Question

语法问题

Being a United States citizen since 1988 and born in Calcutta in 1940. author Bharati Mukherjee has lived in England and Canada, and first came to the United States in 1961 to study at the Iowa Writers' Workshop.
(A) Being a United States citizen since 1988 and born in Calcutta in 1940, author Bharati Mukherjee has
(C) Born in Calcutta in 1940, author Bharati Mukherjee became a United States citizen in 1988; she has
正确答案是C，对于A项，我的疑问是
1)A如果还原后句子是不是：author is being a United States citizen since 1988 and was born in Calcutta in 1940 ???
2)being和born为何不能平行，这里being后面接的名词，而不是形容词，感觉更像动名词而不像现在分词，是因为这个关系吗？
3）看有的解释说正确选项C，born 是being born的省略，我并不认同，因为OG的解释是being born是反复的动作，而bron是瞬间动词，我的理解是bron就是过去分词，如果还原直接是句子主语作逻辑主语，author was born in Calcutta in 1940,不知这样的理解是否正确？

谢谢你的帮助！

Answer 1

[Being a United States citizen since 1988 and born in Calcutta in 1940，author Bharati Mukherjee has] lived in England and Canada, and first came to the United States in 1961 to study at the Iowa Writers' Workshop.
(A) Being a United States citizen since 1988 and born in Calcutta in 1940, author Bharati Mukherjee has
(B) Having been a United States citizen since 1988, she was born in Calcutta in 1940; author Bharati Mukherjee
(C) Born in Calcutta in 1940, author Bharati Mukherjee became a United States citizen in 1988; she has
(D) Being born in Calcutta in 1940 and having been a United States citizen since 1988, author Bharati Mukherjee
(E) Having been born in Calcutta in 1940 and being a United States citizen since 1988, author Bharati
答：C
译：作家BM，1940年生于加尔各答，1988年入美国籍。她在英国和加拿大生活过。1961年初次来到美国进衣阿华作家创作室学习。
析：
since与完成式连用，且时序颠倒， 排除A
选项B代词she先于Bharati Mukherjee 不爽，且前一分句时序仍是颠倒，很不爽。译出来“88年入了美国籍之后，也40年出生了。时空穿越吗？排除B
选项D的第一个being纯属多余
in 1940应当用过去分词而不用现在分词完成式，since应与完成式连用， 排除E
正确选项C用了Done,s v o;s v1 and v2.句子逻辑清晰，易懂。

问：对于A项，我的疑问是
1)A如果还原后句子是不是：author is being a United States citizen since 1988 and was born in Calcutta in 1940 ???
答：不是。应是：As she was a United States citizen since 1988 and was born in Calcutta in 1940, .... 分词短语作状语，应还原成相应的状语从句。 不管是你的is being 还是我的was ..,与since 1988都扭不在一起。be作“是”解释，是没有进行时态的。

2)being和born为何不能平行，这里being后面接的名词，而不是形容词，感觉更像动名词而不像现在分词，是因为这个关系吗？
答：不是现在分词短语和过去分词短语不能并列，而是since 1988这个时间状语决定了前一分词不能用一般式。还有时序填倒等等问题。另这个being 不可能是动名词，be后面接形容词和接名词，都是系表结构。（He is clever; He is a student.), 动名词是相当于名词的。只能理解成两个分词短语并列，作状语。

3）看有的解释说正确选项C，born 是being born的省略，我并不认同，因为OG的解释是being born是反复的动作，而bron是瞬间动词，我的理解是bron就是过去分词，如果还原直接是句子主语作逻辑主语，author was born in Calcutta in 1940,不知这样的理解是否正确？
答：born 是过去分词，且不表示动作，表动作的过去分词是borne 如She has borne 3 children.
born只能作表语，表状态。它不是being born的省略。后才为现在分词。当然如果是形容词的话，是需要being 的，如Being ill, she couldn't come to school. 一般不能只用ill, ...,尽管这里的born与ill一样是作形容词用的。便born的本质是过去分词。
你的理解正确。OG是谁？乱讲！
ETS的解释：C is best. The first clause presents its information clearly and in logical sequence. The use of a semicolon to set apart the remaining information further assists the clarity of the sentence. In A, the phrase Being... and born violates parallelism and oddly presents its information in reverse chronological order. Choice B illogically suggests that upon her birth in 1940, Mukherjee had already been a United States citizen since 1988. In D and E, the use of progressive forms (Being born, having been. Having been born, and being) implies continuous action, a notion that is not appropriate to the facts being presented. Also, these forms do not establish a logical time sequence, suggesting, for example, that Mukherjee had been a United States citizen before she lived in England and Canada and first came to the United States.