新概念英语第二册Lesson58~60课文注释
新概念英语第二册Lesson58课文注释
1.The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a‘cursed tree’.据说弗林利这个小村里有一棵“该诅咒的树”。
(1)主语+ be said+…这种结构通常译为“据说……”是对不太有把握的事发表看法时一种谨慎的说法。(cf.本课语法)
(2)of在这里表示同位关系，如 the city of London/New York(伦
敦/纽约市);at the age of twenty(20岁时); a height of three feet(3英尺的高度)。
2.…the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased.……现在来弗林利参观的人越来越多。
the number of表示“……的数量/总数”，它作主语时谓语动词要用单数，虽然visitors是复数。注意它与a number of(许多，若干)的区别：
The number of patients in this hospital has increased.
这家医院的病人越来越多。
A number of patients have asked to see you.
许多病人要求见您。(动词用复数形式)
3.…it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil reputation.……只是近几年才得到了一个坏名声。
句中的 it is…that是个强调句型。如果我们想要强调某个词或某个短语，我们可以用 it is/was+被强调的成分+that/ who(m)结构。这样组成的句子叫分裂句，因为it结构把一个简单句劈开，使其分裂成两个分句。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语、状语等。课文中这句话强 调的是时间状语。从简单句到强调句变化如下：
Frank phoned Jack last night.
弗兰克昨晚给杰克打了电话。(简单句，没有强调什么)
It was Frank who phoned Jack last night.
是弗兰克昨晚给杰克打了电话。(强调是弗兰克而不是别人打的电话)
It was Jack who (m) Frank phoned last night.
是杰克昨晚接到弗兰克打来的电话。(强调电话是打给杰克而不是打给别人)
It was last night that Frank phoned Jack.
是昨天晚上弗兰克给杰克打了电话。(强调是昨天晚上而不是其他时间)
4.It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if be picks a leaf, he will die.据说，谁要是触摸了这棵树，谁就会交上恶运;如果谁摘了一片树叶，谁就会死去。
it是这个句子的先行主语，其真正主语是that引导的两个条件句(都是第1类条件句)，这两个条件句在结构上一样。
5.…the tree has already claimed a number of victims.……此树已经害了不少人。
claim可以表示疾病、意外等“夺去(生命)”：
The accident claimed a few lives.
那次事故夺走了几条人命。
6.The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused.人们曾请求教区的牧师叫人把树砍掉，但他直到现在也没有同意。
(1)在 to have the tree cut down这个短语中， have表示“使……”，即叫别人完成某动作，cut down为过去分词短语。(cf.第66课语法)
(2)so far为固定短语，其含义之一为“迄今为止”，常与现在完成时连用：
He hasn't returned my books so far.
迄今为止他还没有还我的书。
7.point out，指出。
这个短语可分开用：
I realized that he had made a mistake, so I pointed it out to him immediately。
我意识到他犯了个错误，所以我立即就向他指了出来。
He pointed out that it was a mistake not to help them.
他指出不帮助他们是错误的。
8.in spite of,尽管，虽然;不顾，不管。
He set off in spite of the heavy rain.
尽管下着大雨，他还是出发了。
In spite of what you have told me, I still believe(that) he has stolen the money.
虽然你对我说了这些，我还是认为他偷了那笔钱。
9.So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!
然而到目前为止，还没有一个人暴死呢!
(1)not one of them表示“一个人也没有……”其语气比none of them或 no one要强。
(2)strike down为固定短语，在这里表示“使……生重病”、“杀死”(通常用被动语态)：
Many people were struck down in that war.
许多人在那场战争中死去了。
He was struck down by cancer last year.
他去年死于癌症。
新概念英语第二册Lesson59课文注释
1.Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate.每当它想到花园里来时，便汪汪叫个不停，直到有人把门打开。
every time在这里为连词引导一个时间状语从句，表示“每次”、“每当”，主句中的would表示过去的习惯性动作。用一般过去时的句子中它们经常连用：
Every time we met, we would talk for a while.
我们每次见面都要聊一会儿。
Every time he came to the restaurant, he would first ask for a cup of tea.
他每次到这个饭馆来，都是先要一杯茶。
2.…my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in.……我丈夫花了几个星期的时间训练它用脚爪按住门闩把自己放进来。
(1)spend表示“在……上花时间”时，后面如果跟名词则用介词on;如果跟动名词则用介词in(在口语中in往往省略)：
Why don't you spend more time on studies?
你为什么不在学习上再多花点时间呢?
I spent two weeks(in) reading this book.
我花了两星期的时间读这本书。
(2)train的宾语是him, to press…是宾语补足语，to let…为目的状语。
3.Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.雷克斯很快成了开门的专家。
expert表示“做/干……的专家/高手”时后面通常用 at doing sth.;表示在某一领域是“专家”、“权威”时可用介词in或on:
John is an expert at driving a car.
约翰是开车高手。
She is an expert in flowers.
她是花卉方面的专家。
Sam is an expert on that problem.
萨姆是研究那个问题的权威。
4.This time he was barking so that someone would let him out!这次它叫着让人把它放出去!
连词so that引导的是目的状语从句。(cf.本课语法)
新概念英语第二册Lesson60课文注释
1.A relation of yours is coming to see you.您的一个亲戚就要来看您了。
(1)a relation of yours为名词的双重所有格(cf.第10课语法)：
a friend of my father's 我父亲的一位朋友
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
(2)句子中的现在进行时并不表示目前正在进行的动作，而表示将要发生的事情。(cf.本课语法)
2.The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise.您一走出这个帐篷，就会大吃一惊。
连词 the moment (that)与 as soon as含义一样，表示“一……就”：
I'll phone you the moment I get the letter.
我一拿到信就给你打电话。
在这个连词引导的时间状语从句中要用一般现在时来表示将来时。(cf.本课语法)
3.That is all.就是这些。
这是口语中常用的一句话，表示“完了”、“就这些”、“事情就是这样”等含义：
He borrowed some money from me. That's all.
他向我借了些钱，而已。
4.…If forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me.……就把别林斯基夫人给我算卦的事忘得一干二净了，因为我的妻子正匆匆向我跑来。
与that is all中的 all一样，这句话中的all也是代词，表示“一切”、“全部”、“所有的事”，注意作主语时它被视为单数：
All I can remember is her name.
我所记得的只是她的名字。
hurry towards sb. 表示“向某人匆匆走去”。
5.…we must be at the station to meet her.……我们得去车站接她。
(1)must be表示用现在时代指将来的状况，即他姐姐到时他们得在车站接她。这句话也可以变成we must go to the station to meet her,意义不变。
(2)to meet her为表示目的的不定式。(cf.第 59课语法)
