Question

2010年国际货代英语辅导：贸易术语通则的产生（5）

Answer 1

2、新的三个贸易术语

　FCA-Free Carrier (...named place) 货交承运人(指定地点)

　　英文定义：“Free Carrier”means that sellers delivers the goods, cleared for export, to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place. “货交承运人”是指卖方只要将货物在指定的地点交给由买方指定的承运人，并办理了出口清关手续，即完成交货。

　　注释：nominated:　指定的，指派的

　　这一术语应注意以下几点：

　　1)Seller should clear the goods for export.卖方负责办理出口清关手续。

　　2)The chosen place of delivery has an impact on the obligations of loading and unloading the goods at that place.交货地点的选择对于在该地点装货和卸货的义务会产生影响。

　　- If delivery occurs at the seller’s premises, the seller is responsible for loading.如卖方在其所在地交货，则由卖方负责装货。

　　- If delivery occurs at any other place, the seller is not responsible for unloading.如卖方在任何其他地点交货，则卖方不负责卸货。

　　注释：impact: 常与on联用，对...施加影响;premise: 生产场所，经营场址(在这里引申为“所在地”之意)

　　3)FCA term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport, including multimodal transport.

　　FCA术语可用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。

　　注释：irrespective: 常与of联用，意为：不论...的，任何的;multimodal transport:多式联(multi-前缀,常表示“多种的”的意思)

　　4)If the buyer nominates a person other than a carrier to receive the goods, the seller is deemed to have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they are delivered to that person.若买方指定承运人以外的人领取货物，则当卖方将货物交给此人时，即视为已履行交货义务，(风险转移给买方)

　　注释：other than: 除了，不同于; be deemed to: 被视为; fulfill: 履行，完成

　　CPT — Carriage Paid to (... named place of destination) 运费付至(指定目的地)

　　英文定义：“Carriage paid to…”means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. “运费付至”指卖方向其指定的承运人交货，但卖方还必须支付货物运至目的地的运费。

注释：in addition: 另外

这一贸易术语要注意以下几点：

　　1)The buyer bears all risks and any other costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered. 买方承担交货后的一切风险和其他费用。

　　2)CPT与CFR的区别

　　CPT has much in common with the term CFR. The major difference is that CFR can only be used for sea and inland waterway transport, while CPT can be used for any mode of transport including multi-modal transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ship’s rail, the CPT term is preferred.

　　CPT术语和CFR术语有很多相似之处。主要的区别在于CFR术语经用于海运和内陆和运输，而CPT术语可适用于任何运输方式，包括多式联运。如果双方不打算将货物越过船舷交货，应使用CPT术语。

　　注释：in common with: 和...一样; major: 主要的;difference: 区别，不同之处; party: (条约，会议的) 参与者，常用复数形式与the联用，表示“(合约)双方”。Intend to: 打算做...;

　　across: 穿过，越过= pass; prefer : 更喜欢...，更倾向于...(preferred: 首选的)

　　CIP — Carriage and Insurance Paid to (... named place of destination ) 运费加保险费付至(指定目的地)

　　英文定义：“Carriage and Insurance Paid to…”means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. “运费加保险费付至”是指卖方向其指定的承运人交货，但卖方必须支付货物运至目的地的运费。

　　这个术语应该注意以下几点：

　　1)The buyer bears all risks and any additional costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered.买方承担交货后的一切风险和费用。

　　2)The seller also has to procure insurance against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. 卖方必须办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的保险。因此由卖方订立保险合同并支付保险费。

　　3)CIP may be used irrespective of the mode of transport including multi-modal transport. CIP术语可用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。