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特征根 ±i, 故设特解 y = (ax+b)cos2x+(cx+d)sin2x
y' = acos2x-2(ax+b)sin2x +csin2x+2(cx+d)cos2x
= (2cx+2d+a)cos2x - (2ax+2b-c)sin2x
y'' = 2ccos2x - 2(2cx+2d+a)sin2x -2asin2x - 2(2ax+2b-c)cos2x
= (-4ax-4b+4c)cos2x + (-4cx-4d-4a)sin2x
代入 y'' + y = xcos2x 得
-3a = 1, -3b+4c =0, -3c = 0, -3d-4a = 0
a = -1/3, c = 0, b = 0 , d = 4/9
特解 y = -(1/3)xcos2x + (4/9)sin2x
y' = acos2x-2(ax+b)sin2x +csin2x+2(cx+d)cos2x
= (2cx+2d+a)cos2x - (2ax+2b-c)sin2x
y'' = 2ccos2x - 2(2cx+2d+a)sin2x -2asin2x - 2(2ax+2b-c)cos2x
= (-4ax-4b+4c)cos2x + (-4cx-4d-4a)sin2x
代入 y'' + y = xcos2x 得
-3a = 1, -3b+4c =0, -3c = 0, -3d-4a = 0
a = -1/3, c = 0, b = 0 , d = 4/9
特解 y = -(1/3)xcos2x + (4/9)sin2x
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