y=|sinx|+|cosx|的单调性
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解:
①当x在第一象限时,即[2kπ,π/2+2kπ),k∈Z时:sinx≥0,cosx>0
∴y=sinx+cosx=√2sin(x+π/2)
sinx在此区间为增函数,而sin(x+π/2)是由sinx向左移动π/2所得
所以sin(x+π/2)为先增后减,极点为π/4+2kπ
∴在区间[2kπ,π/4+2kπ)上为增函数,[π/4+2kπ,π/2+2kπ)上为减函数
②当x在第二象限时,即[π/2+2kπ,π+2kπ),k∈Z时:sinx>0,cosx≤0
∴y=sinx-cosx=√2sin(x-π/2)
sinx在此区间为减函数,而sin(x-π/2)是由sinx向右移动π/2所得
所以sin(x-π/2)为先增后减,极点为3π/4+2kπ
∴在区间[π/2+2kπ,3π/4+2kπ)上为增函数,[3π/4+2kπ,π+2kπ)上为减函数
③当x在第三象限时,即[π+2kπ,3π/2+2kπ),k∈Z时:sinx≤0,cosx<0
∴y=-sinx-cosx=-√2sin(x+π/2)
-sinx在此区间为增函数,而-sin(x+π/2)是由-sinx向左移动π/2所得
所以sin(x-π/2)为先增后减,极点为5π/4+2kπ
∴在区间[π+2kπ,5π/4+2kπ)上为增函数,[5π/4+2kπ,3π/2+2kπ)上为减函数
④当x在第四象限时,即[3π/2+2kπ,2π+2kπ),k∈Z时:sinx<0,cosx≥0
∴y=-sinx+cosx=-√2sin(x-π/2)
-sinx在此区间为减函数,而-sin(x-π/2)是由sinx向右移动π/2所得
所以sin(x-π/2)为先增后减,极点为7π/4+2kπ
∴在区间[3π/2+2kπ,7π/4+2kπ)上为增函数,[7π/4+2kπ,2π+2kπ)上为减函数
综合①②③④所述:
y的增区间为[2kπ,π/4+2kπ)∪[π/2+2kπ,3π/4+2kπ)∪[π+2kπ,5π/4+2kπ)∪[3π/2+2kπ,7π/4+2kπ)
y的减区间为[π/4+2kπ,π/2+2kπ)∪[3π/4+2kπ,π+2kπ)∪[5π/4+2kπ,3π/2+2kπ)∪[7π/4+2kπ,2π+2kπ)
①当x在第一象限时,即[2kπ,π/2+2kπ),k∈Z时:sinx≥0,cosx>0
∴y=sinx+cosx=√2sin(x+π/2)
sinx在此区间为增函数,而sin(x+π/2)是由sinx向左移动π/2所得
所以sin(x+π/2)为先增后减,极点为π/4+2kπ
∴在区间[2kπ,π/4+2kπ)上为增函数,[π/4+2kπ,π/2+2kπ)上为减函数
②当x在第二象限时,即[π/2+2kπ,π+2kπ),k∈Z时:sinx>0,cosx≤0
∴y=sinx-cosx=√2sin(x-π/2)
sinx在此区间为减函数,而sin(x-π/2)是由sinx向右移动π/2所得
所以sin(x-π/2)为先增后减,极点为3π/4+2kπ
∴在区间[π/2+2kπ,3π/4+2kπ)上为增函数,[3π/4+2kπ,π+2kπ)上为减函数
③当x在第三象限时,即[π+2kπ,3π/2+2kπ),k∈Z时:sinx≤0,cosx<0
∴y=-sinx-cosx=-√2sin(x+π/2)
-sinx在此区间为增函数,而-sin(x+π/2)是由-sinx向左移动π/2所得
所以sin(x-π/2)为先增后减,极点为5π/4+2kπ
∴在区间[π+2kπ,5π/4+2kπ)上为增函数,[5π/4+2kπ,3π/2+2kπ)上为减函数
④当x在第四象限时,即[3π/2+2kπ,2π+2kπ),k∈Z时:sinx<0,cosx≥0
∴y=-sinx+cosx=-√2sin(x-π/2)
-sinx在此区间为减函数,而-sin(x-π/2)是由sinx向右移动π/2所得
所以sin(x-π/2)为先增后减,极点为7π/4+2kπ
∴在区间[3π/2+2kπ,7π/4+2kπ)上为增函数,[7π/4+2kπ,2π+2kπ)上为减函数
综合①②③④所述:
y的增区间为[2kπ,π/4+2kπ)∪[π/2+2kπ,3π/4+2kπ)∪[π+2kπ,5π/4+2kπ)∪[3π/2+2kπ,7π/4+2kπ)
y的减区间为[π/4+2kπ,π/2+2kπ)∪[3π/4+2kπ,π+2kπ)∪[5π/4+2kπ,3π/2+2kπ)∪[7π/4+2kπ,2π+2kπ)
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