind the Temple of cultural information which led to the wrong translation. In fact, ever been to Suzhou, a well-known fact there is nothing there Hanshan Temple Hill, Hanshan Temple is located five kilometers west of Suzhou Fengqiao outside the town, was founded in beam due to the Tang Dynasty monk in the temple abbot Hanshan, named " Hanshan Temple. " Therefore, "Han Shan" is in fact the法号monks, "cold mountain" is a mistranslation.
Again, the translator ignores the differences in English language and culture, resulting in mistranslation. Kaifeng, Henan famous spots "on the Qingming River Park" was to "Park with up-the-River-on-Chingming Festival views". Which in English, "up the river" is a slang, meaning "坐监狱." Tomb on the River Park is a theme park, is a relaxing, leisure and entertainment places, the translation of foreign tourists easily misunderstood, have a negative association. The other attractions the city of Kaifeng "包公祠" was translated as "The Memorial Temple of Lord Bao", where "Lord Bao" while maintaining the form of the language to master, but we do not understand. Bao Zheng is a historical figure, he represents the image of honest and clean, at home and overseas Chinese have a very high reputation in mind, "Package adults," is known for his. "Lord" and do not reflect the Chinese culture that exists in the respect and admiration for the situation, such as the sense of not impossible to accurately convey the attractions of the cultural connotations of the name.
Due to language and cultural differences, some of the Chinese translation of the expression of the existence of untranslatability, but who will be affected over the name of the sites to convey information to enable foreign tourists to the scenic spots difficult to understand the connotations of the name to reduce the amount of information asked and readability, thus affecting the quality of translations. Therefore, in the translation when the translator should be very carefully considered, as far as possible choose a suitable translation.
Attractions Name translation problems that exist in that name attractions to enhance the translation of the status quo, but also from one side to tell us the name of the translation sites complexity of the translator in the translation can not be taken lightly and hastily assumed to gain the upper hand, but should be more scrutiny

Answer 4

Tourists and tourist information in the reading, the attraction is the name of the first information into the eye, the eye can seize tourists, attracting the attention of tourists, it is very important first impression. Therefore, the translation of the name of attractions well worth consideration, but for the time being, the name of the translation sites are difficult to satisfactory status.
First of all, the same have been translated into different spots, and often have been translated into 34, resulting in translation of disorder. Liuzhou City in Guangxi Province, pleasant scenery, the city has many parks, tourists often forget, but the translation of these parks are not uniform, different areas have been translated into different reading often.For example: "Yufeng Park" There are four listed: Standing Fish Park, Standing-fish Hill Park, Yufeng Park and Yufeng Scenery District; "Bird Park" there are three listed: Que'er Shan Park, Que Shan Park and Que 'er Hill Park; "Goose Hill Park" has been translated into three: E Shan Park, Ershan Hill Park and Ershan Youth Park. The same problem exists in Yuhuatai Martyrs Mausoleum in Nanjing, with a scenic spot also has been translated into more than the British. "Stone museum" in the North have been translated into the door guide map for the Rain Flower Stone Meseum, inbefore the tour guides have been translated into plans for sculptures Yuhua Pebbles Museum, the site distribution function for the translation of The Museum of Yuhua Stones, and in spots are signs of been translated into Rain flower Pebbles Museum.Many other attractions such as "From Here to kiosks, Mei Gallery,Temple, Royal碑亭, Jiangnan second spring, the statue group of martyrs," and so on also have two or more translation, not normative.
Have been translated into different because the translator has taken a different translation methods, which would have a confused foreign tourists: the translation of these different means the same or different attractions attractions? Which affected the effectiveness of tourism publicity. At the same time, have been translated into the disorder has also affected the image of the scenic spots.It is therefore necessary to regulate the translation of the name attractions to enhance the image of tourist attractions in order to attract more tourists
Secondly, the name of the translator overlooked attractions of cultural information behind the result of mistranslation. In the translation when the translator if there is no name on the source of attraction or cultural connotation of more scrutiny, but taken for granted in accordance with the literal translation, and often will lead to the wrong translation. In the "Golden Foshan" tourist profile, there is a spot the name of "Gold Mountain Rain" has been translated as "Smoking Rain of Jinshan".In fact, here's "Rain" means the "drizzle" or "rain and fog," not "smoke", "Smoking Rain" is a mistranslation apparently, it is proposed to be translated as "GoldenMountain inMistyRain". Suzhou City attractions "Hanshan Temple" has been translated as "ColdMountain Temple", this is overlooked as a result of the translator behind the Temple of cultural information which led to the wrong translation. In fact, ever been to Suzhou, a well-known fact there is nothing there Hanshan Temple Hill, Hanshan Temple is located five kilometers west of Suzhou Fengqiao outside the town, was founded in beam due to the Tang Dynasty monk in the temple abbot Hanshan, named " Hanshan Temple. "Therefore, "Han Shan" is in fact the法号monks, "cold mountain" is a mistranslation.
Again, the translator ignores the differences in English language and culture, resulting in mistranslation. Kaifeng, Henan famous spots "on the Qingming River Park" was to "Park with up-the-River-on-Chingming Festival views". Which in English, "up the river" is a slang, meaning "坐监狱."Tomb on the River Park is a theme park, is a relaxing, leisure and entertainment places, the translation of foreign tourists easily misunderstood, have a negative association. The other attractions the city of Kaifeng "包公祠" was translated as "The Memorial Temple of Lord Bao", where "Lord Bao" while maintaining the form of the language to master, but we do not understand. Bao Zheng is a historical figure, he represents the image of honest and clean, at home and overseas Chinese have a very high reputation in mind, "Package adults," is known for his."Lord" and do not reflect the Chinese culture that exists in the respect and admiration for the situation, such as the sense of not impossible to accurately convey the attractions of the cultural connotations of the name.
Due to language and cultural differences, some of the Chinese translation of the expression of the existence of untranslatability, but who will be affected over the name of the sites to convey information to enable foreign tourists to the scenic spots difficult to understand the connotations of the name to reduce the amount of information asked and readability, thus affecting the quality of translations.Therefore, in the translation when the translator should be very carefully considered, as far as possible choose a suitable translation.
Attractions Name translation problems that exist in that name attractions to enhance the translation of the status quo, but also from one side to tell us the name of the translation sites complexity of the translator in the translation can not be taken lightly and hastily assumed to gain the upper hand, but should be more scrutiny