Question

哪个高人能替我翻译一下论文的摘要，不要在线翻译的，要快，谢谢！跪求!

摘 要

我们教师不仅要教授学生知识，更重要的是教会学生学习方法，使学生形成基本的化学观念，这是化学学科的一个重要教学目标。也是中学化学教育的重要内容，“类”观念的学习与培养对于帮助学生更好的学习化学有着不可估量的作用，更有利于初中学生对化学知识的系统掌握和运用。
本文阐述了“类”观念的内涵及科学学习价值，介绍了“类”观念形成的理论基础，依据新课程的要求和“类”观念形成特点，对中学生“类”观念知识的掌握以及理解和运用情况做了较为深入的调查研究。研究对象是太原市阳曲县第一中学高一的学生，调查表明揭示了现阶段中学生在对在“类”观念的理解过程中方面所存在的问题是：（1）学生缺乏将知识整合形成思维模型的能力；（2）教师缺乏基于观念的整合性教学。并且依据建构主义理论，提出了类”观念建构的教学原则：（1）理解性原则；（2）观念形成和具体事实学习相结合的原则；（3）结构化原则；（4）指导探究原则；（5）模型化原则。在此基础上提出了“类”观念建构的基本策略：即进行专题教学和观念为本的教学设计的建设。
最后在理论基础上提出中学生形成“类”观念的教学建议，希望学生能掌握学科中最根本的东西，用化学的思想和方法来统摄具体知识，逐步形成科学规范的化学基本观念，并指导学生形成有序的化学思维体系，获得解决问题的科学思维模型，从而提高学生系统掌握化学知识和解决问题的能力。

【关键词】“类”观念 基本观念 思维模型

Answer 1

Our teachers not only to teach students the knowledge, is more important is to teach students to learn ways to make students form the basic chemical concepts, which is an important teaching of chemistry goal. Education is an important part of high school chemistry, "class" concept of learning and help students develop better learning for the chemical have an immeasurable effect, more conducive to junior high school chemistry students master and apply knowledge of the system.
In this paper, "class" concept of the meaning and value of science learning, introduced the "Class" Conception of the theoretical basis, based on the new curriculum requirements and the "Class" Conception of the characteristics of the students, "Class" concept and the understanding and mastery of knowledge the use of the situation to do a more thorough investigation. Yangqu County study is the first high school in Taiyuan one student, the survey reveals that students at this stage in the "class" concept with regard to the process of understanding the problems are: (1) the formation of the students lack the knowledge integration the ability of mental models; (2) the lack of teachers based on the concept of integrated teaching. And based on constructivist theory, the category "Teaching Concepts of principles: (1) understand the principle; (2) the specific facts of the concept of the formation and the principle of combining study; (3) structural principles; (4) explore the principles guiding ; (5) model of principle. On this basis, proposed a "class" of the Concepts of basic strategies: the thematic concept-based teaching and instructional design of the building.
Finally, based on the theory proposed by students in the formation of "class" concept of teaching suggestions, hoping that students can grasp the subject of the most basic things, using chemical methods to unifying the thinking and specific knowledge, and gradually form a scientific and standardized basic chemistry concepts and guide students ordered the formation of chemical thinking system, access to scientific thinking, problem solving model to improve students master chemical knowledge system and problem-solving skills.

Key words "class" concept of the basic concept of mental model

Answer 2

Our teachers not only to teach students the knowledge, is more important is to teach students to learn ways to make students form the basic chemical concepts, which is an important teaching of chemistry goal. Education is an important part of high school chemistry, "class" concept of learning and help students develop better learning for the chemical have an immeasurable effect, more conducive to junior high school chemistry students master and apply knowledge of the system.
In this paper, "class" concept of the meaning and value of science learning, introduced the Class Conception of the theoretical basis, based on the new curriculum requirements and the Class Conception of the characteristics of the students, Class concept and the understanding and mastery of knowledge the use of the situation to do a more thorough investigation. Yangqu County study is the first high school in Taiyuan one student, the survey reveals that students at this stage in the class concept with regard to the process of understanding the problems is:(1) students lack the knowledge integration and the ability to form mental models; (2) the lack of teachers based on the concept of integrated teaching. And based on constructivist theory, the category Teaching Concepts of principles: (1) understand the principle; (2) the specific facts of the concept of the formation and the principle of combining study; (3) structural principles; (4) explore the principles guiding ; (5) model of principle. On this basis, proposed a class of the Concepts of basic strategies: the thematic concept-based teaching and instructional design of the building.
Finally, based on the theory proposed by students in the formation of "class" concept of teaching suggestions, hoping that students can grasp the subject of the most basic things, using chemical methods to unifying the thinking and specific knowledge, and gradually form a scientific and standardized basic chemistry concepts and guide students ordered the formation of chemical thinking system, access to scientific thinking, problem solving model to improve the system master students chemical knowledge and problem-solving skills.