Question

求助英语大神 一道英语选择题！

34. In many countries the law forbids citizens to carry pistols or rifles without first ___D___ a special permit.
A) obtaining B) to obtain
C) being obtained D) having obtained
答案为D，请解释一下为什么！！！

Answer 1

首先，得理解一下本句话的含义：在许多国家,公民没有获得特别许可证的前提下，法律是禁止公民携带手枪和步枪。那么这句话的主语是公民， having obtained是形式谓语，这里主要考虑的是一个时态和语态的问题，陈述这句话是现在完成时态，形式主语citizens+形式谓语 having obtained
+宾语