Question

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Findings of the global integrity check or observation of existing damage and
unwanted stay cable behavior can point to a need for investigation for local damage
detection. The local damage detection may focus on the anchorage zone as the most
critical component of the stay cables or the cable free length. An investigation of this
type utilizes techniques developed or tailored for stay cables along with other
customary inspection methods for bridges. Removing anchorage caps, use of visual
aids such as borescopes, cable dissection, material sampling and testing are some of
the means for damage detection in stay cables. Non-destructive techniques, such as
the use of ultra-sound, have been successful for detection of hidden damages and
flaws such as wire breaks and grout voids in the anchorage zones. New methods are
under investigation for damage detection along the free length of the cables. Once
the existing condition of stay cables is determined, instrumentation system can be
designed and installed for continuous health monitoring of the cables and the bridge.
Retrofitting and mitigation can be designed to address the problems identified
during the evaluation process. These include replacement of severely damaged cables
or strands, repair of guide pipes, concre+-cb encasement, cable cover pipe, grout voids,
and design and installation of vibration suppression devices (Telang et al., 2000).

Answer 1

全球完整性检查的发现，或现有损伤及错误斜拉索行为的观察，这两者指出需要局部损伤检测的调查。局部损伤检测可能集中在锚固区，这是斜拉索或电缆自由长度(cable free length)最重要的组成部分。这方面的调查利用了专门针对斜拉索的技术，还有常用于桥梁检验的方法。去除锚地帽，使用视觉辅助如管道镜，电缆夹层，材料的取样和测试都是斜拉索损伤检测的方法。非破坏性的技术，如采用超音，已经能成功检测锚固区隐藏的损坏和缺陷，如断线和灌浆空洞。用于检测沿电缆自由长度损伤的新方法正在调查中。一旦斜拉索的现有条件确定后，就可以设计和安装仪器系统对电缆和桥进行持续的健康监测。
改造和缓解可以被设计来解决评估过程中发现的问题。这些措施包括更换严重受损电缆
或股线，维修导向管、 concre + CB装箱、电缆盖管、灌浆空隙，设计和安装振动抑制装置。

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